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·药学研究·


          小檗碱改善2型糖尿病合并代谢相关脂肪性肝病的机制研究
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          李 怡 ,康舒羽,王琪文,黄曼婷,曾聪彦,童 隽,董更婷(广州中医药大学附属中山中医院中药药理实验室/
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          国家中药现代化工程技术研究中心-医院制剂转化分中心,广东 中山 528400)

          中图分类号  R965      文献标志码  A      文章编号  1001-0408(2025)16-1975-06
          DOI  10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2025.16.04

          摘  要  目的  探讨小檗碱通过调节神经酰胺改善2型糖尿病(T2DM)合并代谢相关脂肪性肝病(MAFLD)的潜在机制。方法  取
          血糖水平>11.1 mmol/L的db/db小鼠(即T2DM模型小鼠)32只,分为模型组,小檗碱低、高剂量组[100、200 mg/(kg·d)]和二甲双
          胍组[300 mg/(kg·d)],每组8只;另取wt/wt小鼠8只,作为正常对照组。各组小鼠灌胃相应药液或水,每天1次,持续6周。观察小
          鼠实验期间的体重变化,并分析其末周体重差异;末次给药后,观察各组小鼠的体型,检测其空腹血糖(FBG)水平和血脂指标[总
          胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)]含量;检测其空腹胰岛素(FINS)水平
          并计算胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)和胰岛素敏感性指数(ISI);检测其肝脏质量、肝脏指数和血清肝功能指标[丙氨酸转氨酶
         (AST)、天冬氨酸转氨酶(ALT)]水平,观察肝组织病理学变化,检测其肝组织中脂肪酸合成相关蛋白[固醇调节元件结合蛋白 1
         (SREBP1)、脂肪酸合酶(FASN)、乙酰辅酶A羧化酶1(ACC1)]的表达。收集正常对照组、模型组、小檗碱高剂量组小鼠血清样本,
          进行非靶向脂质组学分析并验证。结果  与模型组比较,小檗碱低、高剂量组小鼠肝组织细胞排列紊乱、脂质空泡等病理改变均得
          以改善;其末周体重,FBG水平,TC、TG、LDL-C含量,HOMA-IR(小檗碱低剂量组除外),肝脏质量和肝脏指数,AST、ALT水平,以
          及SREBP1、FASN、ACC1蛋白的表达均显著降低或下调,而HDL-C含量、FINS水平(小檗碱高剂量组除外)、ISI(小檗碱低剂量组
          除外)均显著升高(P<0.05)。共鉴定出21个潜在差异代谢物,含多种神经酰胺;上述代谢物主要富集于鞘脂代谢、甘油磷脂代谢
          等通路;验证实验结果显示,高剂量小檗碱可显著降低模型小鼠血清神经酰胺含量(P<0.05)。结论  小檗碱可减轻 T2DM 合并
          MAFLD小鼠的胰岛素抵抗,改善其肝脏受损和脂质沉积,上述作用可能与降低神经酰胺含量有关。
          关键词  小檗碱;2型糖尿病;代谢相关脂肪性肝病;非靶向脂质组学分析;鞘脂代谢;神经酰胺

          Study  on  the  mechanism  of  berberine  in  improving  diabetes  mellitus  type  2  combined  with  metabolic-
          associated fatty liver disease
          LI Yi,KANG Shuyu,WANG Qiwen,HUANG Manting,ZENG Congyan,TONG Jun,DONG Gengting
         (Pharmacology  Laboratory  of  Traditional  Chinese  Medicine,  Zhongshan  Hospital  of  Traditional  Chinese
          Medicine  Affiliated  to  Guangzhou  University  of  Traditional  Chinese  Medicine/Hospital  Preparation
          Transformation  Branch,  National  Engineering  Research  Center  for  Modernization  of  Traditional  Chinese
          Medicine, Guangdong Zhongshan 528400, China)

          ABSTRACT   OBJECTIVE  To  investigate  the  potential  mechanism  of  berberine  improving  diabetes  mellitus  type  2 (T2DM)
          combined with metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) by regulating ceramide. METHODS  Thirty-two db/db mice with
          blood  glucose  levels>11.1  mmol/L (T2DM  model)  were  divided  into  four  groups:  model  group,  berberine  low-  and  high-dose
          groups [100, 200 mg/(kg·d)] and metformin group [300 mg/(kg·d)], with 8 mice in each group. Additionally, 8 wt/wt mice were
          selected  as  the  normal  control  group.  Mice  in  each  group  were  administered  the  corresponding  drug  solution  or  water  by  gavage
          once  daily  for  a  continuous  period  of  6  weeks.  During  the  experiment,  the  body  weight  of  the  mice  was  monitored,  and  the
          differences  in  final  body  weight  were  analyzed.  After  the  last  administration,  the  body  shape  of  the  mice  in  each  group  was
          observed,  and  their  fasting  blood  glucose (FBG)  and  the  lipid  indicators  [total  cholesterol (TC),  triglyceride (TG),  low-density
          lipoprotein  cholesterol (LDL-C),  high-density  lipoprotein  cholesterol (HDL-C)]  were  measured.  Fasting  serum  insulin (FINS)
                                                             levels  were  also  measured,  and  the  insulin  resistance  index
             Δ  基金项目 国 家 自 然 科 学 基 金 青 年 科 学 基 金 项 目(No.    (HOMA-IR)  and  insulin  sensitivity  index  (ISI)  were
          82305119);广东省中医药局中医药科研项目(No.20251433);广州中          calculated.  Liver  weight,  liver  index  and  serum  liver  function
          医药大学校院联合科技创新基金项目(No.GZYZS2024U07)                  indicators [alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase
             *第一作者 硕士研究生。研究方向:糖尿病及心血管活性药物评                  (AST)]  were  assessed,  and  hepatic  histopathological  changes
          价和作用机制。E-mail:1796255334@qq.com                    were  observed.  Additionally,  the  expression  of  fatty  acid
             # 通信作者 助理研究员,博士。研究方向:糖尿病及心血管活性                  synthesis-related  proteins  [sterol  regulatory  element-binding
          药物评价和作用机制。E-mail:donggengting@163.com              protein  1 (SREBP1),  fatty  acid  synthase (FASN),  acetyl-


          中国药房  2025年第36卷第16期                                              China Pharmacy  2025 Vol. 36  No. 16    · 1975 ·
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