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松果菊苷对尿毒症大鼠肾损伤的影响及机制
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          熊 玮 ,彭 斌,高 智(武汉市中医医院肾病科,武汉 430014)

          中图分类号  R965;R285      文献标志码  A      文章编号  1001-0408(2024)02-0198-06
          DOI  10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2024.02.13


          摘   要  目的  研究松果菊苷(ECH)对尿毒症(URE)大鼠肾损伤的影响及机制。方法  采用5/6肾切除法建立URE大鼠模型。建
          模成功的大鼠分为尿毒症(URE)组、ECH低剂量[10 mg/(kg·d)]组、ECH中剂量组[20 mg/(kg·d)]、ECH高剂量组[40 mg/(kg·d)]
          和ECH高剂量+茴香霉素[p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(p38 MAPK)信号通路激活剂]组[ECH-H+Ani组,40 mg/(kg·d)ECH+2 mg/(kg·d)
          茴香霉素],另设假手术组,每组 12 只。各药物组灌胃相应的 ECH,ECH-H+Ani 组再尾静脉注射茴香霉素,每天 1 次,连续给药 8
          周。检测大鼠血清中肿瘤细胞因子 α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素 1β(IL-1β)、IL-6、血尿素氮(BUN)、β2-微球蛋白(β2-MG)、血肌酐
         (Scr)、中性粒细胞明胶酶相关载脂蛋白(NGAL)、肾损伤分子1(KIM-1)、胱抑素C(Cys-C)水平,24 h尿蛋白(24 h UP)和肾组织中
          丙二醛(MDA)水平、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性;观察肾组织病理学变化;检测大鼠肾组织中α-平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-SMA)、E-上
          皮钙黏素(E-cadherin)阳性表达率和p38 MAPK、核因子κB(NF-κB)p65的磷酸化水平。结果  与URE组相比,ECH各剂量组大鼠
          肾小球肿胀及上皮细胞损伤坏死明显减轻,炎症细胞浸润明显减少;肾损伤评分和 TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6、BUN、Scr、β2-MG、24 h
          UP、NGAL、KIM-1、Cys-C、MDA水平及α-SMA阳性表达率、p38 MAPK和NF-κB p65的磷酸化水平均呈剂量依赖性降低而SOD
          活性和E-cadherin阳性表达率均呈剂量依赖性升高(P<0.05)。茴香霉素可显著逆转高剂量ECH对URE大鼠肾损伤及相关指标
          的改善作用(P<0.05)。结论  ECH可能通过抑制p38 MAPK/NF-κB信号通路激活来抑制URE大鼠的炎症反应和氧化应激反应,
          增强肾功能,改善肾损伤。
          关键词  松果菊苷;尿毒症;肾损伤;p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶/核因子κB信号通路

          Effects of echinacoside on renal injury in uremia rats and its mechanism
          XIONG Wei,PENG Bin,GAO Zhi(Dept.  of  Nephrology,  Wuhan  Hospital  of  Traditional  Chinese  Medicine,
          Wuhan 430014, China)

          ABSTRACT    OBJECTIVE  To  investigate  the  effects  of  echinacoside (ECH)  on  renal  injury  in  uremia (URE)  rats  and  its
          mechanism.  METHODS  URE  model  of  the  rat  was  established  by  5/6  nephrectomy.  Successfully  modeled  rats  were  grouped  into
          uremia group (URE group), ECH low-dose [10 mg/(kg·d)] group, ECH medium-dose [20 mg/(kg·d)] group, ECH high-dose [40
          mg/(kg·d)]  group,  ECH  high-dose+anisomycin  [p38  mitogen-activated  protein  kinase (p38  MAPK)  pathway  activator]  group
          [ECH-H+Ani group, 40 mg/(kg·d) ECH +2 mg/(kg·d) anisomycin], with a sham operation group, 12 mice in each group. Each
          drug  group  was  given  corresponding  ECH  intragastrically,  while  ECH-H+Ani  group  was  further  injected  with  anisomycin  via  the
          tail vein, once a day, for 8 consecutive weeks. The serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6,
          blood  urea  nitrogen (BUN),  β2-microglobulin (β2-MG),  serum  creatinine (Scr),  neutrophil  gelatinase-associated  lipocalin
         (NGAL),  kidney  injury  molecule-1 (KIM-1),  cystatin  C (Cys-C)  and  24  h  urine  protein (24  h  UP)  as  well  as  the  levels  of
          malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in renal tissue were all detected; pathological changes of renal
          tissue were observed; the rate of positive expression of α-smooth muscle protein (α-SMA) and E-cadherin, and the phosphorylation
          of p38 MAPK and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65 were determined in renal tissue of rats. RESULTS Compared with URE group,
          glomerular  swelling,  damage  and  necrosis  of  renal  tubular  epithelial  cells  and  inflammatory  cell  infiltration  were  relieved
          significantly in ECH groups. The renal injury score, levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, BUN, Scr, β2-MG, 24 h UP, NGAL, KIM-
          1,  Cys-C  and  MDA,  the  positive  expression  rate  of  α-SMA  in  renal  tissue,  the  phosphorylation  of  p38  MAPK  and  NF-κB  p65
          were  decreased  in  dose-dependent  manner,  while  SOD  activity  and  the  positive  expression  rate  of  E-cadherin  were  obviously
          increased  in  dose-dependent  manner (P<0.05). Anisomycin  significantly  attenuated  the  improvement  effect  of  high-dose  ECH  on
          renal injury in URE rats (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS ECH may inhibit inflammation and oxidative stress, enhance renal function,
          and improve renal injury in uremic rats by inhibiting the activation of p38 MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway.
                                                              KEYWORDS    echinacoside;  uremia;  renal  injury;  p38
              Δ 基金项目 武汉市医学科研项目(No.WZ20C16)
             *第一作者 主治医师,硕士。研究方向:中西医结合治疗肾脏病。                   mitogen-activated  protein  kinase/nuclear  factor- κB  signaling
          E-mail:xw1980x@163.com                              pathway


          · 198 ·    China Pharmacy  2024 Vol. 35  No. 2                               中国药房  2024年第35卷第2期
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