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我院儿童合理用药数据库的构建与应用
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          蒋志平 ,彭 骞,王方杰,周志红,胡外光(湖南省儿童医院药学部,长沙 410007)

          中图分类号  R95      文献标志码  A      文章编号  1001-0408(2023)08-1005-05
          DOI  10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2023.08.21

          摘  要  目的  构建我院儿童合理用药数据库,为保障儿童用药安全提供参考。方法  通过搭建知识库基本架构、制定儿童用药证
          据质量等级参考标准,提炼儿童用药循证证据,完成儿童合理用药知识库的构建与填充。从患者信息初步判定规则、药品基本信
          息规则、处方适宜性审核规则、结果标记及后处理规则四方面设计和构建儿童合理用药规则库。将数据库嵌入我院处方审核系统
          并上线应用,检验其效果。结果  构建了1套包含672个儿科常用药品、15 000多条儿童合理用药规则的数据库。数据库应用后
         (2021 年 12 月-2022 年 5 月)的住院儿童不合理医嘱拦截率平均值为 2.03%,高于数据库应用前(2021 年 6 月-2021 年 11 月)的
          0.80%(χ =5 784.389,P<0.001);经事后抽样和处方点评,数据库应用后的儿童出院病历用药医嘱平均合格率为99.10%,高于数
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          据库应用前的94.58%(χ =301.237,P<0.001)。结论  基于循证证据自主构建的儿童合理用药数据库,贴近医疗机构儿科临床实
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          际需求,能有效减少儿科临床不合理用药行为,提高处方合格率,保障儿童用药安全。
          关键词  儿童;合理用药;数据库;处方前置审核


          Construction and application of rational drug use database for children in our hospital
          JIANG Zhiping,PENG Qian,WANG Fangjie,ZHOU Zhihong,HU Waiguang(Dept.  of  Pharmacy,  Hunan
          Children’s Hospital, Changsha 410007, China)

          ABSTRACT   OBJECTIVE To establish a database of rational drug use for children in our hospital, and to provide reference for
          ensuring the safety of drug use in children. METHODS The construction and filling of the knowledge base of rational drug use for
          children  were  performed  by  establishing  the  basic  structure  of  the  knowledge  base,  formulating  reference  standards  for  the  quality
          level of pediatric medication evidence, and refining evidence-based evidence of pediatric medication. The rule base of rational drug
          use  for  children  was  designed  and  built  from  four  aspects:  preliminary  determination  rules  for  patient  information,  basic  drug
          information  rules,  prescription  suitability  review  rules,  result  labeling  and  post-processing  rules.  The  database  was  embedded  into
          prescription  review  system  of  our  hospital  and  was  applied  online  to  test  its  effectiveness.  RESULTS  A  set  of  database  containing
          672 commonly used pediatric medicines and more than 15 000 rules for rational drug use for children was initially constructed. The
          average interception rate of unreasonable medical orders for hospitalized children after database application(from December 2021 to
          May 2022)was 2.03%, and was higher than 0.80% before database application(from June 2021 to November 2021)(χ =5 784.389,
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          P<0.001);  after  post-sampling  and  prescription  review,  the  average  qualified  rate  of  medication  orders  in  discharged  medical
          records  for  children  after  the  application  of  the  database  was  99.10%,  and  was  higher  than  94.58%  before  the  application  of  the
          database (χ =301.237,  P<0.001).  CONCLUSIONS  Self-constructed  evidence-based  rational  drug  use  database  for  children  is
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          close  to  the  actual  clinical  needs  of  pediatrics  in  medical  institutions,  which  can  effectively  reduce  clinical  irrational  drug  use
          behaviors in pediatrics, improve the pass rate of prescriptions, and ensure the safety of children’s drug use.
          KEYWORDS    children; rational use of drug; database; pre-prescribing review



              2016-2020年间,国家卫生健康委员会陆续发布了                     号)、《关于加强医疗机构药事管理促进合理用药的意
         《关于印发医疗机构处方审核管理规范的通知》(国卫办                           见》(国卫医发〔2020〕2 号)等一系列保障临床用药安全
          医发〔2018〕14号)、《关于进一步推进以电子病历为核心                      和加强药事管理信息化的纲领性文件                  [1―5] ,旨在通过加
          的医疗机构信息化建设的通知》(国卫办医发〔2018〕20
                                                             强医疗机构药事管理工作,推进医疗信息化和智能化建
             Δ 基金项目 湖南省科学技术厅临床医疗技术创新引导项目(No.                 设,减少临床用药不合理、不规范的现象。据调研,当前
          2020SK50511);湖南省卫生健康委员会科研项目(No. 202213043925)
                                                             众多医疗机构在儿科领域开展处方审核、不合理处方预
             *第一作者 主任药师,硕士。研究方向:药事管理、药学信息化建
          设。电话:0731-85600906。E-mail:27672357@qq.com          警和干预等存在较大困难,关键在于儿童患者专用的合


          中国药房  2023年第34卷第8期                                                China Pharmacy  2023 Vol. 34  No. 8    · 1005 ·
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