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diseases”network was constructed by Cytoscape 3.7.1 software. STRING database was adopted to construct protein interaction
        (PPI)network,molecular docking was conducted between the potential targets with high degree values and active components of
        H. rhamnoides. The gene ontology(GO)analysis and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes(KEGG)pathway enrichment
        analysis were performed by Clue GO for the potential target of H. rhamnoides in the treatment of AD. Totally 50 mice were
        randomly divided into blank group,model group [D-galactose 120 mg/(kg·d),AlCl3 solution 20 mg/(mL·d)],positive
        drug group [oxiracetam 260 mg/(kg·d)],seabuckthorn oil extract group [1.6 g/(kg·d)],seabuckthorn polyphenols group
        [1.6 g/(kg·d)],with 10 mice in each group. The mice was given relevant medicine intragastrically and modeling agent;blank
        group was given constant volume of distilled water intragastrically,once a day,for consecutive 60 d. The learning and memory
        abilities were detected by Morris water maze test;the levels of immune factors in hippocampus tissue were measured by ELISA.
        Pathological morphology of hippocampus tissue was observed by HE staining. The mechanism of H. rhamnoides in the treatment of
        AD was validated preliminarily. RESULTS:Totally 22 active components of H. rhamnoides(quercetin,kaempferol,isorhamnetin,
        β-carotene,β-sitosterol) may affect biological processes such as nuclear receptor activity,lipopolysaccharide-mediated signal
        pathway,and may affect 114 methabolism pathways such as IL-17 signal transduction pathway,TNF signal transduction pathway
        by regulating 147 targets such as serine/threonine kinase coding protein (AKT1),amino terminal kinase (JUN) and mitogen
        activated protein kinase(MAPK1). The results of molecular docking showed that binding scores of the main active components of
        H. rhamnoides and the main target proteins were all above 4.25,which showed good binding activity. Results of pharmacology
        experiment showed that H. rhamnoides extract could shorten the escape latency of AD model mice,increased the times of crossing
        platform,relieved hippocampus injury of cerebral tissue,and decreased the contents of inflammatory factors TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6
        and IL-17 in hippocampus of cerebral tissue. CONCLUSIONS:The active components of H. rhamnoides can regulate multiple
        targets in the important pathway of AD;animal experiments preliminarily verify that H. rhamnoides can relieve the hippocampus
        injury and improve the learning and memory ability of AD model mice by inhibiting the expression of inflammatory factors.
        KEYWORDS     Hippophae rhamnoides;Alzheimer’s disease;Network pharmacology;Molecular docking


            阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer’s disease,AD)是一种严                  网络药理学是利用计算机科学、分子生物学、药学
        重威胁老年人生命健康的中枢神经系统退行性疾病。                             等学科的成果,对传统中药成分的潜在靶点、药理作用
        目前,全世界约有 5 000 万人患有 AD,且患病人数逐年                      进行多基因、多靶点、多途径的系统研究,可为中医药现
                                                                                 [14]
                                                   [1]
        上升,预计到2050年AD患病人数会增加3倍以上 。传                         代化研究提供新的思路 。分子对接则是通过受体特
        统中医认为,AD 归属于中医“呆病”“神呆”“善忘”的范                        征及受体与药物分子之间的相互作用方式来预测其结
                                                                                             [15]
        畴,其病机涉及脾胃虚弱、气血虚衰、痰瘀交阻、气血凝                           合模式和亲合力的一种理论模拟方法 。本文采用网
            [2]
        滞等 。现代医学研究表明,AD 发病机制与氧化应激、                          络药理学结合分子对接法对沙棘治疗AD的分子机制进
        胆碱能损伤、神经炎症等相关              [3-5] 。目前,治疗 AD 的药       行研究,阐明沙棘活性成分治疗 AD 的药理作用机制并
        物主要为胆碱酯酶抑制剂,如多奈哌齐、美金刚等单一                            进行初步的药理学实验验证,为沙棘在治疗 AD 方面的
        靶点药物,治疗效果不显著,因此寻找高效低毒、便于长                           应用提供参考。
        期服用、有效延缓或治愈 AD 的新型药物已成为研究者                          1 材料
        的首要目标 。                                             1.1  仪器
                  [6]
            传统中药及其提取物具有安全、不良反应少等特                               FA2004 型电子分析天平(上海舜宇恒平科学仪器
        点,已被用于治疗 AD 新药的研发,并显示出良好的效                          有限公司);Morris 水迷宫视频跟踪分析系统(成都泰盟
        果 。沙棘是胡颓子科植物沙棘 Hippophae rhamnoides                 科技有限公司);FC型酶标仪[赛默飞世尔(上海)仪器有
          [7]
        L.的干燥成熟果实,味酸、涩,性温,归脾、胃、肺、心经,                        限公司];XH-C 型漩涡混合器(无锡莱浦仪器设备有限
        常用于脾虚食少、咳嗽痰多、瘀血经闭、跌扑瘀肿的治                            公司);JJ-12J 型脱水机、JB-L7 型包埋机(武汉俊杰电子
        疗 。据《民族药成方制剂》记载,沙棘的成方制剂吉祥                           有限公司);RM2016 型病理切片机(上海徕卡仪器有限
          [8]
        安神丸具有补气安神作用;《蒙医金匮》中记载有沙棘十                           公司);XSP-13C-LP 型显微镜(上海精密仪器仪表有限
        七味散,主治胃、肾、肝等脏腑之瘀血症,与中医治疗AD                          公司)。
                                                      [9]
        患者时使用增补气血、化瘀血、充盈脑髓的药物相符 。                           1.2 药品与试剂
        本课题组前期研究表明,沙棘中含有多酚、油脂等活性                                氯化铝(AlCl3,天津市凯通化学试剂有限公司,批
                                    [10]
        成分,具有抗氧化、抗AD等作用 。因此,沙棘抗AD的                          号:170814,分析纯);D-半乳糖(北京化学试剂公司,批
        作用,可能与其补气健脾、化痰祛浊、活血化瘀的药效相                           号:1711016,分析纯);奥拉西坦胶囊(石药集团欧意药
        关 [11-13] 。                                         业有限公司,批号:485180416,规格:0.4 g/粒);肿瘤坏


        ·2326 ·  China Pharmacy 2020 Vol. 31 No. 19                                 中国药房    2020年第31卷第19期
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