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大蓟不同药用部位的HPLC特征图谱与化学模式识别研究 Δ

谢明晏 ，张 正，黄 瑶，张志鹏，胡 瑶，程学仁（广东一方制药有限公司/广东省中药配方颗粒企业重点实验
#
＊
室，广东 佛山 528244）

中图分类号 R284 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408（2020）07-0820-06
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2020.07.11

摘 要 目的：建立大蓟不同药用部位的高效液相色谱（HPLC）特征图谱，并结合化学识别方法全面比较大蓟不同药用部位化学
成分的差异，为大蓟药材的质量控制及评价提供参考。方法：采用HPLC法分别对大蓟药材（即地上部分）、叶、花、主茎和侧茎进
行测定，按《中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统》（2012A版）对色谱图进行匹配生成各药用部位的HPLC特征图谱，通过单因素方
差分析共有特征峰峰面积差异，通过与对照品比对进行色谱峰指认，并结合主成分分析和聚类分析对大蓟不同药用部位进行化学
模式识别研究。结果：分别建立了大蓟药材、叶、花、主茎、侧茎的HPLC特征图谱，大蓟药材、叶和花的图谱中共确定了15个共有
峰，主茎、侧茎的图谱中共确定了11个共有峰（7、9、12、13号峰缺失），不同药用部位之间化学成分含量差异较大；指认峰1、2、3、
10、11分别为新绿原酸、绿原酸、隐绿原酸、蒙花苷和柳穿鱼叶苷。主成分分析和聚类分析结果显示，大蓟花与茎的化学模式识别
聚类区别清晰，可分别聚为一类；但大蓟叶分布较为分散，难以很好地聚类。结论：建立的HPLC特征图谱-化学模式识别分析模
型能够整体、全面、真实地反映大蓟不同药用部位之间的差异，对大蓟药材的基源鉴别、质量控制及整体性评价具有重要意义。
关键词 大蓟；药用部位；特征图谱；方差分析；主成分分析；聚类分析

Study on HPLC Characteristic Chromatogram and Chemical Pattern Recognition of Different Medicinal
Parts of Cirsium japonicum
XIE Mingyan，ZHANG Zheng，HUANG Yao，ZHANG Zhipeng，HU Yao，CHENG Xueren（Guangdong Yifang
Pharmaceutical Co.， Ltd./Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula
Granule，Guangdong Foshan 528244，China）

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE：To establish HPLC characteristic chromatogram of different medicinal parts of Cirsium japonicum，
and to compare the difference of chemical components in different medicinal parts of C. japonicum according to chemical
identification method，and to provide reference for quality control and evaluation of C. japonicum. METHODS：Medicinal material
（overground part），leaves，flower，main stem and lateral stem of C. japonicum were determined by HPLC. According to the
TCM Chromatographic Fingerprint Similarity Evaluation System（2012A edition），the chromatograms were matched to generate the
HPLC characteristic chromatogram of each medicinal part. The differences of common characteristic peak area were analyzed
according to variance analysis of single factor. The chromatographic peaks were identified by comparison of reference substance.
Meanwhile，the chemical pattern recognition was performed to research the different medicinal parts of C. japonicum according to
principal component analysis（PCA）and cluster analysis. RESULTS：HPLC characteristic chromatograms of medicinal material，
leaves，flower，main stem and lateral stem from C. japonicum were established respectively，and 15 common peaks were
confirmed for medicinal material，leaves and flower of C. japonicum；11 common peaks were confirmed in chromatograms of main
stem and lateral stem from C. japonicum（absence of No. 7，9，12，13 peak）. The contents of chemical components were different
greatly among different medicinal parts. No. 1，2，3，10，11 peaks were identified as neochlorogenic acid，chlorogenic acid，
cryptochlorogenic acid，linarin and pectolinarin. Results of PCA and cluster analysis showed that chemical pattern recognition and
clustering of the flower and stem of C. japonicum were distinct and can be clustered into one category respectively. However，the
leaves distribution of C. japonicum was relatively scattered，so it was difficult to cluster. CONCLUSIONS：Established HPLC
characteristic chromatogram-chemical pattern recognition can reflect the differences of different medicinal parts of C. japonicum
integrally， comprehensively and truly， which has vital
Δ 基金项目：广东省科技计划项目（No.2018B030323004）；“广东 significance for origin indentification， quality control and
特支计划”科技创业领军人才项目（No.2017TY04R197）
overall evaluation of C. japonicum.
＊本科。研究方向：中药及中药配方颗粒质量标准。电话：
KEYWORDS Cirsium japonicum；Medicinal parts；Charac-
0757-85128604。E-mail：yanayana7672@163.com
teristic chromatogram；Variance analysis；Principal component
# 通信作者：主任中药师，硕士。研究方向：中药饮片与配方颗粒
质量标准。电话：0757-85128604。E-mail：chengxr@126.com analysis；Cluster analysis

·820 · China Pharmacy 2020 Vol. 31 No. 7 中国药房 2020年第31卷第7期