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基于色度-成分含量关联性的酸枣仁炒制程度判别研究
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          李 园    1, 2* ,柳艳梅 ,黄 成 ,朋汤义 ,韩燕全            1, 2, 3, 4 # (1.安徽中医药大学第一附属医院药学部/国家中医药管
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          理局中药制剂三级实验室,合肥 230031;2.安徽中医药大学药学院,合肥 230012;3.安徽省药物制剂技术与
          应用重点实验室,合肥 230012;4.安徽省中医药科学院药物制剂研究所,合肥 230012)


          中图分类号  R283.3;R917      文献标志码  A      文章编号  1001-0408(2026)09-1148-07
          DOI  10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2026.09.07

          摘   要  目的  探究酸枣仁炒制过程中成分含量与色度的相关性,为酸枣仁炒制程度提供判别指标。方法  采用清炒法制备不同
          炒制时间点的样品,以超高效液相色谱法定量分析酸枣仁生品与不同炒制时间点样品中8种主要成分(腺苷、木兰花碱、酸枣仁皂
          苷A、斯皮诺素、6″ ′ -阿魏酰斯皮诺素、白桦脂酸、油酸、亚油酸),以紫外分光测色仪测定其色度值,应用Pearson相关性分析、线性
          回归分析、主成分分析(PCA)、聚类热图分析(CHA)、偏最小二乘判别分析(PLS-DA)等多种分析方法分析不同炒制时间点的酸枣
          仁色度值与其成分含量之间的相关性及差异,以明确其炮制终点。结果  随炒制时间延长,亚油酸、油酸含量降低,其余成分含量
          升高;色度值L*和E*ab下降,a*缓慢上升。Pearson相关性分析显示,L*、E*ab与腺苷、斯皮诺素、6″ ′ -阿魏酰斯皮诺素、酸枣仁皂苷
          A、白桦脂酸和木兰花碱含量均呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。线性回归分析结果表明,可通过分析酸枣仁粉末色度值,初步预测该药
          材中腺苷等6种成分的含量。PCA和CHA可区分生品与炒制品。PLS-DA结果表明,L*、E*ab、a*、亚油酸含量、油酸含量是影响
          不同炒制时间点酸枣仁颜色与质量的主要差异性参数。炒制9~10 min时,L*和E*ab降至最低且稳定,a*较高且变化平缓;同时,
          除亚油酸、油酸外的6种成分含量均达到峰值。结论  酸枣仁的色度值与腺苷等6种成分含量呈现出显著的相关性,其最佳炒制时
          间范围为9~10 min。所建立的色度-成分含量关联分析方法切实可行,可用于酸枣仁炒制程度的判别。
          关键词  酸枣仁;色度;成分含量;炒制程度;色差分析技术;化学模式识别


          Study  on  the  discrimination  of  roasting  degree  of  Ziziphus  jujuba  based  on  the  correlation  of  colorimetric
          values with component content
          LI Yuan ,LIU Yanmei ,HUANG Cheng ,PENG Tangyi ,HAN Yanquan        1, 2, 3, 4 (1. Dept. of Pharmacy, the First
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          Affiliated  Hospital  of  Anhui  University  of  Chinese  Medicine/Grade  Ⅲ  Laboratory  for  Traditional  Chinese
          Medicine  Preparations,  National  Administration  of  Traditional  Chinese  Medicine,  Hefei  230031,  China;
          2.  College  of  Pharmacy,  Anhui  University  of  Chinese  Medicine,  Hefei  230012,  China;3.  Key  Laboratory  of
          Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application of Anhui  Province,  Hefei 230012,  China;4.  Institute of
          Pharmaceutical Preparation, Anhui Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012,China)


          ABSTRACT    OBJECTIVE  To  investigate  the  correlation  of  component  content  with  colorimetric  values  during  the  roasting
          process  of  Ziziphus  jujuba,  and  to  provide  criteria  for  discriminating  the  roasting  degree  of  Z.  jujuba.  METHODS  Samples  were
          prepared  by  dry  stir-frying  for  different  roasting  times.  The  eight  main  components  in  raw  Z.  jujuba  and  the  samples  stir-fried  for
          different  roasting  times-namely  adenosine,  magnoflorine,  jujuboside A,  spinosin,  6 ″ ′ -feruloylspinosin,  betulinic  acid,  oleic  acid,
          and  linoleic  acid-were  quantitatively  analyzed  using  ultra-performance  liquid  chromatography.  The  chromaticity  values  were
          determined using a UV spectrophotometer. The correlation and differences between the chromaticity values of Z. jujuba at different
          roasting  times  and  their  components  content  were  analyzed  by  Pearson  correlation  analysis,  linear  regression  analysis,  principal
                                                              component  analysis  (PCA)  ,  cluster  heatmap  analysis
              Δ 基金项目 国家中医药管理局朋汤义全国老药工传承工作室建
          设项目(No.国中医药人教函〔2024〕255号);安徽省名中药师工作室项              (CHA),  and  partial  least  squares  discriminant  analysis (PLS-
          目(No.皖中医药发展秘〔2023〕23号);安徽省徽派中药炮制流派工作                DA)  to  clarify  the  processing  endpoint.  RESULTS  As  the
          室项目(No.皖中医药发展秘〔2021〕30号)                            roasting  time  increased,  the  contents  of  linoleic  acid  and  oleic
             *第一作者 主管中药师,硕士研究生。研究方向:中药炮制。
                                                              acid  decreased,  while  the  contents  of  other  components
          E-mail:708948512@qq.com
              # 通信作者 主任中药师,博士生导师,博士。研究方向:中药炮制                 exhibited  an  increasing  trend.  Concurrently,  the  colorimetric
          与质量控制。E-mail:hyquan2003@163.com                     value  L*  and  E*ab  were  observed  to  decline,  whereas  the  a*


          · 1148 ·    China Pharmacy  2026 Vol. 37  No. 9                              中国药房  2026年第37卷第9期
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