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5 结语                                                     Med,2022,11(3):800.
              肝硬化患者 PVT 发生率显著升高,一旦形成 PVT,                     [ 8 ]  STINE J G,WANG J,SHAH P M,et al. Decreased portal
          将会进一步加重门静脉系统的压力,继而引发顽难治性                                 vein  velocity  is  predictive  of  the  development  of  portal
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          退,降低肝脏的储备能力,对患者的长期生存和预后造
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          展、改善患者预后的有效措施。目前,临床上常用的抗
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                                                                   efficacy of direct oral anticoagulants in patients with moderate
          中,低分子肝素因具有抗凝效果明确、无需常规监测凝                                 to  severe  cirrhosis[J]. Ann  Pharmacother,2022,56(7):
          血指标、出血风险相对可控等特点,在初始抗凝阶段被                                 782-790.
          国内外多部指南或共识推荐为首选药物。维持期的抗                             [11]  DRIEVER E G,MAGAZ M,ADELMEIJER J,et al. The
          凝方案则需综合考虑肝功能分级、出血风险、药物相互                                 portal vein in patients with cirrhosis is not an excessively
          作用以及患者的用药依从性等因素,个体化地选择抗凝                                 inflammatory or hypercoagulable vascular bed,a prospec‐
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              目前,肝硬化合并 PVT 的抗凝治疗仍面临诸多挑                             2075-2082.
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          策略,以平衡血栓再通的获益与出血风险,是当前临床
                                                                   2004,40(5):736-741.
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          · 538 ·    China Pharmacy  2026 Vol. 37  No. 4                               中国药房  2026年第37卷第4期
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