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ICIs 联合新辅助化疗用于早期三阴性乳腺癌疗效与安全性的
Meta分析
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杨芷轩 ,李 硕 ,王培源 ,郄宏鑫 ,巩文琳 ,高笑男 ,高敬林 ,王明霞 (1.河北医科大学第四医院临床药
理研究部,石家庄 050011;2.河北省肿瘤微环境与耐药重点实验室,石家庄 050011)
中图分类号 R979.1 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408(2026)02-0238-06
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2026.02.18
摘 要 目的 评价免疫检查点抑制剂联合新辅助化疗用于早期三阴性乳腺癌的疗效和安全性。方法 检索 PubMed、Cochrane
Library、Embase、Web of Science、中国知网、万方数据、维普网以及肿瘤学术会发表的相关研究,收集免疫检查点抑制剂联合新辅
助化疗(试验组)对比新辅助化疗(对照组)的随机对照试验(RCT),检索时限为建库起至2025年6月30日。筛选文献、资料提取,
评价质量后,采用RevMan 5.4软件进行Meta分析。结果 最终纳入6项RCT,共计3 786例患者。Meta分析结果显示,试验组患者
的无事件生存期[HR=0.73,95%CI(0.62,0.85),P<0.000 1]、总生存期[HR=0.69,95%CI(0.57,0.84),P=0.000 3]、病理完全缓解
率(pCR)[OR=1.57,95%CI(1.37,1.80),P<0.000 01]均显著高于对照组。试验组患者的≥3级不良事件(AE)发生率、严重不良事
件(SAE)发生率、≥3级免疫相关不良事件(irAE)发生率均显著高于对照组;两组患者的任意AE发生率和任意irAE发生率比较,
差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。亚组分析结果显示,无论程序性死亡配体-1表达阴性或阳性,试验组患者的pCR均显著高于对
照组(P<0.05);试验组淋巴结阳性患者的pCR显著高于对照组(P<0.05),而两组淋巴结阴性患者的pCR比较,差异无统计学意
义(P=0.09)。结论 免疫检查点抑制剂联合新辅助化疗能显著改善早期三阴性乳腺癌患者的无事件生存期和总生存期,患者可
获得长期生存获益,但≥3级AE、SAE、≥3级irAE的发生风险有所增加。
关键词 新辅助化疗;早期三阴性乳腺癌;免疫检查点抑制剂;PD-L1抑制剂;PD-1抑制剂;疗效;安全性
Efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors combined with neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the
treatment of early triple-negative breast cancer: a meta-analysis
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YANG Zhixuan ,LI Shuo ,WANG Peiyuan ,QIE Hongxin ,GONG Wenlin ,GAO Xiaonan ,GAO Jinglin ,
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WANG Mingxia (1. Dept. of Clinical Pharmacology, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University,
Shijiazhuang 050011, China;2. Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Drug
Resistance, Shijiazhuang 050011, China)
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) combined with
neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the treatment of early triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). METHODS Randomized controlled trials
(RCTs) comparing ICIs combined with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (experimental group) versus neoadjuvant chemotherapy alone
(control group) were retrieved from PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang Data, and VIP
databases, as well as relevant studies published at oncology academic conferences. The search period was from database inception
to June 30, 2025. After literature screening, data extraction, and quality assessment, a meta-analysis was performed by using
RevMan 5.4 software. RESULTS A total of 6 RCTs involving 3 786 patients were finally included. The meta-analysis results
showed that the experimental group had superior event-free survival [HR=0.73, 95%CI (0.62, 0.85), P<0.000 1], overall
survival [HR=0.69, 95%CI (0.57, 0.84), P=0.000 3], and pathological complete response (pCR) [OR=1.57, 95%CI (1.37,
1.80), P<0.000 01] compared to the control group. The incidence of ≥grade 3 adverse event (AE), severe AE (SAE), and ≥
grade 3 immune-related adverse event (irAE) in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group.
There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in the incidence of any AE or any irAE (P>0.05).
Subgroup analysis revealed that, regardless of programmed
Δ 基金项目 河 北 省 重 点 研 发 计 划 生 物 医 药 创 新 专 项(No.
cell death ligand 1 expression status (negative or positive),
23377707D)
* 第一作者 硕 士 研 究 生 。 研 究 方 向 :临 床 药 学 。 E-mail: the pCR in the experimental group was significantly higher
24034100642@stu.hebmu.edu.cn than that in the control group (P<0.05). Additionally, the
# 通信作者 主任药师,博士。研究方向:肿瘤药物临床药理学。 pCR of the patients with positive lymph nodes in the
E-mail:46700792@hebmu.edu.cn experimental group was significantly higher to that in the
· 238 · China Pharmacy 2026 Vol. 37 No. 2 中国药房 2026年第37卷第2期

