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ICIs 联合新辅助化疗用于早期三阴性乳腺癌疗效与安全性的

          Meta分析
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          杨芷轩 ,李 硕 ,王培源 ,郄宏鑫 ,巩文琳 ,高笑男 ,高敬林 ,王明霞 (1.河北医科大学第四医院临床药
          理研究部,石家庄 050011;2.河北省肿瘤微环境与耐药重点实验室,石家庄 050011)
          中图分类号  R979.1      文献标志码  A      文章编号  1001-0408(2026)02-0238-06
          DOI  10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2026.02.18
          摘   要  目的  评价免疫检查点抑制剂联合新辅助化疗用于早期三阴性乳腺癌的疗效和安全性。方法  检索 PubMed、Cochrane
          Library、Embase、Web of Science、中国知网、万方数据、维普网以及肿瘤学术会发表的相关研究,收集免疫检查点抑制剂联合新辅
          助化疗(试验组)对比新辅助化疗(对照组)的随机对照试验(RCT),检索时限为建库起至2025年6月30日。筛选文献、资料提取,
          评价质量后,采用RevMan 5.4软件进行Meta分析。结果  最终纳入6项RCT,共计3 786例患者。Meta分析结果显示,试验组患者
          的无事件生存期[HR=0.73,95%CI(0.62,0.85),P<0.000 1]、总生存期[HR=0.69,95%CI(0.57,0.84),P=0.000 3]、病理完全缓解
          率(pCR)[OR=1.57,95%CI(1.37,1.80),P<0.000 01]均显著高于对照组。试验组患者的≥3级不良事件(AE)发生率、严重不良事
          件(SAE)发生率、≥3级免疫相关不良事件(irAE)发生率均显著高于对照组;两组患者的任意AE发生率和任意irAE发生率比较,
          差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。亚组分析结果显示,无论程序性死亡配体-1表达阴性或阳性,试验组患者的pCR均显著高于对
          照组(P<0.05);试验组淋巴结阳性患者的pCR显著高于对照组(P<0.05),而两组淋巴结阴性患者的pCR比较,差异无统计学意
          义(P=0.09)。结论  免疫检查点抑制剂联合新辅助化疗能显著改善早期三阴性乳腺癌患者的无事件生存期和总生存期,患者可
          获得长期生存获益,但≥3级AE、SAE、≥3级irAE的发生风险有所增加。
          关键词  新辅助化疗;早期三阴性乳腺癌;免疫检查点抑制剂;PD-L1抑制剂;PD-1抑制剂;疗效;安全性


          Efficacy  and  safety  of  immune  checkpoint  inhibitors  combined  with  neoadjuvant  chemotherapy  in  the
          treatment of early triple-negative breast cancer: a meta-analysis
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          YANG Zhixuan ,LI Shuo ,WANG Peiyuan ,QIE Hongxin ,GONG Wenlin ,GAO Xiaonan ,GAO Jinglin ,
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          WANG Mingxia (1.  Dept.  of  Clinical  Pharmacology,  the  Fourth  Hospital  of  Hebei  Medical  University,
          Shijiazhuang  050011,  China;2.  Hebei  Provincial  Key  Laboratory  of  Tumor  Microenvironment  and  Drug
          Resistance, Shijiazhuang 050011, China)
          ABSTRACT    OBJECTIVE  To  evaluate  the  efficacy  and  safety  of  immune  checkpoint  inhibitors (ICIs)  combined  with
          neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the treatment of early triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). METHODS Randomized controlled trials
         (RCTs)  comparing  ICIs  combined  with  neoadjuvant  chemotherapy (experimental  group)  versus  neoadjuvant  chemotherapy  alone
         (control  group)  were  retrieved  from  PubMed,  Cochrane  Library,  Embase,  Web  of  Science,  CNKI,  Wanfang  Data,  and  VIP
          databases,  as  well  as  relevant  studies  published  at  oncology  academic  conferences. The  search  period  was  from  database  inception
          to  June  30,  2025.  After  literature  screening,  data  extraction,  and  quality  assessment,  a  meta-analysis  was  performed  by  using
          RevMan  5.4  software.  RESULTS  A  total  of  6  RCTs  involving  3  786  patients  were  finally  included.  The  meta-analysis  results
          showed  that  the  experimental  group  had  superior  event-free  survival  [HR=0.73,  95%CI (0.62,  0.85),  P<0.000  1],  overall
          survival  [HR=0.69,  95%CI (0.57,  0.84),  P=0.000  3],  and  pathological  complete  response (pCR)  [OR=1.57,  95%CI (1.37,
          1.80), P<0.000 01] compared to the control group. The incidence of ≥grade 3 adverse event (AE), severe AE (SAE), and ≥
          grade  3  immune-related  adverse  event (irAE)  in  the  experimental  group  was  significantly  higher  than  that  in  the  control  group.
          There  was  no  statistically  significant  difference  between  the  two  groups  in  the  incidence  of  any  AE  or  any  irAE (P>0.05).
                                                              Subgroup  analysis  revealed  that,  regardless  of  programmed
              Δ 基金项目 河 北 省 重 点 研 发 计 划 生 物 医 药 创 新 专 项(No.
                                                              cell  death  ligand  1  expression  status (negative  or  positive),
          23377707D)
             * 第一作者 硕 士 研 究 生 。 研 究 方 向 :临 床 药 学 。 E-mail:    the  pCR  in  the  experimental  group  was  significantly  higher
          24034100642@stu.hebmu.edu.cn                        than  that  in  the  control  group (P<0.05).  Additionally,  the
              # 通信作者 主任药师,博士。研究方向:肿瘤药物临床药理学。                  pCR  of  the  patients  with  positive  lymph  nodes  in  the
          E-mail:46700792@hebmu.edu.cn                        experimental  group  was  significantly  higher  to  that  in  the


          · 238 ·    China Pharmacy  2026 Vol. 37  No. 2                               中国药房  2026年第37卷第2期
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