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肺炎支原体肺炎患儿药物治疗安全性的主动监测及影响因素

          研究
                 Δ


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          王月峰 ,高 强 ,秦 柯(1.新乡市中心医院/河南医药大学第四临床学院药学部,河南 新乡 453000;2.新乡
          市食品药品检验所,河南 新乡 453000)
          中图分类号  R978.1;R969.3      文献标志码  A      文章编号  1001-0408(2025)22-2838-07
          DOI  10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2025.22.15

          摘   要  目的  分析肺炎支原体肺炎(MPP)患儿药品不良反应(ADR)的发生情况,并探讨其影响因素。方法  从医院信息系统提
          取2023年10月1日-2024年9月30日新乡市中心医院(简称“我院”)收治的MPP患儿的病历资料,使用全面触发工具(GTT)进行
          回顾性审查,对触发器阳性患儿进行ADR判定,并分析其ADR发生特点。将患儿分为发生ADR组和未发生ADR组,通过单因素
          分析、多因素 Logistic 回归分析探讨 MPP 患儿发生 ADR 的潜在影响因素。结果  共纳入 MPP 患儿 1 325 例;设计触发器条目 24
          项,其中14项检出阳性,触发器阳性率为58.3%;触发器阳性1 301例次,所涉患儿846例;经判定,372例患儿发生399例次ADR,
          触发器阳性预测值为 30.7%。ADR 以血细胞异常(230 例次,57.6%)、皮肤及其附件损害(78 例次,19.5%)和胃肠系统损害(42 例
          次,10.5%)为主,分别多发生在用药后4 d及以上、2~3 d、2~3 d;好发于>3~10岁患儿(295例,79.3%);与ADR发生相关的药品
          主要有静脉用激素药物(209频次)、头孢菌素类药物(180频次)、大环内酯类药物(38频次)、四环素类药物(28频次)和中药注射剂
         (28频次)。ADR类型中,严重的有1例次,一般的有394例次,新的有4例次;与药物的因果关系中,肯定的有1例次,很可能的有
          19例次,可能的有379例次;ADR结局中,痊愈的有151例次,不详的有248例次。单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析显示,过敏史
          [比值比=5.231,95%置信区间(2.004,13.656),P<0.05]、药物使用数量[比值比=1.064,95%置信区间(1.027,1.103),P<0.05]、静
          脉使用激素[比值比=3.223,95%置信区间(2.341,4.437),P<0.05]是MPP患儿ADR发生的独立危险因素,阿奇霉素的使用[比值
          比=0.544,95% 置信区间(0.376,0.786),P<0.05]为 MPP 患儿 ADR 发生的独立保护因素。结论  我院 MPP 患儿 ADR 发生率较
          高,主要包括血细胞异常、皮肤及其附件损害、胃肠系统损害;过敏史、药物使用数量、静脉使用激素、使用阿奇霉素与MPP 患儿
          ADR的发生相关。
          关键词  肺炎支原体肺炎;儿童;药品不良反应;安全性;影响因素


          Active surveillance of drug safety and influential factors in pediatric patients with Mycoplasma pneumoniae
          pneumonia
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          WANG Yuefeng ,GAO Qiang ,QIN Ke(1.  Dept.  of  Pharmacy,  Xinxiang  Central  Hospital/the  Fourth  Clinical
          College of Henan Medical University, Henan Xinxiang 453000, China;2. Xinxiang Institute for Food and Drug
          Control, Henan Xinxiang 453000, China)
          ABSTRACT    OBJECTIVE  To  analyze  adverse  drug  reactions (ADRs)  in  pediatric  patients  with  Mycoplasma  pneumoniae
          pneumonia (MPP), and investigate the influential factors associated with the occurrence of ADRs. METHODS Clinical records of
          pediatric  patients  with  MPP  in  Xinxiang  Central  Hospital (hereinafter  referred  to  as “our  hospital”)  from  Oct.  1st,  2023  to  Sept.
          30th, 2024 collected from the Hospital Information System  were retrospectively reviewed using the global trigger tool (GTT). The
          positive  triggers  were  further  reviewed  to  confirm  the  occurrence  of ADRs,  and  the  characteristics  of  those ADRs  were  analyzed.
          The  children  were  divided  into  the  ADR  group  and  the  non-ADR  group.  Univariate  analysis  and  multivariate  Logistic  regression
          analysis were performed to investigate the potential influential factors for ADRs in MPP children. RESULTS A total of 1 325 MPP
          children  were  included.  Out  of  24  designed  triggers,  14  were  positive,  with  a  positive  trigger  rate  of  58.3%.  There  were  1  301
          positive  trigger  cases,  involving  846  pediatric  patients.  After  assessment,  399  cases  of  ADRs  were  identified  in  372  pediatric
          patients, yielding a positive predictive value of triggers at 30.7%. The main types of ADRs were abnormal blood cells (230 cases,
          57.6%),  skin  and  its  appendages  damage (78  cases,  19.5%),  and  gastrointestinal  system  damage (42  cases,  10.5%),  which
                                                              predominantly  occurred  4  days  or  more,  within  2-3  days  and
              Δ 基金项目 河南省医学科技攻关计划项目(No.LHGJ20250855);
                                                              within  2-3  days  after  medication,  respectively.  They  were
          河南省市场监督管理局科技计划项目(No.HNSCJK2025124)
             * 第一作者 副 主 任 药 师 。 研 究 方 向 :医 院 药 学 。 E-mail:    more  prevalent  in  pediatric  patients  aged>3-10  years (295
          wangyuefeng523@163.com                              cases,  79.3%).  The  major  categories  of  drugs  associated  with


          · 2838 ·    China Pharmacy  2025 Vol. 36  No. 22                            中国药房  2025年第36卷第22期
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