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脑震宁干预外周血来源外泌体对小胶质细胞诱导的神经元损伤
的影响
Δ
#
*
高 丽 ,赵 乐,武立雅,张唯依,李 难,魏楠楠,王永辉(山西中医药大学基础医学院,山西 晋中 030619)
中图分类号 R965;R285.5 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408(2025)19-2393-06
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2025.19.06
摘 要 目的 研究脑震宁干预外周血来源外泌体(Exo)对小胶质细胞 BV-2 诱导的神经元细胞 HT22 损伤的影响。方法 选取
Wistar大鼠制备脑震宁(66.83 g/kg)干预外周血来源Exo(即NZN-Exo),同法制备生理盐水和吡拉西坦(1.62 g/kg)干预外周血来
源Exo(即KB-Exo、PLXT-Exo),并进行鉴定。以1 μg/mL脂多糖(LPS)刺激BV-2细胞,制备经LPS刺激的上清液(同法制备未经
LPS 刺激的上清液)。将 HT22 细胞分为 KB-Exo 组(未经 LPS 刺激的上清液+KB-Exo)、模型组(即 model 组,经 LPS 刺激的上清
液+KB-Exo)、PLXT-Exo组(经LPS刺激的上清液+PLXT-Exo)和NZN-Exo组(经LPS刺激的上清液+NZN-Exo),相应Exo的质量
浓度均为50 μg/mL。培养24 h后,检测HT22细胞增殖情况(采用CCK-8法和EdU法),检测HT22细胞凋亡情况,观察HT22细胞
超微结构,检测HT22细胞中白细胞介素1β(IL-1β)、IL-10、核因子κB(NF-κB)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)含量,以及TNF-α、NOD
样受体热蛋白结构域相关蛋白3(NLRP3)、胱天蛋白酶1(Caspase-1)、B细胞淋巴瘤2(Bcl-2)、Bcl-2相关X蛋白(Bax)的蛋白表达
情况。结果 本研究成功制备 KB-Exo、PLXT-Exo、NZN-Exo,各 Exo 均呈现出较为典型的“杯状”轮廓和膜结构“包裹”特征。与
KB-Exo组相比,model组的细胞增殖率(CCK-8法和EdU法)、细胞中IL-10含量和Bcl-2蛋白表达水平均显著降低(P<0.05);细胞
凋亡率和细胞中IL-1β、TNF-α、NF-κB含量以及NLRP3、TNF-α、Caspase-1、Bax蛋白表达水平均显著升高(P<0.05);细胞体积膨
胀,细胞膜不完整,核仁破裂,线粒体明显肿胀变形,空泡化严重。与model组相比,PLXT-Exo组、NZN-Exo组细胞上述定量指标
均显著逆转(P<0.05);细胞核大而圆,核膜完整,线粒体空泡化减少。结论 脑震宁干预外周血来源Exo可通过抑制炎症反应和
细胞凋亡,减轻小胶质细胞诱导的神经元细胞HT22损伤。
关键词 脑震宁;小胶质细胞;神经元细胞;外泌体;凋亡;炎症
Effects of peripheral blood-derived exosomes intervened by Naozhenning on injury of neuron induced by
microglia
GAO Li,ZHAO Le,WU Liya,ZHANG Weiyi,LI Nan,WEI Nannan,WANG Yonghui(College of Basic Medical
Science, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Shanxi Jinzhong 030619, China)
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To study the effects of peripheral blood-derived exosomes (Exo) intervened by Naozhenning (NZN)
on injury of neuron cells HT22 induced by microglia BV-2 cells. METHODS Wistar rats were selected to prepare peripheral blood-
derived Exo intervened by NZN (66.83 g/kg), referred to as NZN-Exo; peripheral blood-derived Exo intervened by normal saline
and piracetam (PLXT, 1.62 g/kg) were prepared using the same method, denoted as KB-Exo and PLXT-Exo respectively, and all
Exo were subsequently identified. Meanwhile, BV-2 cells were stimulated with 1 μg/mL lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to prepare LPS-
stimulated supernatant, and non-LPS-stimulated supernatant was prepared following the same protocol. HT22 cells were divided into
four groups: KB-Exo group (treated with non-LPS-stimulated supernatant+KB-Exo), model group (treated with LPS-stimulated
supernatant+KB-Exo), PLXT-Exo group (treated with LPS-stimulated supernatant+PLXT-Exo), and NZN-Exo group (treated with
LPS-stimulated supernatant+NZN-Exo), with the concentration of the corresponding Exo in all groups being 50 μg/mL. After 24
hours of culture, the proliferation of HT22 cells was detected by the CCK-8 assay and EdU assay; the apoptosis of HT22 cells was
detected; the microstructure of HT22 cells was observed; the contents of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-10, nuclear factor-κB (NF-
κB), and tumor necrosis factor- α (TNF- α) in HT22 cells
Δ 基金项目 国家自然科学基金项目(No.82104972);山西省基础 were measured, as well as the expression levels of TNF- α,
研究计划项目(No.202403021211146);山西省中医药管理局科研课题 NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3
(No.2024ZYYB041);山西中医药大学博士科研启动基金项目(No. (NLRP3), Caspase-1, B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), and Bcl-2-
2022BK019);山西中医药大学科技创新能力培育计划项目(No.
associated X protein (Bax). RESULTS KB-Exo, PLXT-Exo
2023PY-YS-03);山西省重点实验室建设项目(No.zyyyjs2024023) and NZN-Exo were successfully prepared, and all Exo
*第一作者 副教授,硕士生导师,博士。研究方向:方剂的现代药
exhibited typical cup-shaped contours and membrane-enclosed
理作用及其物质基础。E-mail:342014263@qq.com
# 通信作者 教授,硕士生导师,博士。研究方向:中药药理与方剂 characteristics. Compared with KB-Exo group, model group
配伍作用研究。E-mail:wyh766188@sina.com showed significantly decreased cell proliferation rates (detected
中国药房 2025年第36卷第19期 China Pharmacy 2025 Vol. 36 No. 19 · 2393 ·

