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肾移植患者伏立康唑血药谷浓度和不良反应的影响因素分析
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          孙秀漫 ,曾彩芳,邓忠斌,石丽娟,石玉莹,陈靖雯,杨佳彬(广州医科大学附属第二医院药剂科,广州
          511447)

          中图分类号  R969      文献标志码  A      文章编号  1001-0408(2025)18-2301-06
          DOI  10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2025.18.15

          摘  要  目的  分析肾移植患者伏立康唑血药谷浓度和不良反应的影响因素。方法  回顾性分析2022年1月-2023年8月我院使
          用伏立康唑并进行血药浓度监测的住院患者资料,按是否接受肾移植分为肾移植组和非肾移植组。采用倾向性评分匹配(PSM)
          法以1∶1比例均衡两组的基线差异。比较两组患者的伏立康唑血药谷浓度及达标率、临床疗效及不良反应发生情况。采用多重
          线性回归模型(后退法)分析肾移植组患者伏立康唑血药谷浓度的影响因素;采用单因素分析和二元Logistic回归分析确定影响肾
          移植患者发生不良反应的独立危险因素。结果  PSM后,两组各纳入48例患者。两组患者的伏立康唑平均血药谷浓度、达标率、
          有效率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);肾移植组患者的不良反应总发生率显著高于非肾移植组(P<0.05)。多重线性回归
          模型分析结果显示,年龄、平均日剂量、肺部感染、用药期间总胆红素、首日负荷剂量、使用原研药、合用免疫抑制剂和发生不良反
          应是影响肾移植患者伏立康唑血药谷浓度的因素(P<0.05)。二元 Logistic 回归分析结果显示,用药期间直接胆红素异常[比值
          比=7.747,95%置信区间(1.334,45.005),P=0.023]是肾移植患者使用伏立康唑后发生不良反应的独立危险因素。结论  年龄、平
          均日剂量、肺部感染、使用原研药、首日负荷剂量、用药期间总胆红素、合用免疫抑制剂和发生不良反应是影响肾移植患者伏立康
          唑血药谷浓度的因素,用药期间直接胆红素异常者较易发生不良反应。
          关键词  伏立康唑;肾移植患者;血药谷浓度;药物不良反应

          Analysis  of  factors  influencing  the  trough  concentration  of  voriconazole  and  adverse  drug  reactions  in
          renal transplant patients
          SUN Xiuman,ZENG Caifang,DENG Zhongbin,SHI Lijuan,SHI Yuying,CHEN Jingwen,YANG Jiabin(Dept. of
          Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511447, China)

          ABSTRACT   OBJECTIVE  To  analyze  the  influencing  factors  of  voriconazole  trough  concentration  and  adverse  drug  reactions
         (ADR) in renal transplant recipients. METHODS Data from inpatients who received voriconazole and therapeutic drug monitoring
          in  our  hospital  between  January  2022  and  August  2023  were  retrospectively  analyzed.  Patients  were  divided  into  renal  transplant
          group and non-renal transplant group based on transplantation status. A 1∶1 propensity score matching (PSM) method was used to
          balance  differences  in  baselines  between  the  two  groups.  Voriconazole  trough  concentrations,  target  attainment  rate,  clinical
          efficacy, and ADR were compared between the two groups. Multiple linear regression (backward) was used to analyze the factors
          influencing voriconazole trough concentrations in the renal transplant group. Univariate analysis and binary Logistic regression were
          used to identify independent risk factors for ADR in the renal transplant group. RESULTS After PSM, 48 patients were included in
          each group. There were no statistically significant differences in the mean voriconazole trough concentration, target attainment rate
          or  efficacy  rate  between  the  two  groups (P>0.05).  The  total  incidence  of  ADR  was  significantly  higher  in  the  renal  transplant
          group  than  in  the  non-renal  transplant  group (P<0.05).  Multiple  linear  regression  analysis  showed  that  age,  average  daily  dose,
          pulmonary  infection,  total  bilirubin  during  medication,  day-1  loading  dose,  use  of  the  original  drug,  concomitant
          immunosuppressant  use,  and  the  occurrence  of ADR  were  factors  influencing  voriconazole  trough  concentration  in  renal  transplant
          patients (P<0.05).  Binary  Logistic  regression  analysis  showed  that  abnormal  direct  bilirubin  during  medication  [OR=7.747,
          95%CI (1.334,  45.005),  P=0.023]  was  an  independent  risk  factor  for  ADR  in  renal  transplant  patients  receiving  voriconazole.
          CONCLUSIONS  Age,  average  daily  dose,  pulmonary  infection,  use  of  the  original  drug,  day-1  loading  dose,  total  bilirubin
                                                             during  medication,  concomitant  immunosuppressant  use,  and
             Δ 基金项目 广东省医学科研基金立项项目(No.B2022028);广东
                                                             the  occurrence  of  ADR  are  the  factors  influencing  voriconazole
          省医院药学研究基金(澳美基金)(No.2023A18);《药事管理模式创新
                                                             trough  concentration  in  renal  transplant  patients.  Furthermore,
          与药物临床综合评价研究》专项课题(No.2022-ZXKT041-11号)
             *第一作者 主管药师,硕士。研究方向:治疗药物监测。E-mail:               patients  with  abnormal  direct  bilirubin  during  medication  are
          992322182@qq.com                                   more susceptible to ADR.
             #  通信作者 主 管 药 师 。 研 究 方 向 :临 床 药 学 。 E-mail:    KEYWORDS     voriconazole;  renal  transplant  patients;  trough
          49393444@qq.com                                    concentration; adverse drug reaction


          中国药房  2025年第36卷第18期                                              China Pharmacy  2025 Vol. 36  No. 18    · 2301 ·
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