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基于肠道菌群和代谢组学的芜菁多糖改善小鼠酒精性肝损伤机

          制研究
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          马鑫莹 ,许瑞娜 ,李勺玄 ,叶瑞银 ,马越兴 ,叶耀辉 (1.江西中医药大学药学院,南昌 330004;2.南昌
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          医学院药学院,南昌 330052)
          中图分类号  R285      文献标志码  A      文章编号  1001-0408(2025)16-2005-07
          DOI  10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2025.16.09
          摘  要  目的  研究芜菁多糖(BRP)对酒精性肝损伤小鼠肝组织中 Toll 样受体 4(TLR4)/髓样分化因子 88(MyD88)/核因子 κB
         (NF-κB)、AMP活化蛋白激酶(AMPK)/固醇调节元件结合蛋白1c(SREBP-1c)信号通路,肠道菌群和肝脏代谢的影响,初步阐明
          其改善酒精性肝损伤的机制。方法  将 72 只小鼠随机分为空白组(生理盐水)、模型组(生理盐水)、联苯双酯组(阳性对照,300
          mg/kg)和BRP低、中、高剂量组(75、150、300 mg/kg),每天灌胃给药1次,连续9 d。末次给药后,除空白组外的其余各组小鼠均灌
          胃白酒建立酒精性肝损伤模型。检测小鼠血清中丙氨酸转氨酶、天冬氨酸转氨酶以及肝组织中总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋
          白胆固醇、白细胞介素6、白细胞介素1β、肿瘤坏死因子α、脂多糖水平和TLR4、MyD88、NF-κB p65、磷酸化NF-κB p65(p-NF-κB
          65)、AMPK、磷酸化AMPK(p-AMPK)、SREBP-1c的蛋白表达水平;观察肝组织和结肠组织病理形态学变化。利用16S rRNA技术
          检测小鼠肠道菌群的变化,利用代谢组学技术检测肝脏代谢物的变化。结果  与模型组比较,BRP各剂量组小鼠上述生化指标和
          肝组织中TLR4、MyD88、p-NF-κB p65、SREBP-1c的蛋白表达水平均显著降低(P<0.05或P<0.01),p-AMPK的蛋白表达水平均
          显著升高(P<0.05或P<0.01);肝组织和结肠组织病理损伤均显著改善。中剂量BRP可在一定程度上升高小鼠肠道内容物中艾
          克曼菌属、norank_f_Muribaculaceae、Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group等的相对丰度,降低乳杆菌属的相对丰度和大肠埃希菌属-
          志贺菌属的相对丰度;代谢组学共鉴定出尿黑酸、肉豆蔻酰溶血磷脂酰胆碱等 9 个差异代谢物,涉及酪氨酸代谢等通路。结论
          BRP可回调有益菌群的相对丰度、降低有害菌群的相对丰度,改善肠道菌群结构,减少促炎介质脂多糖进入肝组织,影响肝脏中酪
          氨酸代谢等代谢通路和TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB、AMPK/SREBP-1c信号通路的表达,最终改善酒精性肝损伤。
          关键词  酒精性肝损伤;芜菁多糖;肠道菌群;代谢组学

          Study on the mechanism of Brassica rapa polysaccharide in improving alcoholic liver injury of mice based
          on intestinal microbiota and metabolomics
          MA Xinying ,XU Ruina ,LI Shaoxuan ,YE Ruiyin ,MA Yuexing ,YE Yaohui (1.  School  of  Pharmacy,
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          Jiangxi  University  of  Chinese  Medicine,  Nanchang  330004,  China;2.  School  of  Pharmacy,  Nanchang  Medical
          College, Nanchang 330052, China)
          ABSTRACT   OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of Brassica rapa polysaccharide (BRP) on the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/
          myeloid  differentiation  factor  88 (MyD88)/nuclear  factor-κB (NF-κB), AMP-activated  protein  kinase (AMPK)/sterol  regulatory
          element-binding  protein-1c (SREBP-1c)  pathways,  intestinal  microbiota  and  liver  metabolism  of  mice  with  alcoholic  liver  injury,
          and  preliminarily  elucidate  its  mechanism  for  improving  alcoholic  liver  injury.  METHODS  Seventy-two  mice  were  randomly
          divided into  blank  group (normal saline),  model group (normal saline),  bifendate group (positive control,  300  mg/kg)  and  BRP
          low-,  medium-  and  high-dose  groups (75,  150  and  300  mg/kg). They  were  given  relevant  medicine  intragastrically,  once  a  day,
          for  consecutive  9  d.  After  the  last  administration,  mice  in  all  groups  except  the  blank  group  were  gavaged  with  white  liquor  to
          establish  an  alcoholic  liver  injury  model.  The  levels  of  alanine  aminotransferase  and  aspartate  aminotransferase  in  serum,  total
          cholesterol,  triglycerides,  low-density  lipoprotein  cholesterol,  interleukin-6,  interleukin-1β,  tumor  necrosis  factor- α  and
          lipopolysaccharide,  as  well  as  protein  expressions  of  TLR4,  MyD88,  NF-κB  p65,  phosphorylated  NF-κB  p65 (p-NF-κB  p65),
          AMPK,  phosphorylated AMPK (p-AMPK),  and  SREBP-1c  were  all  detected;  pathological  morphological  changes  of  liver  tissue
                                                             and  colon  were  observed.  16S  rRNA  was  used  to  detect  the
             Δ  基金项目 新 疆 维 吾 尔 自 治 区 重 点 研 发 计 划 项 目(No.     changes  of  intestinal  microbiota  in  mice,  and  metabolomics
          2022B02058)                                        technology was used to detect the changes of liver metabolites.
             *第一作者 硕士研究生。研究方向:中药资源开发与利用。E-
                                                             RESULTS  Compared  with  model  group,  the  above
          mail:473172049@qq.com
             # 通信作者 教授,博士生导师,博士。研究方向:中药资源与中药                 biochemical  indicators  and  the  protein  expressions  of  TLR4,
          炮制。E-mail:55925368@qq.com                          MyD88,  p-NF- κB  p65,  and  SREBP-1c  in  liver  tissues  were


          中国药房  2025年第36卷第16期                                              China Pharmacy  2025 Vol. 36  No. 16    · 2005 ·
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