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          直接口服抗凝药用于肿瘤相关静脉血栓预防的临床综合评价体
          系研究
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          吴 玥    1, 2* ,沈秉正 ,张 帆 ,曾俊芬 ,刘妍灼 ,刘 刚 ,周本宏 (1.武汉大学人民医院药学部,武
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          汉 430060;2.武汉大学药学院,武汉 430070)
          中图分类号  R973+.2      文献标志码  A      文章编号  1001-0408(2025)11-1384-05
          DOI  10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2025.11.17
          摘   要  目的  构建直接口服抗凝药(DOACs)用于肿瘤相关静脉血栓栓塞(CAVTE)预防的临床综合评价体系,为CAVTE的合理
          防治、抗凝药物宏观管理策略的制定及调整提供支持和参考。方法  通过文献检索,收集整理评价指标,初步建立指标池;以指标
          重要性评分均值≥3.5及变异系数(CV)<0.25为筛选指标,通过两轮德尔菲法开展评价指标遴选,采用层次分析法(AHP)最终明
          确指标权重。结果  两轮专家咨询的权威程度(Cr )分别为0.877、0.943,CV分别为0.24、0.18,Kendall协调系数分别为0.331、0.535
         (P<0.05)。经两轮专家咨询论证,最终将6个一级指标及46个二级指标纳入评价体系。一级指标及权重排序依次为“有效性”
         (38.86%)、“安全性”(38.86%)、“经济性”(10.67%)、“可及性”(5.51%)、“适宜性”(3.48%)、“创新性”(2.64%)。二级指标组合权重
          范围为0.02%~20.25%,排前5位的依次为“颅内大出血发生率”(20.25%)、“全因死亡风险的降低”(15.29%)、“肺栓塞发生率的降
          低”(8.82%)、“深静脉血栓发生率的降低”(7.25%)和“药物使用禁忌证”(4.74%)。结论  本研究建立了权威、科学、可靠的DOACs
          用于CAVTE预防的药品临床综合评价体系。
          关键词  直接口服抗凝药;肿瘤相关静脉血栓;临床综合评价;德尔菲专家咨询;层次分析法

          Clinical  comprehensive  evaluation  framework  for  direct  oral  anticoagulants  in  the  prevention  of  cancer-
          associated venous thromboembolism
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          WU Yue ,SHEN Bingzheng ,ZHANG Fan ,ZENG Junfen ,LIU Yanzhuo ,LIU Gang ,ZHOU
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          Benhong (1.  Dept.  of  Pharmacy,  Renmin  Hospital  of Wuhan  University, Wuhan  430060,  China;2.  School  of
          Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430070, China)
          ABSTRACT    OBJECTIVE  To  establish  a  clinical  comprehensive  evaluation  framework  for  direct  oral  anticoagulants (DOACs)
          in  the  prevention  of  cancer-associated  venous  thromboembolism (CAVTE),  providing  a  methodological  reference  for  the  rational
          prevention and treatment of CAVTE as well as for the formulation and adjustment of macro-management strategies for anticoagulant
          drugs.  METHODS  Through  literature  retrieval,  evaluation  indicators  were  collected  and  organized  to  establish  a  preliminary
          indicator  pool. The  selection  of  evaluation  indicators  was  carried  out  through  two  rounds  of  Delphi  surveys  using  average  score  of
          indicator  importance≥3.5  and  a  coefficient  of  variation (CV)  <0.25  as  the  screening  criteria. Analytic  hierarchy  process (AHP)
          was employed to finalize the indicator weights. RESULTS The authority levels (Cr ) of the two rounds of expert consultations were
          0.877  and  0.943,  with  CV  of  0.24  and  0.18,  respectively. The  Kendall  concordance  coefficients  were  0.331  and  0.535 (P<0.05).
          After  expert  validation,  six  primary  indicators  and  forty-six  secondary  indicators  were  finalized  for  inclusion  in  the  evaluation
          framework. The primary indicators and their weightings, ranked in descending order, were as follows: “effectiveness” (38.86%),
         “safety” (38.86%), “cost-effectiveness” (10.67%), “accessibility” (5.51%), “suitability” (3.48%),  and “innovation” (2.64%).
          The secondary indicators exhibited a weight range from 0.02% to 20.25%, with the top five secondary indicators being: “incidence
          of  intracranial  hemorrhage” (20.25%), “reduction  in  all-cause  mortality” (15.29%), “decrease  in  the  incidence  of  pulmonary
          embolism” (8.82%), “reduction  in  the  incidence  of  deep  vein  thrombosis” (7.25%),  and “drug  contraindications” (4.74%).
                                                              CONCLUSIONS  This  study  has  established  an  authoritative,
              Δ 基金项目 国家卫生健康委医院管理研究所医院药学高质量发                   scientific,  and  reliable  comprehensive  clinical  evaluation
          展研究项目(No.NIHAYS2432);湖北省卫生健康委科研项目(No.               framework for the use of DOACs in the prevention of CAVTE.
          WJ2023F026)                                         KEYWORDS    direct  oral  anticoagulants;  cancer-associated
             *第一作者 副主任药师,博士。研究方向:医院药学、临床药学。                   venous  thromboembolism;  comprehensive  clinical  evaluation;
          E-mail:maymoon@whu.edu.cn                           Delphi expert consultation; analytic hierarchy process
              # 通信作者 主任药师,教授,博士生导师,博士。研究方向:临床
          药学、天然药物化学。E-mail:benhongzh@163.com


          · 1384 ·    China Pharmacy  2025 Vol. 36  No. 11                            中国药房  2025年第36卷第11期
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