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槐花、槐米炒炭过程的成分变化及其“炒炭存性”表征研究
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徐春梦 1, 2* ,刘 占 ,张倩倩 ,卢 琪 ,戴衍朋 ,张学兰 ,石典花 (1. 山东中医药大学药学院,济南
250355;2.山东现代学院药学院,济南 250104;3.山东第一医科大学附属职业病医院职业健康查体中心,
济南 250062;4.山东省中医药研究院,济南 250014;5.国家中医药管理局中药蜜制和制炭炮制技术与原理
重点研究室,济南 250014)
中图分类号 R283;R917 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408(2024)21-2622-07
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2024.21.08
摘 要 目的 探究槐花、槐米炒炭过程中的化学成分变化,并表征其“炒炭存性”。方法 分别制备槐花、槐米的炒轻炭、炒适中
炭、炒重炭样品。建立槐花、槐米生品及其不同炒制程度炭品的高效液相色谱指纹图谱,并指认共有峰;采用高效液相色谱法测定
指认成分的含量并进行差异分析;采用化学计量学方法筛选差异性成分,以差异性成分的含量比值表征槐花、槐米的“炒炭存性”。
结果 槐花及其不同炒制程度炭品有9个共有峰,槐米及其不同炒制程度炭品有8个共有峰。槐花、槐米生品及其不同炒制程度炭
品均指认出6个成分,分别为芦丁、山柰酚-3-O-芸香糖苷、异鼠李素-3-O-芸香糖苷、槲皮素、山柰酚、异鼠李素。芦丁、山柰酚-3-O-
芸香糖苷、异鼠李素-3-O-芸香糖苷在槐米炒轻炭样品中的含量最高,槲皮素、异鼠李素在槐米炒适中炭样品中的含量最高,山柰
酚在槐米炒适中炭和炒重炭中的含量较高。化学计量学结果显示,芦丁和槲皮素的变量重要性投影值均大于1。芦丁和槲皮素
的含量比值范围分别在9.00~14.00、3.00~6.00之间可表征槐花、槐米的“炒炭存性”。结论 槐花、槐米生品及其不同炒制程度炭
品间化学成分存在差异;芦丁和槲皮素可能是影响其质量的差异性成分,后续可用两者比值范围表征槐花、槐米的“炒炭存性”。
关键词 槐花;槐米;炒炭;指纹图谱;含量测定;炒炭存性
Composition changes and the characterization of “fried charcoal and saving properties” based on the
carbon-frying process of Sophora japonica and its bud
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XU Chunmeng ,LIU Zhan ,ZHANG Qianqian ,LU Qi ,DAI Yanpeng ,ZHANG Xuelan ,SHI Dianhua 4,5
(1. College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China;
2. College of Pharmacy, Shandong Xiandai University, Jinan 250104, China;3. Occupational Health
Examination Center, Occupational Disease Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250062,
China;4. Shandong Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China;5. Key Research Office of Technique
and Principle of Honey-processing and Carbonizing, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan
250014, China)
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To explore the changes in chemical compositions and the characteristics of “fried charcoal and saving
properties” based on the carbon-frying process of Sophora japonica and its bud. METHODS The slightly, moderately and heavily
carbon-fried samples of S. japonica and its bud were prepared. The fingerprints of S. japonica, its bud and carbon-fried samples
were established, and common peaks were identified. HPLC method was used to determine the contents of identified components
and differential analysis was also performed; the differential components were screened by using chemometric methods, and their
content ratios were used to characterize the “fried charcoal and
Δ 基金项目 国家中医药管理局中药炮制技术传承基地建设项目
(No.国中医药办规财函〔2022〕185号);山东省自然科学基金项目(No. saving properties” of S. japonica and its bud. RESULTS
ZR2023MH114);山东省中医药科技发展计划(No. Z-2022086T);第七 There were 9 common peaks in the fingerprints of S. japonica
批全国老中医药专家学术经验继承项目(No. 国中医药人教函〔2022〕 and its carbon-fried samples, 8 common peaks in those of S.
76号);齐鲁医派中医学术流派传承项目(No.中药蜜制与制炭特色技 japonica bud and its carbon-fried samples. In the fingerprints
术鲁卫函〔2021〕45号) of S. japonica and its bud, and their different fried products, 6
* 第一作者 硕 士 研 究 生 。 研 究 方 向 :中 药 炮 制 。 E-mail:
components were identified, such as rutin, kaempferol-3-O-
wanmeng97@outlook.com
# 通信作者 研究员,硕士生导师,博士。研究方向:中药炮制。 rutinoside, isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside, quercetin, kaempferol,
E-mail:shidianhua81@163.com isorhamnetin. Among them, the contents of rutin, kaempferol-
· 2622 · China Pharmacy 2024 Vol. 35 No. 21 中国药房 2024年第35卷第21期