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槐花、槐米炒炭过程的成分变化及其“炒炭存性”表征研究
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          徐春梦    1, 2* ,刘 占 ,张倩倩 ,卢 琪 ,戴衍朋 ,张学兰 ,石典花 (1. 山东中医药大学药学院,济南
          250355;2.山东现代学院药学院,济南 250104;3.山东第一医科大学附属职业病医院职业健康查体中心,
          济南 250062;4.山东省中医药研究院,济南 250014;5.国家中医药管理局中药蜜制和制炭炮制技术与原理
          重点研究室,济南 250014)
          中图分类号  R283;R917      文献标志码  A      文章编号  1001-0408(2024)21-2622-07
          DOI  10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2024.21.08


          摘   要  目的  探究槐花、槐米炒炭过程中的化学成分变化,并表征其“炒炭存性”。方法  分别制备槐花、槐米的炒轻炭、炒适中
          炭、炒重炭样品。建立槐花、槐米生品及其不同炒制程度炭品的高效液相色谱指纹图谱,并指认共有峰;采用高效液相色谱法测定
          指认成分的含量并进行差异分析;采用化学计量学方法筛选差异性成分,以差异性成分的含量比值表征槐花、槐米的“炒炭存性”。
          结果  槐花及其不同炒制程度炭品有9个共有峰,槐米及其不同炒制程度炭品有8个共有峰。槐花、槐米生品及其不同炒制程度炭
          品均指认出6个成分,分别为芦丁、山柰酚-3-O-芸香糖苷、异鼠李素-3-O-芸香糖苷、槲皮素、山柰酚、异鼠李素。芦丁、山柰酚-3-O-
          芸香糖苷、异鼠李素-3-O-芸香糖苷在槐米炒轻炭样品中的含量最高,槲皮素、异鼠李素在槐米炒适中炭样品中的含量最高,山柰
          酚在槐米炒适中炭和炒重炭中的含量较高。化学计量学结果显示,芦丁和槲皮素的变量重要性投影值均大于1。芦丁和槲皮素
          的含量比值范围分别在9.00~14.00、3.00~6.00之间可表征槐花、槐米的“炒炭存性”。结论  槐花、槐米生品及其不同炒制程度炭
          品间化学成分存在差异;芦丁和槲皮素可能是影响其质量的差异性成分,后续可用两者比值范围表征槐花、槐米的“炒炭存性”。
          关键词  槐花;槐米;炒炭;指纹图谱;含量测定;炒炭存性

          Composition  changes  and  the  characterization  of “fried  charcoal  and  saving  properties”  based  on  the
          carbon-frying process of Sophora japonica and its bud
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          XU Chunmeng ,LIU Zhan ,ZHANG Qianqian ,LU Qi ,DAI Yanpeng ,ZHANG Xuelan ,SHI Dianhua              4,5
         (1.  College  of  Pharmacy,  Shandong  University  of  Traditional  Chinese  Medicine,  Jinan  250355,  China;
          2. College  of  Pharmacy,  Shandong  Xiandai  University,  Jinan  250104,  China;3.  Occupational  Health
          Examination  Center,  Occupational  Disease  Hospital  of  Shandong  First  Medical  University,  Jinan  250062,
          China;4.  Shandong Academy  of  Chinese  Medicine,  Jinan  250014,  China;5.  Key  Research  Office  of Technique
          and Principle of Honey-processing and Carbonizing, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan
          250014, China)

          ABSTRACT    OBJECTIVE To explore the changes in chemical compositions and the characteristics of “fried charcoal and saving
          properties” based on the carbon-frying process of Sophora japonica and its bud. METHODS  The slightly, moderately and heavily
          carbon-fried  samples  of  S.  japonica  and  its  bud  were  prepared.  The  fingerprints  of  S.  japonica,  its  bud  and  carbon-fried  samples
          were  established,  and  common  peaks  were  identified.  HPLC  method  was  used  to  determine  the  contents  of  identified  components
          and  differential  analysis  was  also  performed;  the  differential  components  were  screened  by  using  chemometric  methods,  and  their
                                                              content ratios were used to characterize the “fried charcoal and
              Δ 基金项目 国家中医药管理局中药炮制技术传承基地建设项目
         (No.国中医药办规财函〔2022〕185号);山东省自然科学基金项目(No.              saving  properties”  of  S.  japonica  and  its  bud.  RESULTS
          ZR2023MH114);山东省中医药科技发展计划(No. Z-2022086T);第七        There  were  9  common  peaks  in  the  fingerprints  of  S.  japonica
          批全国老中医药专家学术经验继承项目(No. 国中医药人教函〔2022〕                 and  its  carbon-fried  samples,  8  common  peaks  in  those  of  S.
          76号);齐鲁医派中医学术流派传承项目(No.中药蜜制与制炭特色技                   japonica  bud  and  its  carbon-fried  samples.  In  the  fingerprints
          术鲁卫函〔2021〕45号)                                      of S. japonica and its bud, and their different fried products, 6
             * 第一作者 硕 士 研 究 生 。 研 究 方 向 :中 药 炮 制 。 E-mail:
                                                              components  were  identified,  such  as  rutin,  kaempferol-3-O-
          wanmeng97@outlook.com
              # 通信作者 研究员,硕士生导师,博士。研究方向:中药炮制。                  rutinoside,  isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside,  quercetin,  kaempferol,
          E-mail:shidianhua81@163.com                         isorhamnetin. Among  them,  the  contents  of  rutin,  kaempferol-


          · 2622 ·    China Pharmacy  2024 Vol. 35  No. 21                            中国药房  2024年第35卷第21期
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