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包尔胡特果实的化学成分分析及综合质量评价
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          郭晓宇 ,滕 亮 ,张晓雪 ,贾 乐 ,马桂芝 (1.新疆医科大学药学院,乌鲁木齐 830011;2.新疆医科大学第
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          一附属医院药学部,乌鲁木齐 830054)
          中图分类号  R917      文献标志码  A      文章编号  1001-0408(2024)14-1715-07
          DOI  10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2024.14.07

          摘  要  目的  鉴定包尔胡特果实的化学成分,并建立其指纹图谱和同时测定4种成分含量的方法,以综合评价包尔胡特果实的
          质量。方法  采用超高效液相色谱四极杆-飞行时间串联质谱法鉴定包尔胡特果实中的化学成分。采用高效液相色谱(HPLC)法
          建立 15 批包尔胡特果实(编号 S1~S15)的指纹图谱,并采用 SPSS 26.0 与 SIMCA 14.1 软件进行化学计量学分析;同法测定槲皮
          素、山柰酚、山柰素、大黄素的含量。结果  包尔胡特果实中共鉴定出35种化合物,包括28种黄酮类成分、5种蒽醌类成分、2种有
          机酸类成分;其HPLC指纹图谱中共标定19个共有峰,指认出槲皮素、山柰酚、山柰素和大黄素;15批样品的HPLC指纹图谱与对
          照指纹图谱的相似度均大于0.9。聚类分析结果显示,15批样品聚为2类,其中S1~S5、S7、S9为一类,其余样品为一类,与主成分
          分析结果相同;正交偏最小二乘法-判别分析结果显示,2、6、1、11(槲皮素)、3、14、8、10、19(大黄素)、5号峰的变量重要性投影值均
          大于1。槲皮素、山柰酚、山柰素、大黄素的含量分别为0.710~10.478、0.236~0.660、0.334~3.039、0.261~0.504 mg/g。结论  所建
          化学成分鉴定方法、指纹图谱和含量测定方法简便可行、重复性好,结合化学计量学分析可用于包尔胡特果实质量的综合评价。
          关键词  包尔胡特果实;UPLC-QTOF-MS ;指纹图谱;含量测定;化学成分;质量评价
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          Analysis of chemical constituents and comprehensive quality evaluation of Rhamni Songoricae Fructus
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          GUO Xiaoyu ,TENG Liang ,ZHANG Xiaoxue ,JIA Le ,MA Guizhi(1. College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical
          University,  Urumqi  830011,  China;2.  Dept.  of  Pharmacy,  the  First  Affiliated  Hospital  of  Xinjiang  Medical
          University, Urumqi 830054, China)
          ABSTRACT    OBJECTIVE To identify the chemical constituents of Rhamni Songoricae Fructus and to establish their fingerprints
          and  the  method  for  simultaneous  determination  of  four  constituents  to  comprehensively  evaluate  the  quality  of  Rhamni  Songoricae
          Fructus.  METHODS  The  chemical  constituents  in  Rhamni  Songoricae  Fructus  were  qualitatively  analyzed  by  ultra-performance
          liquid  chromatography  quadrupole-time-of-flight  tandem  mass  spectrometry.  The  fingerprints  of  15  batches  of  Rhamni  Songoricae
          Fructus  were  established  by  HPLC  and  chemometric  analysis  was  performed  by  using  SPSS  26.0  and  SIMCA  14.1  software;  the
          contents  of  quercetin,  kaempferol,  kaempferide  and  emodin  were  determined  by  the  same  method.  RESULTS  A  total  of  35
          constituents were identified, including 28 kinds of flavonoids, 5 kinds of anthraquinones and 2 kinds of organic acids. A total of 19
          common  peaks  were  identified  in  the  HPLC  fingerprints,  recognizing  quercetin,  kaempferol,  kaempferide  and  emodin.  The
          similarities  between  HPLC  fingerprints  of  15  batches  of  samples  and  control  chromatograms  were  greater  than  0.9.  The  results  of
          cluster analysis showed that 15 batches of samples were divided into 2 classes, of which S1-S5, S7 and S9 were one class and the
          rest  were  one  class,  similar  to  the  results  of  principal  component  analysis.  The  results  of  the  orthogonal  partial  least  squares-
          discriminant  analysis  showed  that  the  variable  importance  projections  of  peaks  No.  2,  6,  1,  11 (quercetin),  3,  14,  8,  10,  19
         (emodin), 5 were all greater than 1. The contents of quercetin, kaempferol, kaempferide and emodin ranged from 0.710 to 10.478
          mg/g, 0.236 to 0.660 mg/g, 0.334 to 3.039 mg/g, and 0.261 to 0.504 mg/g. CONCLUSIONS The constructed chemical constituent
          identification,  fingerprint  and  content  determination  methods  are  simple,  feasible  and  reproducible,  which  combined  with
          chemometric analysis can be used for comprehensive evaluation of the quality of Rhamni Songoricae Fructus.
          KEYWORDS    Rhamni Songoricae Fructus; UPLC-QTOF-MS ; fingerprint; content determination; chemical constituents; quality
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          evaluation


             Δ 基金项目 新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项(No.2022A030-                  包尔胡特 Rhamnus songorica G. 为鼠李科 Rhamna‐
          19-3)                                              ceae鼠李属Rhamnus多年生草本植物,主要分布于中亚
             *第一作者 硕士研究生。研究方向:中药质量标准。E-mail:
                                                             地区及我国新疆伊犁地区,具有清热解毒、疏肝保肝、调
          gxy121225@gmail.com
                                                                         [1]
                                                             节血脂的功效 ,主要用于治疗肠燥便秘、习惯性便秘、
             # 通信作者 教授,硕士生导师,博士。研究方向:中药(民族药)物
          质基础。E-mail:maguizhi000@126.com                     高脂血症、酒精性肝病。虽然包尔胡特能够改善乙醇造

          中国药房  2024年第35卷第14期                                              China Pharmacy  2024 Vol. 35  No. 14    · 1715 ·
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