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包尔胡特果实的化学成分分析及综合质量评价
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郭晓宇 ,滕 亮 ,张晓雪 ,贾 乐 ,马桂芝 (1.新疆医科大学药学院,乌鲁木齐 830011;2.新疆医科大学第
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一附属医院药学部,乌鲁木齐 830054)
中图分类号 R917 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408(2024)14-1715-07
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2024.14.07
摘 要 目的 鉴定包尔胡特果实的化学成分,并建立其指纹图谱和同时测定4种成分含量的方法,以综合评价包尔胡特果实的
质量。方法 采用超高效液相色谱四极杆-飞行时间串联质谱法鉴定包尔胡特果实中的化学成分。采用高效液相色谱(HPLC)法
建立 15 批包尔胡特果实(编号 S1~S15)的指纹图谱,并采用 SPSS 26.0 与 SIMCA 14.1 软件进行化学计量学分析;同法测定槲皮
素、山柰酚、山柰素、大黄素的含量。结果 包尔胡特果实中共鉴定出35种化合物,包括28种黄酮类成分、5种蒽醌类成分、2种有
机酸类成分;其HPLC指纹图谱中共标定19个共有峰,指认出槲皮素、山柰酚、山柰素和大黄素;15批样品的HPLC指纹图谱与对
照指纹图谱的相似度均大于0.9。聚类分析结果显示,15批样品聚为2类,其中S1~S5、S7、S9为一类,其余样品为一类,与主成分
分析结果相同;正交偏最小二乘法-判别分析结果显示,2、6、1、11(槲皮素)、3、14、8、10、19(大黄素)、5号峰的变量重要性投影值均
大于1。槲皮素、山柰酚、山柰素、大黄素的含量分别为0.710~10.478、0.236~0.660、0.334~3.039、0.261~0.504 mg/g。结论 所建
化学成分鉴定方法、指纹图谱和含量测定方法简便可行、重复性好,结合化学计量学分析可用于包尔胡特果实质量的综合评价。
关键词 包尔胡特果实;UPLC-QTOF-MS ;指纹图谱;含量测定;化学成分;质量评价
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Analysis of chemical constituents and comprehensive quality evaluation of Rhamni Songoricae Fructus
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GUO Xiaoyu ,TENG Liang ,ZHANG Xiaoxue ,JIA Le ,MA Guizhi(1. College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical
University, Urumqi 830011, China;2. Dept. of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical
University, Urumqi 830054, China)
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To identify the chemical constituents of Rhamni Songoricae Fructus and to establish their fingerprints
and the method for simultaneous determination of four constituents to comprehensively evaluate the quality of Rhamni Songoricae
Fructus. METHODS The chemical constituents in Rhamni Songoricae Fructus were qualitatively analyzed by ultra-performance
liquid chromatography quadrupole-time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry. The fingerprints of 15 batches of Rhamni Songoricae
Fructus were established by HPLC and chemometric analysis was performed by using SPSS 26.0 and SIMCA 14.1 software; the
contents of quercetin, kaempferol, kaempferide and emodin were determined by the same method. RESULTS A total of 35
constituents were identified, including 28 kinds of flavonoids, 5 kinds of anthraquinones and 2 kinds of organic acids. A total of 19
common peaks were identified in the HPLC fingerprints, recognizing quercetin, kaempferol, kaempferide and emodin. The
similarities between HPLC fingerprints of 15 batches of samples and control chromatograms were greater than 0.9. The results of
cluster analysis showed that 15 batches of samples were divided into 2 classes, of which S1-S5, S7 and S9 were one class and the
rest were one class, similar to the results of principal component analysis. The results of the orthogonal partial least squares-
discriminant analysis showed that the variable importance projections of peaks No. 2, 6, 1, 11 (quercetin), 3, 14, 8, 10, 19
(emodin), 5 were all greater than 1. The contents of quercetin, kaempferol, kaempferide and emodin ranged from 0.710 to 10.478
mg/g, 0.236 to 0.660 mg/g, 0.334 to 3.039 mg/g, and 0.261 to 0.504 mg/g. CONCLUSIONS The constructed chemical constituent
identification, fingerprint and content determination methods are simple, feasible and reproducible, which combined with
chemometric analysis can be used for comprehensive evaluation of the quality of Rhamni Songoricae Fructus.
KEYWORDS Rhamni Songoricae Fructus; UPLC-QTOF-MS ; fingerprint; content determination; chemical constituents; quality
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evaluation
Δ 基金项目 新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项(No.2022A030- 包尔胡特 Rhamnus songorica G. 为鼠李科 Rhamna‐
19-3) ceae鼠李属Rhamnus多年生草本植物,主要分布于中亚
*第一作者 硕士研究生。研究方向:中药质量标准。E-mail:
地区及我国新疆伊犁地区,具有清热解毒、疏肝保肝、调
gxy121225@gmail.com
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节血脂的功效 ,主要用于治疗肠燥便秘、习惯性便秘、
# 通信作者 教授,硕士生导师,博士。研究方向:中药(民族药)物
质基础。E-mail:maguizhi000@126.com 高脂血症、酒精性肝病。虽然包尔胡特能够改善乙醇造
中国药房 2024年第35卷第14期 China Pharmacy 2024 Vol. 35 No. 14 · 1715 ·