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·药学研究·
盐酸艾司氯胺酮鼻喷剂在大鼠体内的药动学和牛蛙上颚黏膜的
纤毛毒性研究
Δ
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周静宇 1, 2* ,吴海霞 ,权静楠 ,杨艳娜 ,钟世杰 ,程 艺 ,李 蒙 ,王增明 ,刘 楠 ,郑爱萍 ,张 慧 (1.河北
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科技大学化学与制药工程学院,石家庄 050018;2.军事医学研究院,北京 100850)
中图分类号 R965 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408(2024)10-1174-05
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2024.10.04
摘 要 目的 研究盐酸艾司氯胺酮鼻喷剂在大鼠体内的药动学和牛蛙上颚黏膜的纤毛毒性。方法 大鼠分别经静脉注射盐酸艾
司氯胺酮溶液和鼻腔给予盐酸艾司氯胺酮后,采用液相色谱串联质谱法测定盐酸艾司氯胺酮的血药浓度,使用Phoenix WinNonlin
8.1.0软件计算药动学参数。以离体牛蛙上颚黏膜为模型,考察盐酸艾司氯胺酮鼻喷剂给药后上颚黏膜形态,记录纤毛持续摆动
时间及恢复摆动情况。结果 盐酸艾司氯胺酮经鼻给药后2 min血药浓度达到峰值,峰浓度为(814.58±418.80)ng/mL,药时曲线
下面积为(203.75±92.76)ng·h/mL,绝对生物利用度为60.68%。给予盐酸艾司氯胺酮鼻喷剂后,牛蛙上颚黏膜纤毛排列整齐,边
缘清晰,纤毛结构完整且摆动活跃;纤毛持续摆动时间为(178.17±13.30)min,纤毛停止摆动后可恢复,恢复摆动时间为(24.50±
9.19)min,相对运动百分率约为53.56%。结论 盐酸艾司氯胺酮鼻喷剂起效迅速,生物利用度较高,纤毛毒性较小。
关键词 盐酸艾司氯胺酮;鼻腔给药;药动学;绝对生物利用度;纤毛毒性
Pharmacokinetics of Esketamine hydrochloride nasal spray in rats and ciliary toxicity to maxillary mucosa
of bullfrog
ZHOU Jingyu ,WU Haixia ,QUAN Jingnan ,YANG Yanna ,ZHONG Shijie ,CHENG Yi ,LI Meng ,WANG
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Zengming ,LIU Nan ,ZHENG Aiping ,ZHANG Hui(1. School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering,
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Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China;2. Academy of Military Medical
Sciences, Beijing 100850, China)
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To study the pharmacokinetics of Esketamine hydrochloride nasal spray in rats and ciliary toxicity to
maxillary mucosa of bullfrog. METHODS The plasma concentration of esketamine hydrochloride in rats was determined by LC-MS/
MS after intravenous injection of esketamine hydrochloride solution and nasal administration of esketamine hydrochloride; the
pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by using Phoenix WinNonlin 8.1.0 software. Using the maxillary mucosa of isolated
bullfrog as a model, the morphological changes of maxillary mucosa were investigated, and the duration and recovery of ciliary
oscillation were recorded after nasal administration of esketamine hydrochloride. RESULTS The peak of blood concentration
occurred 2 min after nasal administration of esketamine hydrochloride; cmax was (814.58±418.80) ng/mL, AUC0-∞ was (203.75±
92.76) ng·h/mL, and the absolute bioavailability was 60.68%. After nasal administration of esketamine hydrochloride, it was
observed that the cilia of bullfrog were arranged neatly, the edges were clear, the cilia tissue structure was complete and the cilia
moved actively. The cilia movement time was (178.17±13.30) min for the first time, and after the cilia moved again, the ciliary
movement time measured again was (24.50±9.19)min with a relative movement percentage of 53.56%. CONCLUSIONS
Esketamine hydrochloride nasal spray has a rapid onset of action, high bioavailability, and low ciliary toxicity.
KEYWORDS esketamine hydrochloride; nasal administration; pharmacokinetics; absolute bioavailability; ciliary toxicity
Δ 基金项目 国家科技创新2030-重大项目(No.2021ZD0202003) 艾司氯胺酮(氯胺酮的右旋异构体),是一种 N-甲
* 第一作者 硕 士 研 究 生 。 研 究 方 向 :药 剂 学 。 E-mail: 基-D-天冬氨酸(N-methyl-D-aspartic acid,NMDA)受体
1134971614@qq.com
拮抗剂,于 1960 年被合成用于麻醉和止痛,后来发现该
# 通信作者 副研究员,硕士生导师,博士。研究方向:药物递送体
系、黏膜给药制剂。E-mail:zhhui58@126.com 药还具有快速抗抑郁作用 [1―2] 。研究发现,艾司氯胺酮
· 1174 · China Pharmacy 2024 Vol. 35 No. 10 中国药房 2024年第35卷第10期