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广西医疗机构落实国家药品集中带量采购政策的效果分析
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          曾 铮 ,巫柳岑 ,黄振光 ,何文莉 ,宓郑成 ,谢祥威 ,苏思多 ,梁桂诚 ,廖遥灵 ,张宏亮 (1.广西医科大学
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          第一附属医院药学部,南宁 530021;2. 广西壮族自治区卫生健康委药物政策与基本药物制度处,南宁
          530000)
          中图分类号  R956;F840.684      文献标志码  A      文章编号  1001-0408(2024)05-0518-06
          DOI  10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2024.05.02
          摘   要  目的  探讨国家药品集中带量采购政策(后文简称“国家集采政策”)在广西壮族自治区的实施效果,为医疗机构后续开展
          集采药品相关工作提供参考。方法  选取广西壮族自治区医疗机构国家集采政策实施前后的药品采购数据,以政策目标、利益相
          关方关注的问题等为导向,引入并研究6个二级指标(如可获得性、可负担性、药品安全性等)、18个三级指标(如约定采购量完成
          率、负担水平、药占比等)。采用描述性统计方法对国家集采政策实施前后(2019年和2020年)的数据进行差异性、变化趋势等分
          析。结果  在可获得性方面:广西壮族自治区医疗机构参与度为 92.55%,疾病覆盖率为 40.16%,整体约定采购量完成率中值为
          287.82%,总体配送率为97.20%。在可负担性方面:2019-2022年药品价格总体的降幅为74.80%,人均住院药品费用、门诊药占
          比、住院药占比降幅依次为17.61%、10.22%、20.10%,除慢性病、抗肿瘤用药外,药品可负担水平均低于1。对医药的影响:2022年
          药品不良反应事件占比为66.00%,相比执行国家集采政策前增幅为1.29%,广西壮族自治区通过一致性评价的药品共12个品规,
          前8名的制药企业的市场集中度小于20.00%。对医疗医保的影响:直至2022年基本实现仿制药替代原研药,同类非中选药品使
          用比约为9.12%,未提出二次换药的人数占63.39%;药品费用支出减少共24.59亿元。结论  国家集采政策在广西壮族自治区取得
          了显著的效果,但同时还需重点关注扩大专科病种用药覆盖面、中选药品的临床综合评价、优化待分配量选择方案等问题。
          关键词  国家药品集中带量采购政策;广西壮族自治区;实施效果;可获得性;可负担性;药品安全性;制药企业影响力

          Analysis  of  the  effects  of  national  centralized  drug  volume-based  procurement  policy  in  public  medical
          institutions of the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region
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          ZENG Zheng ,WU Liucen ,HUANG Zhenguang ,HE Wenli ,MI Zhengcheng ,XIE Xiangwei ,SU Siduo ,
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          LIANG Guicheng ,LIAO Yaoling ,ZHANG Hongliang(1.  Dept.  of  Pharmacy,  the  First Affiliated  Hospital  of
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          Guangxi  Medical  University,  Nanning  530021,  China;2.  Dept.  of  Drug  Policy  and  Essential  Medicine  System,
          Health Commission of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530000, China)
          ABSTRACT    OBJECTIVE  To  investigate  the  implementation  effects  of  the  national  centralized  drug  volume-based  procurement
          policy (abbreviated  as “national  centralized  procurement  policy”)  in  Guangxi  Zhuang  Autonomous  Region  prefecture,  and  to
          provide a reference for the future centralized drug procurement work of the medical institution. METHODS Drug procurement data
          before and after policy implementation were included in the study. The six secondary indicators (such as availability, affordability,
          and  drug  safety)  and  eighteen  third-level  indicators (such  as  completion  rate  of  agreed  purchase  volume,  affordability  level,  drug
          revenue  proportion)  were  introduced,  guided  by  the  policy  objectives  and  issues  of  concern  to  policy  beneficiaries.  Descriptive
          statistics  was  adopted  to  analyze  the  data  before  and  after  policy  implementation (in  2019  and  2020)  in  terms  of  differences  and
          change  trends.  RESULTS  In  terms  of  accessibility,  the  participation  rate  of  medical  institutions  in  Guangxi  Zhuang Autonomous
          Region  was  92.55%,  the  proportion  of  diseases  involved  and  median  completed  procurement  rate  were  40.16%,  and  287.82%
          respectively,  and  the  total  centralized  delivery  rate  was  97.20%.  In  terms  of  affordability,  the  total  reduction  amplitude  in  drug
          price  was  74.80%  from  2019  to  2022;  the  charge  for  medicine  per  capita  in  hospitalization,  the  proportion  of  medicine  used  for
          outpatient service and hospitalization, decreased by 17.61%, 10.22%, and 20.10% in order; the burden levels on medical fares for
          patients  were  all  below  1  in  addition  to  chronic  diseases,  and  anti-tumor  drugs.  In  terms  of  the  impact  on  medicine,  the  ratio  of
          adverse  drug  reaction  event  cases  in  2022  was  66.00%,  an  increase  of  1.29%  compared  to  the  previous;  since  the  implementation
                                                              of  the  policy,  12  drugs  from  local  pharmaceutical  enterprises
              Δ 基金项目 广西壮族自治区卫生健康委课题(No.Z-A20230477)           from  Guangxi  Zhuang  Autonomous  Region  had  passed  the
             * 第一作者 主 管 药 师 。 研 究 方 向 :医 院 药 学 。 E-mail:
                                                              consistency  evaluation,  and  the  market  concentration  rate  of
          173682197@qq.com
              # 通信作者 副主任药师,硕士生导师,博士。研究方向:临床药                  the  top  8  pharmaceutical  companies  was  less  than  20.00%.  In
          学、循证药学。E-mail:277749097@qq.com                      terms  of  the  impact  on  healthcare  and  medical  insurance,  the


          · 518 ·    China Pharmacy  2024 Vol. 35  No. 5                               中国药房  2024年第35卷第5期
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