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阿奇霉素对新生大鼠支气管肺发育不良的改善作用及机制
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          杜维纳 ,高淑强 ,巨 容,习玉峰(电子科技大学医学院附属妇女儿童医院/成都市妇女儿童中心医院新生儿重
          症医学科,成都 611731)

          中图分类号  R562.2;R965      文献标志码  A      文章编号  1001-0408(2024)02-0155-05
          DOI  10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2024.02.06

          摘  要  目的  基于缺氧诱导因子1α(HIF-1α)/HIF-2α/血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)信号通路探讨阿奇霉素对新生大鼠支气管肺发
          育不良(BPD)的改善作用及机制。方法  将60只新生SD大鼠随机分为阴性对照(NC)组、BPD组、阿奇霉素组、布地奈德组(阳性
          对照),每组15只。NC组大鼠正常呼吸空气,其余3组大鼠通过在高浓度氧中暴露14 d构建BPD大鼠模型。建模成功后,阿奇霉
          素组大鼠腹腔注射阿奇霉素200 mg/kg,布地奈德组大鼠雾化吸入布地奈德1.5 mg/kg,每日1次,连续14 d;BPD组和NC组大鼠不
          做任何处理。观察并检测各组大鼠肺组织病理学变化、放射状肺泡计数、肺泡平均截距,支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)中白细胞计数
          和肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素6(IL-6)、IL-1β、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、丙二醛(MDA)水平,肺组织
          中VEGF、HIF-1α、HIF-2α mRNA相对表达量和蛋白表达量。结果  与NC组比较,BPD组大鼠肺组织出现明显损伤;白细胞计数、
          肺泡平均截距和TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β、MDA水平均显著上调;放射状肺泡计数,SOD、CAT水平,VEGF、HIF-1α、HIF-2α mRNA相对
          表达量和蛋白表达量均显著下调(P<0.05)。与BPD组比较,阿奇霉素组和布地奈德组大鼠上述指标均显著逆转(P<0.05)。结论
          阿奇霉素可明显改善新生大鼠BPD的不良症状,抑制炎症及氧化应激反应,其作用机制可能是通过激活HIF-1α/HIF-2α/VEGF信
          号通路来实现肺保护作用。
          关键词  阿奇霉素;支气管肺发育不良;氧化应激;免疫调节;缺氧诱导因子;血管内皮生长因子

          Improvement effects of azithromycin on bronchopulmonary dysplasia in neonatal rats and its mechanism
          DU Weina,GAO Shuqiang,JU Rong,XI Yufeng(Dept. of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, the Affiliated Women’s
          and  Children’s  Hospital,  School  of  Medicine,  University  of  Electronic  Science  and  Technology  of  China/
          Chengdu Women’s and Children’s Central Hospital, Chengdu 611731, China)

          ABSTRACT   OBJECTIVE  To  investigate  the  improvement  effects  of  azithromycin  on  bronchopulmonary  dysplasia (BPD)  in
          neonatal  rats  based  on  hypoxia-inducible  factor-1α(HIF-1α)/HIF-2α/vascular  endothelial  growth  factor  (VEGF)  pathway.
          METHODS Sixty newborn SD rats were randomly divided into negative control group (NC), BPD group, azithromycin group and
          budesonide group (positive control), with 15 rats in each group. Rats in NC group were given normal breathing air, while rats in
          other three groups were exposed to high-concentration oxygen for 14 days to establish BPD rat models. After successful modeling,
          rats  in  azithromycin  group  were  intraperitoneally  injected  with  azithromycin  200  mg/kg,  and  rats  in  budesonide  group  were
          atomized with budesonide 1.5 mg/kg once a day for 14 consecutive days, while rats in BPD group and NC group were not treated.
          Pathological  changes  of  lung  tissue,  radial  alveolar  count  and  mean  alveolar  intercept  of  rats  were  observed  in  each  group.  The
          white  blood  cell  count  in  bronchoalveolar  lavage  fluid (BALF)  and  the  levels  of  tumor  necrosis  factor-α (TNF-α),  interleukin-6
         (IL-6),  IL-1β,  superoxide  dismutase (SOD),  catalase (CAT)  and  malondialdehyde (MDA)  were  detected;  mRNA  and  protein
          expressions  of  VEGF,  HIF-1α,  HIF-2α  were  also  detected.  RESULTS  Compared  with  NC  group,  the  lung  tissue  in  BPD  group
          was  obviously  damaged;  the  white  blood  cell  count,  average  alveolar  intercept  and  the  levels  of  TNF-α,  IL-6,  IL-1β  and  MDA
          were  significantly  increased;  the  radial  alveolar  count,  SOD  and  CAT  levels,  the  relative  expressions  of VEGF,  HIF-1α,  HIF-2α
          mRNA  and  protein  were  significantly  decreased (P<0.05).  Compared  with  BPD  group,  the  changes  of  the  above  indexes  in
          azithromycin  group  and  budesonide  group  were  significantly  reversed (P<0.05).  CONCLUSIONS  Azithromycin  can  obviously
          improve  the  symptoms  of  BPD  in  rats,  reduce  inflammation  and  oxidative  stress,  and  exert  lung  protection,  the  mechanism  of
                                                             which  may  be  realized  by  activating  HIF-1α/HIF-2α/VEGF
             Δ  基金项目 四 川 省 科 技 计 划 项 目( 重 点 研 发 项 目 )(No.
          2022YFS0241)                                       pathway.
             *第一作者 副主任医师,硕士。研究方向:新生儿疾病。E-mail:               KEYWORDS     azithromycin;  bronchopulmonary  dysplasia;
          vinasd@163.com                                     oxidative  stress;  immune  regulation;  hypoxia-inducible  factor;
             # 通信作者 主任医师,硕士。研究方向:新生儿重症医学。E-mail:             vascular endothelial growth factor
          gaosqiang@126.com


          中国药房  2024年第35卷第2期                                                 China Pharmacy  2024 Vol. 35  No. 2    · 155 ·
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