Page 106 - 《中国药房》2024年2期
P. 106
PE 发生率显著高于使用 DOAC 患者;但无论是 RCT 还 [J]. 中国骨与关节杂志,2020,9(3):200-209.
是队列研究,使用阿司匹林患者与使用其他抗凝剂患者 DU X D,WANG S,WANG W C. Meta-analysis of the
的术后大出血发生率无显著性差异。综上提示,LMWH safety and efficacy of aspirin versus LMWH in the preven‐
或 DOAC 可减少骨科手术患者术后血栓栓塞的发生风 tion of deep vein thrombosis after hip or knee arthroplasty
险,且与阿司匹林相比不会增加患者术后大出血和全因 [J]. Chin J Bone J,2020,9(3):200-209.
死亡的发生风险。 [ 7 ] HIGGINS J P T,ALTMAN D G,GØTZSCHE P C,et al.
The Cochrane Collaboration’s tool for assessing risk of
[6]
杜辖东等 的Meta分析发现,阿司匹林与LMWH用
bias in randomized trials[J]. BMJ,2011,343:d5928.
于骨科术后预防 VTE 的疗效相似,这与本研究存在差
[ 8 ] STANG A. Critical evaluation of the Newcastle-Ottawa
异,其原因可能为该研究仅纳入了队列研究。本研究中
scale for the assessment of the quality of nonrandomized
的队列研究结果显示,阿司匹林用于骨科术后的 DVT、
studies in meta-analyses[J]. Eur J Epidemiol,2010,25
PE和大出血的发生风险与其他抗凝剂相当,术后任何出
(9):603-605.
血发生风险较低;RCT 结果显示,阿司匹林与其他抗凝
[ 9 ] Cristal Study Group,SIDHU V S,KELLY T L,et al. Ef‐
剂用于骨科术后的安全性相当,但DVT、PE不及其他抗 fect of aspirin vs enoxaparin on 90-day mortality in pa‐
凝剂。 tients undergoing hip or knee arthroplasty:a secondary
综上所述,阿司匹林与其他抗凝剂预防骨科术后血 analysis of the CRISTAL cluster randomized trial[J].
栓栓塞的安全性相当,但疗效可能不及其他抗凝剂;骨 JAMA Netw Open,2023,6(6):e2317838.
科术后应优选其他抗凝剂预防VTE,需谨慎考虑阿司匹 [10] HECKMANN N D,PIPLE A S,WANG J C,et al. Aspirin
林。本研究的局限性为:(1)纳入的 RCT 较少;(2)药物 for venous thromboembolic prophylaxis following total
选择、给药剂量和持续时间均存在差异,可能导致结果 hip and total knee arthroplasty:an analysis of safety and
偏倚;(3)未进行患者术后 VTE 风险评估。故所得结论 efficacy accounting for surgeon selection bias[J]. J Arthro‐
尚需更多大样本研究进一步证实。 plasty,2023,38(7 Suppl 2):S412-S419.
参考文献 [11] SINGH G,PRENTICE H A,WINSTON B A,et al. Com‐
[ 1 ] JANUEL J M,CHEN G M,RUFFIEUX C,et al. Symp‐ parison of 90-day adverse events associated with aspirin
tomatic in-hospital deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary and potent anticoagulation use for venous thromboembo‐
embolism following hip and knee arthroplasty among lism prophylaxis:a cohort study of 72288 total knee and
patients receiving recommended prophylaxis:a systematic 35142 total hip arthroplasty patients[J]. J Arthroplasty,
review[J]. JAMA,2012,307(3):294-303. 2023,38(8):1602-1612.
[ 2 ] STEVENS S M,WOLLER S C,BAUMANN KREUZIGER [12] ZHOU L B,WANG C C,ZHANG L T,et al. Effective‐
L,et al. Executive summary:antithrombotic therapy for ness of different antithrombotic agents in combination
VTE disease:second update of the CHEST guideline and with tranexamic acid for venous thromboembolism pro‐
expert panel report[J]. Chest,2021,160(6):2247-2259. phylaxis and blood management after total knee replace‐
[ 3 ] BALA A,HUDDLESTON J I 3rd,GOODMAN S B,et al. ment:a prospective randomized study[J]. BMC Musculo‐
Venous thromboembolism prophylaxis after TKA:aspirin, skelet Disord,2023,24(1):5.
warfarin,enoxaparin,or factor Ⅹ a inhibitors? [J]. Clin [13] BORTON Z M,BHANGOO N S,QUAH C S,et al. Aspirin
Orthop Relat Res,2017,475(9):2205-2213. monotherapy is a suitable standard thromboprophylactic
[ 4 ] The ICM-VTE Hip & Knee Delegates. Recommendations agent following total hip arthroplasty[J]. Hip Int,2022,32
from the ICM-VTE:hip & knee[J]. J Bone Joint Surg Am, (3):286-290.
2022,104(Suppl 1):180-231. [14] SHOHAT N,LUDWICK L,GOH G S,et al. Aspirin
[ 5 ] GROUP C S,SIDHU V S,KELLY T L,et al. Effect of thromboprophylaxis is associated with less major bleeding
aspirin vs enoxaparin on symptomatic venous thromboembo- events following total joint arthroplasty[J]. J Arthroplasty,
lism in patients undergoing hip or knee arthroplasty:the 2022,37(2):379-384.
CRISTAL randomized trial[J]. JAMA,2022,328(8): [15] LUDWICK L,SHOHAT N,VAN NEST D,et al. Aspirin
719-727. may be a suitable prophylaxis for patients with a history
[ 6 ] 杜辖东,王烁,王万春. 髋关节与膝关节人工假体置换术 of venous thromboembolism undergoing total joint arthro‐
后阿司匹林和肝素预防深静脉血栓比较的 Meta 分析 plasty[J]. J Bone Joint Surg Am,2022,104(16):1438-
· 224 · China Pharmacy 2024 Vol. 35 No. 2 中国药房 2024年第35卷第2期