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PE 发生率显著高于使用 DOAC 患者;但无论是 RCT 还                          [J]. 中国骨与关节杂志,2020,9(3):200-209.
          是队列研究,使用阿司匹林患者与使用其他抗凝剂患者                                 DU  X  D,WANG  S,WANG  W  C.  Meta-analysis  of  the
          的术后大出血发生率无显著性差异。综上提示,LMWH                                safety and efficacy of aspirin versus LMWH in the preven‐
          或 DOAC 可减少骨科手术患者术后血栓栓塞的发生风                               tion of deep vein thrombosis after hip or knee arthroplasty
          险,且与阿司匹林相比不会增加患者术后大出血和全因                                 [J]. Chin J Bone J,2020,9(3):200-209.
          死亡的发生风险。                                            [ 7 ]  HIGGINS J P T,ALTMAN D G,GØTZSCHE P C,et al.
                                                                   The  Cochrane  Collaboration’s  tool  for  assessing  risk  of
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              杜辖东等 的Meta分析发现,阿司匹林与LMWH用
                                                                   bias in randomized trials[J]. BMJ,2011,343:d5928.
          于骨科术后预防 VTE 的疗效相似,这与本研究存在差
                                                              [ 8 ]  STANG  A.  Critical  evaluation  of  the  Newcastle-Ottawa
          异,其原因可能为该研究仅纳入了队列研究。本研究中
                                                                   scale for the assessment of the quality of nonrandomized
          的队列研究结果显示,阿司匹林用于骨科术后的 DVT、
                                                                   studies  in  meta-analyses[J].  Eur  J  Epidemiol,2010,25
          PE和大出血的发生风险与其他抗凝剂相当,术后任何出
                                                                  (9):603-605.
          血发生风险较低;RCT 结果显示,阿司匹林与其他抗凝
                                                              [ 9 ]  Cristal Study Group,SIDHU V S,KELLY T L,et al. Ef‐
          剂用于骨科术后的安全性相当,但DVT、PE不及其他抗                               fect  of  aspirin  vs  enoxaparin  on  90-day  mortality  in  pa‐
          凝剂。                                                      tients  undergoing  hip  or  knee  arthroplasty:a  secondary
              综上所述,阿司匹林与其他抗凝剂预防骨科术后血                               analysis  of  the  CRISTAL  cluster  randomized  trial[J].
          栓栓塞的安全性相当,但疗效可能不及其他抗凝剂;骨                                 JAMA Netw Open,2023,6(6):e2317838.
          科术后应优选其他抗凝剂预防VTE,需谨慎考虑阿司匹                           [10]  HECKMANN N D,PIPLE A S,WANG J C,et al. Aspirin
          林。本研究的局限性为:(1)纳入的 RCT 较少;(2)药物                           for  venous  thromboembolic  prophylaxis  following  total
          选择、给药剂量和持续时间均存在差异,可能导致结果                                 hip and total knee arthroplasty:an analysis of safety and
          偏倚;(3)未进行患者术后 VTE 风险评估。故所得结论                             efficacy accounting for surgeon selection bias[J]. J Arthro‐
          尚需更多大样本研究进一步证实。                                          plasty,2023,38(7 Suppl 2):S412-S419.
          参考文献                                                [11]  SINGH G,PRENTICE H A,WINSTON B A,et al. Com‐
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          · 224 ·    China Pharmacy  2024 Vol. 35  No. 2                               中国药房  2024年第35卷第2期
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