Page 100 - 《中国药房》2023年6期
P. 100

基于临床治疗指南及共识的住院患者多黏菌素B应用分析与评价
                                                                                                            Δ

          李 蒙 ,彭龙希,蓝高爽,禹 洁,李正翔,袁恒杰(天津医科大学总医院药剂科,天津 300052)
                *
                                                       #
          中图分类号  R978.1;R969.3      文献标志码  A      文章编号  1001-0408(2023)06-0730-05
          DOI  10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2023.06.17

          摘   要  目的  评价某三级甲等医院住院患者临床应用多黏菌素B的合理性,为该药的临床方案优化提供依据。方法  运用回顾
          性研究方法,查阅2020年1月-2022年3月该院接受注射用硫酸多黏菌素B治疗的住院患者的电子病历,收集患者的基本信息、
          住院科室及时间、感染诊断及病原菌检查结果、实验室检查指标、用法用量及联合用药等情况。在参考药品说明书的基础上,根据
          相关指南和共识,对患者多黏菌素B的使用情况进行合理性评价,并评估其疗效和安全性。结果与结论  共纳入住院患者101例,
          以呼吸系统感染为主(62.4%);所有患者均接受了病原学检查,检出率最高的病原菌为碳青霉烯类耐药鲍曼不动杆菌(40.6%);
          100例患者采用静脉滴注的方式给药,其中4例患者联合了雾化吸入、鞘内注射等给药途径;99例患者持续静脉注射的剂量为50
          万单位,q12 h;51.5%的患者用药疗程为7~14 d;77例患者联用了其他抗革兰氏阴性菌药物;临床存在用药时间过短(29.7%)、未
          联合用药(23.8%)、用药无指征(17.8%)等不合理情况。101 例患者使用多黏菌素 B 治疗的临床有效率为 49.5%,16 例患者
         (15.8%)在用药期间出现了急性肾损伤。临床药师应积极参与到多黏菌素B的临床治疗过程中,依据指南/共识并结合患者的病
          情及感染情况制定个体化的治疗方案,以提高临床用药的合理性。
          关键词  多黏菌素B;合理性;安全性;有效性;指南;共识

          Analysis  and  evaluation  of  the  application  of  polymyxin  B  in  inpatients  based  on  clinical  guidelines  and
          consensuses
          LI Meng,PENG Longxi,LAN Gaoshuang,YU Jie,LI Zhengxiang,YUAN Hengjie(Dept.  of  Pharmacy, Tianjin
          Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China)

          ABSTRACT    OBJECTIVE  To  evaluate  the  rationality  of  clinical  application  of  polymyxin  B  in  the  inpatients  of  a  third  grade
          class A hospital,so as to provide evidence for the optimization of clinical scheme of the drug. METHODS A retrospective method
          was  conducted  on  the  electronic  medical  records  of  inpatients  treated  with  Polymyxin  B  sulfate  for  injection  from  January  2020  to
          March  2022  to  collect  the  basic  information  of  patients,  inpatient  departments  and  time,  infection  diagnosis,  results  of  pathogenic
          bacteria test, laboratory test indicators, usage and dosage, and combined medication,etc. Based on the drug instructions, according
          to relevant guidelines and consensus, the rationality, efficacy and safety of polymyxin B in inpatient were evaluated. RESULTS &
          CONCLUSIONS  A  total  of  101  inpatients  were  included,  respiratory  system  infection  was  the  main  cause (62.4%). All  patients
          had  received  the  etiological  examination,  and  the  pathogen  with  the  highest  detection  rate  was  carbapenem‑resistant  Acinetobacter
          baumannii (40.6%). One hundred patients were treated by intravenous drip, and 4 patients were treated by combination of aerosol
          inhalation or intrathecal injection; 99 patients were given the dose of 500 thousand units by continuous intravenous infusion, q12 h.
          Totally 51.5% of patients were treated for 7-14 days; and 77 patients were treated with other anti-Gram-negative drugs. There were
          unreasonable  phenomena  including  too  short  time  of  medication (29.7%),  no  combination  of  medication (23.8%),  and  no
          indication of medication (17.8%). The clinical effective rate of 101 patients treated with polymyxin B was 49.5%, and 16 patients
         (15.8%)  had  acute  kidney  injury  during  the  treatment.  Clinical  pharmacists  should  actively  participate  in  the  clinical  treatment  of
          polymyxin B, formulate individualized treatment plans according to the guidelines/consensus and in combination with the patient’s
          condition and infection status to improve the rationality of clinical medication.
          KEYWORDS     polymyxin B; rationality; safety; efficacy; guideline; consensus


              多黏菌素类药物于 20 世纪 50 年代上市,可通过破                     不断出现,多黏菌素又重新回归临床,成为治疗MDR革
          坏细胞膜的完整性来快速杀灭病原菌,后因严重的肾毒                            兰氏阴性菌感染的主力军。为了给临床应用提供参考,
          性和神经毒性而被其他抗菌药物逐步取代。近年来,随                            近年来国内外多学科相关领域著名专家与权威学术组
          着多重耐药(multi-drug resistant,MDR)革兰氏阴性菌的
                                                              织出台了多黏菌素使用的系列指南/共识,其推荐剂量、
              Δ 基金项目 中国药学会科技开发中心科普项目(No.CMEI2021-             用法均较目前在用的药品说明书更加灵活                  [1―3] 。本课题
          KPYJ00501)                                          组在实践中发现,临床存在多黏菌素超适应证、未联合
             *第一作者 副主任药师,硕士。研究方向:临床药学。电话:022-                 用药、用药疗程过短等现象,且用药剂量与指南/共识推
          60362090。E-mail:limeng_0130@126.com
                                                              荐有所不同。基于此,本研究拟选择某三级甲等医院在
              # 通信作者 主任药师,博士。研究方向:临床药学、心血管药理
          学。电话:022-60362090。E-mail:hengjieyuan@163.com        用多黏菌素品种“注射用硫酸多黏菌素 B”为对象,对


          · 730 ·    China Pharmacy  2023 Vol. 34  No. 6                               中国药房  2023年第34卷第6期
   95   96   97   98   99   100   101   102   103   104   105