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强 [17―18] ,从而使美罗培南清除增加,降低了美罗培南稳                          性肺炎与呼吸机相关性肺炎诊断和治疗指南:2018年版
          态血药谷浓度。Roberts 等 对重症患者 β-内酰胺类药                           [J].中华结核和呼吸杂志,2018,41(4):255-280.
                                 [19]
          物 PK/PD 与临床结局相关的多中心研究结果显示,                          [ 8 ]  巴特利特. ABX指南:感染性疾病的诊断与治疗[M]. 北
          100%fT>MIC与临床治愈和微生物清除相关,可获得更                             京:科技文献出版社,2012:113-119.
                                                              [ 9 ]  戴维·N·吉尔伯特 . 热病:桑福德抗微生物治疗指南
          好的临床治疗结局,该研究结果提示,对于颅脑损伤患
                                                                   [M] .50 版 . 北京:中国协和医科大学出版社,2020:
          者,宜适当增加美罗培南给药剂量或频次,并加强血药
                                                                   1-668.
          浓度监测,以个体化调整剂量。
                                                              [10]  国家药典委员会.中华人民共和国药典:二部[S].2020年
              本研究也存在一定不足:(1)采用美罗培南流行病
                                                                   版.北京:中国医药科技出版社,2020:1088.
          学MIC折点作为稳态血药谷浓度的达标标准,与临床实
                                                              [11]  Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Performance
          践中测定的MIC值有一定差异,且部分患者为经验性用                                standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing[S]. 32nd
          药,对美罗培南稳态血药谷浓度达标情况的判定可能有                                 edition.Wayne,PA,USA:CLSI,2022.
          一定影响,需综合评估。(2)回顾性研究可能存在考察变                          [12]  Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Facility gui-
          量采集的数据不全等问题。(3)本研究纳入的样本量有                                dance for control of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteria‐
          限,有待进一步扩大样本量来评估美罗培南血药谷浓度                                 ceae(CRE):November 2015 update CRE toolkit[S/OL].
          达标与临床疗效的相关性。                                            (2020-02-08)[2022-05-15]. https://www. cdc. gov/hai/or‐
              综上所述,HAP 患者年龄<58 岁、存在颅脑损伤及                           ganisms/cre/cre-toolkit/index.html.
          负平衡量>520.5 mL/24 h时,美罗培南稳态血药谷浓度                     [13] 《抗菌药物临床试验技术指导原则》写作组. 抗菌药物临
                                                                   床试验技术指导原则附件:抗菌药物立题原则建议[J].
          不达标的风险增加,该类患者宜监测美罗培南稳态血药
                                                                   中国临床药理学杂志,2014,30(9):857-858.
          谷浓度并个体化调整给药剂量。
                                                              [14]  OLIVEIRA M S,MACHADO A S,MENDES E T,et al.
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          ·2392·   China Pharmacy 2022 Vol. 33 No. 19                                 中国药房    2022年第33卷第19期
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