Page 101 - 《中国药房》2022年9期

·药物与临床·

艾司氯胺酮联合右美托咪定用于药物诱导睡眠内镜检查的临床

效果观察 Δ

谷昆峰 ，马文女，董慧咏，赵建辉，殷珊珊（石家庄市人民医院麻醉科，石家庄 050000）
＊

中图分类号 R971；R768.1 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408（2022）09-1115-04
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2022.09.15

摘 要 目的 探讨使用艾司氯胺酮联合右美托咪定对阻塞型睡眠呼吸暂停综合征患者行药物诱导睡眠内镜检查的效果。方法
选择阻塞型睡眠呼吸暂停综合征患者60例，随机分为对照组和观察组，每组30例。对照组麻醉诱导方案：右美托咪定负荷剂量1
μg/kg，10 min泵入，以1 μg/（kg·h）维持，同时给予丙泊酚3 mg/（kg·h）静脉恒速输注，直到患者打鼾。观察组麻醉诱导方案：右美
托咪定使用方法、剂量同对照组，同时给予艾司氯胺酮1 mg/kg，以0.5 mg/（kg·h）静脉恒速输注，直到患者打鼾。当患者脑电双频
指数（BIS）＜75且警觉/镇静（OAA/S）评分＞1分后进行睡眠内镜检查。记录患者清醒状态（T0 ）、输注右美托咪定负荷剂量10 min
时（T1 ）、检查时（T2 ）、检查结束时（T3 ）的生命体征、BIS、OAA/S评分，以及用药情况（包括患者检查一次性成功率、患者检查时因体
动而追加用药次数）、用药后不良事件发生情况。结果 组间比较，观察组患者在T1、T2、T3时点脉搏血氧饱和度（SpO2 ）、BIS显著高
于对照组患者，在 T2、T3时点心率、平均动脉压（MAP）显著低于对照组患者，在 T1、T2时点 OAA/S 评分显著高于对照组患者（P＜
0.05）。组内比较，观察组患者的心率在T1、T2、T3时点较T0时点显著降低，MAP在T2、T3时点较T1时点显著降低（P＜0.05）；对照组患者
的SpO2在T1、T2、T3时点较T0时点显著降低，心率在T1时点较T0时点显著降低，MAP在T2时点较T0时点显著升高（P＜0.05）。60例患
者用药后均成功完成药物诱导睡眠内镜检查，观察组患者检查一次性成功率显著高于对照组（P＜0.05），因体动而追加用药的例数显
著少于对照组（P＜0.05）。两组患者用药后不良事件发生率差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论 艾司氯胺酮联合右美托咪定给药对
阻塞型睡眠呼吸暂停综合征患者的呼吸抑制更轻，对血流动力学影响更小，在睡眠内镜检查过程中干预次数少，较丙泊酚更具优势。
关键词 艾司氯胺酮；阻塞型睡眠呼吸暂停综合征；药物诱导睡眠内镜检查

Clinical effect observation of esketamine combined with dexmedetomidine for drug-induced sleep endoscopy
GU Kunfeng，MA Wennü，DONG Huiyong，ZHAO Jianhui，YIN Shanshan（Dept. of Anesthesiology，
Shijiazhuang People’s Hospital，Shijiazhuang 050000，China）

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of esketamine combined with dexmedetomidine used for drug-induced sleep
endoscopy in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. METHODS Totally 60 patients with obstructive sleep apnea
syndrome were randomly divided into control group and observation group，with 30 cases in each group. Anesthesia induction
scheme of control group included loading dose of dexmedetomidine 1 μg/kg，pumped for 10 min，maintained at 1 μg/（kg·h），and
intravenous administration of propofol at a constant rate of 3 mg/（kg·h）until the patient snored. That of observation group included
same administration route and dose of dexmedetomidine as control group，intravenous administration of esketamine 1 mg/kg at a
constant rate of 0.5 mg/（kg·h）until the patient snored. Sleep endoscopy was performed when the bispectral index（BIS）was lower
than 75 and the alert/sedation（OAA/S）score was higher than 1. The vital signs，BIS and OAA/S scores of patients in awake state
（T0 ），10 min load dose of dexmedetomidine infusion（T1 ），at the time of examination（T2 ）and at the end of examination（T3 ）
were recorded，as well as the patient’s medication（including the one-time success rate of examination，the number of additional
drugs due to physical movement during examination），and the occurrence of adverse events after medication. RESULTS In the
comparison between groups，the pulse oxygen saturation（SpO2 ）and BIS of patients in the observation group were significantly
higher than those in the control group at T1，T2 and T3；the heart rates and mean arterial pressures（MAP）at T2 and T3 were
significantly lower than those in the control group；and the OAA/S score at T1 and T2 were significantly higher than those in the
control group（P＜0.05）. Comparison within the group，the heart rates at T1，T2 and T3 in the observation group were significantly
lower than those at T0，and the MAP at T2 and T3 were significantly lower than that at T1（P＜0.05）；in control group，compared
with T0，SpO2 decreased significantly at T1，T2 and T3，heart rate decreased significantly at T1，and MAP increased significantly at
T2（P＜0.05）. Sixty patients successfully completed drug-induced sleep endoscopy after medication. The one-time success rate of
examination in the observation group was significantly higher
Δ 基金项目：石家庄市科学技术研究与发展指导计划项目
（No.191460443） than control group（P＜0.05），and the number of additional
＊副主任医师，硕士。研究方向：临床麻醉学。电话：0311- drugs due to physical movement during examination was
69089464。E-mail：627406934@qq.com significantly less than control group（P＜0.05）. There was no

中国药房 2022年第33卷第9期 China Pharmacy 2022 Vol. 33 No. 9 ·1115 ·