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药品可及性视角下 415 种过评仿制药与基药、医保、集采目录的
联动情况分析 Δ
张 焕 ,徐 诺 ,徐 敢 ,刘利萍 (1.南京医科大学康达学院,江苏 连云港 222000;2.江苏豪森药业集团有
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限公司,江苏 连云港 222000;3.北京中医药大学管理学院,北京 100029;4.南京医科大学药学院临床药学
系,南京 211166)
中图分类号 R95 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408(2022)06-0661-06
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2022.06.03
摘 要 目的 了解我国仿制药一致性评价政策实施现状、成效和存在的问题。方法 搜集、整理国家药品监督管理局官网公布的
通过一致性评价的药品(以下简称“过评仿制药”)信息,统计分析过评仿制药的基本情况及其在各版《国家基本药物目录》(以下简
称“基药目录”)、《国家基本医疗保险、工伤保险和生育保险药品目录》(以下简称“医保目录”)以及各批国家组织药品集中带量采
购中选结果(以下简称“集采目录”)中的分布与变化情况。结果 2017-2021年,我国已有415种化学仿制药通过一致性评价,涉
及309个品种、1 822个产品、6类剂型、17种药理作用类别,相关药品生产企业共计492家(除12个产品未查到所属企业外),分布
于我国 30 个省份;过评仿制药在基药目录中的占比由 2012 年版的 0.96%增长到 2018 年版的 25.40%,在医保目录中的占比由
2017年版的2.13%增长到 2021 年版的 11.68%,在前五批国家集采目录中共占 81.65%,进入目录后价格最大降幅达 97.52%。
结论 我国过评仿制药数量和三大目录所含过评仿制药数量在不断增加,实现了政策联动;价格大幅降低,使得相关药品的可获得
性和可负担性得到提升。但我国仍存在过评仿制药总量偏少、品种重复率较高、在三大目录中的占比依然偏低、供应保障措施有
待加强等问题。
关键词 仿制药;一致性评价;基药目录;医保目录;集采目录;药品可及性;政策联动
Analysis on the linkage of 415 generic medicines passing consistency evaluation and essential medicine list,
medical insurance list and centralized procurement list from the perspective of medicine accessibility
ZHANG Huan ,XU Nuo ,XU Gan ,LIU Liping(1. Kangda College,Nanjing Medical University,Jiangsu
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Lianyungang 222000,China;2. Jiangsu Hansoh Pharmaceutical Group Co.,Ltd.,Jiangsu Lianyungang 222000,
China;3. School of Management,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100029,China;4. Dept. of
Clinical Pharmacy,School of Pharmacy,Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing 211166,China)
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To investigate the situation,achievements and problems of consistency evaluation policy of generic
medicines in China. METHODS The descriptive analysis was performed after collecting and sorting out the information of generic
medicine passing consistency evaluation (GMPCE) published on the official website of the National Medical Products
Administration. The basic information,the distribution and changes of GMPCE were analyzed statistically in National Essential
Medicine List(hereinafter refer to as“essential medicine list”),Medicine List for National Basic Medical Insurance,Industrial
Injury Insurance and Maternity Insurance(hereinafter refer to as“medical insurance list”)and the result of the successful selection
of centralized medicine procurement organized by the state(hereinafter refer to as“centralized procurement list”). RESULTS From
2017 to 2021,415 chemical generic drugs had passed consistency evaluation in China,including 309 varieties,1 822 specifications,
6 dosage forms,and 17 pharmacological mechanisms,basically belonging to 30 provinces,and 492 drug manufacturers(except 12
products had not been found the manufacturers);the proportion of GMPCE in essential medicine list increased from 0.96% in 2012
edition to 25.40% in 2018 edition;that of GMPCE in medical insurance list increased from 2.13% in 2017 edition to 11.68% in
2021 edition;in the first 5 batches of centralized procurement
Δ 基金项目:2021年度江苏省教育厅高校哲学社会科学研究一般
list,GMPCE accounted for 81.65%,and the maximum price
项目(No.2021SJA2499);2020 年江苏省高等教育学会江苏高校“大学
drop after entering the list was 97.52%. CONCLUSIONS The
素质教育与数字化课程建设”专项课题(No.2020JDKT116);南京医科
policy linkage has been achieved with the continual increase of
大学康达学院“科研人才培养计划”(No.南医大康发〔2021〕96号)
the number of GMPCE and their total amount in three lists in
*讲师,硕士。研究方向:医药政策、药物经济学、药学教育。电
话:0518-80689663。E-mail:358615691@qq.com China. The accessibility and affordability of related medicines
# 通信作者:副主任药师。研究方向:医药政策、药物经济学、药 have been improved with the apparent decrease of the price of
学教育。电话:025-86868467。E-mail:1105301544@qq.com those medicines. However,total number of GMPCE is a little
中国药房 2022年第33卷第6期 China Pharmacy 2022 Vol. 33 No. 6 ·661 ·