Page 53 - 《中国药房》2021年20期

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE：To compare the chemical components differences of Inula japonica before and after honey-frying.
METHODS：UPLC-MS/MS method was adopted. The determination was performed on Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 column
with mobile phase consisted of 0.1％ formic acid-acetonitrile （gradient elution） at the flow rate of 0.3 mL/min. The column
temperature was set at 30 ℃，and sample size was 5 µL. The electrospray ion source was scanned by positive ion mode. The first
order mass spectrometry scanning range was m/z 70-1 050，the second order mass spectrometry scanning range was m/z 50-1 050，
and the normalized collision energy was 40，60 eV ；mass spectrum type was the peak figure，the flow rate of sheath gas was 35
arb，the auxiliary airflow speed was 10 arb，the spray voltage was 3.80 kV，the S-lens voltage was 50 V，the heating temperature
was 350 ℃ ，and the capillary temperature was 350 ℃ . The components were identified by Qual Browser 4.1.39.1 software，
referring to the online high-resolution database mzCloud and local database OTCML of high-resolution mass spectrometry of TCM，
and combined with relevant literature. The principal component analysis（PCA）and orthogonal partial least squared-discriminant
analysis（OPLS-DA）of I. japonica before and after honey-fried were performed by using SIMCA 14.1 statistical software，and
variable importance projection（VIP）value greater than 1 was used as the standard to screen the differential components before and
after honey-frying. RESULTS：A total of 29 common chemical components were identified from I. japonica and honey-fried I.
japonica，including 5 phenolic acids as 1-caffeoylquinic acid，chlorogenic acid and 3，5-dicaffeoylquinic acid，12 flavonoids as
quercetin，luteolin and evamectin，as well as 12 sesquiterpene lactones as 1-O-acetylinula diester，inula bicolor lactone B and
1-O-acetyl-6-O-isobutyryl inulin. The results of PCA showed that I. japonica and honey-fried I. japonica were located on both sides
of the score diagram respectively. The results of OPLS-DA showed that the VIP values of 7 components were greater than 1，which
were peak 19（britanin），peak 6（quercetagitrin），peak 1（1-caffeoylquinic acid），peak 21（vitexicarpin），peak 20（tomentosin），
peak 13 （spinacetin） and peak 3 （daphnetin）. CONCLUSIONS：After honey-fried，the content of chemical components of I.
japonica changed and decreased to a certain extent. Britanin，quercetagitrin，1-caffeoylquinic acid，tomentosin，vitexicarpin，
spinacetin and daphnetin may be the differential components of I. japonica and honey-fried I. japonica.
KEYWORDS Inula japonica；Honey-fried Inula japonica；UPLC-MS/MS；PCA；OPLS-DA；Chemical components

旋覆花为菊科植物旋覆花 Inula japonica Thunb.或 后药效物质的差异，有利于阐释其药理活性与临床效用
欧亚旋覆花 Inula britannica L.的干燥头状花序，该药于 的不同。基于此，本研究采用超高效液相色谱-串联质
夏、秋二季花开放时采收，经除去杂质、阴干或晒干后即 谱（UPLC-MS/MS）技术对旋覆花蜜炙后化学成分的变
[1]
得 。旋覆花具有降气、消痰、行水、止呕的功效，主要用 化进行分析，拟从化学成分的角度探讨旋覆花蜜炙后药
于治疗风寒咳嗽、痰饮蓄结、胸膈痞闷、喘咳痰多等 效改变的物质基础；同时，结合主成分分析（PCA）和正
[1]
症 。现代药理研究表明，该药主要含有倍半萜内酯、酚 交偏最小二乘法-判别分析（OPLS-DA）筛选旋覆花蜜炙
酸、黄酮类等活性成分，具有抗炎、抗氧化、抗肿瘤、保护 前后的差异性成分，以期为临床合理应用提供参考，亦
[2]
神经系统等活性 。蜜炙是中药饮片的传统炮制方法， 为进一步研究旋覆花的蜜炙理论提供依据。
不仅能增强生品润肺止咳、补中益气的功效，而且能够 1 材料
矫味、缓和药性和减轻副作用 。旋覆花及其蜜炙品（以 1.1 主要仪器
[3]
下简称“蜜旋覆花”）的临床功效有所不同，旋覆花以降 本研究所用主要仪器有 Thermo Vanquish Flex 二元
气、化痰、止呕作用较强，多用于水饮内停、胃气上逆等 超高效液相色谱仪、Thermo Fisher Q Exactive 高分辨质
症，但止咳作用较弱；而蜜旋覆花能增强生品润肺祛痰、 谱仪及配套的中药成分高分辨质谱本地数据库OTCML
止咳平喘的功效，多用于痰涎壅肺、咳喘痰多等症，此外 （美国Thermo Fisher Scientific公司），ME204E型万分之
其还能增强补中益气的作用，可用于治疗因脾胃气虚、 一天平（瑞士Mettler Toledo公司），KQ-500DE型数控超
痰湿上逆所致的呕吐噫气、心下痞满之症 。 声波清洗器（昆山市超声仪器有限公司），Milli-Q Direct
[4]
化学成分群是中药防治疾病的物质基础，化学成分 超纯水系统（美国Merck公司）等。
[5]
的变化会造成临床应用的差异 。近年来，旋覆花的研 1.2 药品与试剂
究多集中在其化学成分分析和药理药效方面 [6－8] ，但尚 乙腈（色谱纯）购自美国 Merck 公司；甲酸（液质联
未有旋覆花蜜炙后物质基础变化的报道。相关研究的 用级）购自上海安谱实验科技股份有限公司；蜂蜜（批号
缺失可导致旋覆花及其蜜炙品的临床应用缺乏相应的 F2003001）购自广西梧州甜蜜家蜂业有限公司；其余试
科学依据，难以保证药物的有效性和安全性 [9－10] 。由于 剂均为分析纯，水为超纯水。
中药的化学成分多样且复杂，因此准确把握旋覆花及其 16 批不同产地旋覆花药材（编号 X1～X16），经广
蜜炙品中各类成分的变化，才能更加全面地反映炮制前 东一方制药有限公司魏梅主任中药师鉴定为旋覆花

中国药房 2021年第32卷第20期 China Pharmacy 2021 Vol. 32 No. 20 ·2479 ·