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美国执业药师继续教育组织体系和施教机构管理制度分析及对

        我国的启示             Δ


              *
                              #
        丁瑞琳 ,蒋 蓉,邵 蓉(中国药科大学国家药物政策与医药产业经济研究中心,南京 211198)
        中图分类号 R95          文献标志码 A           文章编号 1001-0408(2021)13-1543-06
        DOI  10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2021.13.02

        摘  要   目的:为改进我国执业药师继续教育组织体系和施教机构管理制度提供借鉴和思路。方法:通过介绍美国药学教育管理
        概况、执业药师继续教育组织与管理的法律依据和主体以及施教机构管理情况,剖析我国执业药师继续教育组织和施教机构管理
        中存在的问题,并提出建议。结果与结论:美国的执业药师继续教育由州立法律支持推动;继续教育组织体系较为清晰,各管理主
        体的职责明确、关系协调;施教机构具有较为完整的管理制度和流程。而我国地方执业药师继续教育管理的主体不一致,难以建
        立统一的监督制度,且缺乏统一的管理标准;施教机构资质差异大,教育质量难以保障。建议我国可借鉴美国经验,以较高层级的
        法律文件明确执业药师继续教育的组织机构和体系;建立科学、完备的继续教育施教机构的管理制度和准入标准;根据本国国情
        选择适宜的继续教育管理模式。
        关键词 执业药师;继续教育;组织体系;施教机构;管理制度;美国

        Analysis on the Organizational System of Continuing Education and Management System of Teaching
        Institutions for Licensed Pharmacists in the United States and Its Enlightenment to China
        DING Ruilin,JIANG Rong,SHAO Rong(Research Center of National Drug Policy & Ecosystem,China
        Pharmaceutical University,Nanjing 211198,China)

        ABSTRACT    OBJECTIVE:To provide reference and ideas for improving the organizational system of continuing education and
        management system of teaching institutions for licensed pharmacists in China. METHODS:By introducing the general situation of
        pharmaceutical education, the legal basis and subject of continuing education organization and management of licensed
        pharmacists,and the situation of teaching institutions in the United States,the existing problems in organizing continuing education
        institutions and managing teaching institutions for licensed pharmacists in China were analyzed,and some suggestions were put
        forward. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:The continuing education for licensed pharmacists in the United States is supported and
        promoted by state laws; the organizational system of continuing education is relatively clear, the responsibilities of each
        management subject are clear and the relationship is coordinated;the teaching institutions have a relatively complete management
        system and process. However,the management subject of continuing education for licensed pharmacists in China is inconsistent. It
        is difficult to establish a unified supervision system,and there is a lack of unified management standard. And because the
        qualifications of teaching institutions vary greatly,the quality of education is difficult to guarantee. It is suggested that China should
        learn from the experience of the United States and use higher-level legal documents to ensure the clarity of the organization and
        system of continuing education for licensed pharmacists;establish a scientific and complete management system and access
        standards for continuing education institutions;choose the appropriate management mode of continuing education based on the
        national conditions.
        KEYWORDS     Licensed pharmacist;Continuing education;Organizational system;Teaching institutions;Management system;
        United States


            18世纪初期,美国路易斯安那州率先对州内药师实                        管理体系,对药师在取得执业资格前后的药学教育均具
                  [1]
        施资格认证 ,引起其他各州纷纷效仿,促使全国迅速建                          有系统性的政策设计,其中执业药师的继续教育管理是
        立起了执业药师制度。到 20 世纪 60 年代,受制度发展                      该政策体系中的重要内容之一。美国执业药师继续教
        需求和公众健康需要,美国开始提倡和开展药师的继续                           育的行政管理机构与施教机构分工清晰,继续教育的管
                [2]
        教育工作 。发展至今,美国已经形成相对成熟的教育
                                                           理和组织标准明确,体系制度较为完善。我国正值执业
           Δ 基金项目:2020年度国家药品监督管理局委托课题                      药师继续教育组织体系和施教机构管理制度的变革完
           *硕士研究生。研究方向:医药政策与法规。E-mail:dingrl375@
                                                           善之际,汲取美国的制度经验,可为改进我国执业药师
        163.com
                                                           继续教育管理制度提供理论借鉴。本文介绍了美国药
           # 通信作者:教授,博士生导师,博士。研究方向:医药政策与法
        规。电话:025-86185188。E-mail:shaorong118@163.com       学教育管理概况、执业药师继续教育组织与管理的法律


        中国药房    2021年第32卷第13期                                             China Pharmacy 2021 Vol. 32 No. 13  ·1543 ·
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