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强化剂量与标准剂量霉酚酸类药物用于成年肾移植受者有效性

        与安全性比较的Meta分析                            Δ


        刘 爽    1,2,3 * ,王冠儒 1,2,3 ,易湛苗 ,赵荣生 (1.北京大学第三医院药剂科,北京 100191;2.北京大学药学院药
                                              1,3 #
                                     1,3
        事管理与临床药学系,北京 100191;3.北京大学医学部药物评价中心,北京 100191)

        中图分类号 R979.5          文献标志码 A          文章编号 1001-0408(2021)03-0346-07
        DOI   10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2021.03.16
        摘   要   目的:比较强化剂量与标准剂量霉酚酸类药物用于成年肾移植受者的有效性与安全性,旨在为临床合理用药提供循证参
        考。方法:计算机检索Embase、PubMed、Cochrane图书馆、Clinical trials.gov、中国知识资源总库、万方数据、中国生物医学文献数
        据库,检索时限均为各数据库建库起至2020年3月,收集霉酚酸类药物[吗替麦考酚酯(MMF)、麦考酚钠肠溶片(EC-MPS)]强化剂
        量对比标准剂量用于成年肾移植受者的随机对照试验(RCT)和队列研究;筛选文献、提取资料后,采用Cochrane 系统评价员手册
        5.0推荐的偏倚风险评估工具对RCT进行质量评价,采用NOS量表对队列研究进行质量评价;采用 Rev Man 5.3 软件进行 Meta 分
        析,并进行敏感性分析。结果:共纳入 8 项研究,其中 6 项为 RCT、2 项为队列研究,共 1 637例患者。Meta分析结果显示,强化剂
        量组患者经活检证实的急性排斥反应(BPAR)发生率[RR=0.65,95%CI(0.48,0.89),P=0.007]、巨细胞病毒(CMV)感染发生
        率[RR=0.39,95%CI(0.17,0.91),P=0.03]均显著低于对照组。按药物进行的亚组分析结果显示,MMF 强化剂量组[RR=0.72,
        95%CI(0.53,0.99),P=0.04]、EC-MPS 强化剂量组[RR=0.19,95%CI(0.04,0.81),P=0.03]患者的 BPAR 发生率均显著低于标准
        剂量组;MMF强化剂量组[RR=0.16,95%CI(0.02,1.33),P=0.09]、EC-MPS强化剂量组[RR=0.51,95%CI(0.20,1.30),P=0.16]
        患者的CMV感染发生率与标准剂量组比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组患者排斥反应、治疗失败、移植物丢失、终止治
        疗、病死、总体不良事件、感染(总体)、BK病毒感染、尿路感染、血液系统不良事件(总体)、白细胞减少、贫血、血小板减少、胃肠道
        不良事件(总体)、恶心、呕吐、腹泻等发生率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。敏感性分析结果显示,排斥反应、CMV感染、
        白细胞减少发生率的结果稳定性一般。结论:早期强化剂量霉酚酸类药物用于成年肾移植受者的有效性、安全性与标准剂量基本
        相当,但应谨慎解读排斥反应、CMV感染、白细胞减少发生率等结果。
        关键词 霉酚酸类药物;吗替麦考酚酯;麦考酚钠;强化剂量;标准剂量;肾移植;Meta分析;有效性;安全性

        Comparison of the Effectiveness and Safety of Intensified Dose and Standard Dose of Mycophenolic Acids
        for Adult Renal Transplant Recipients:A Meta-analysis
        LIU Shuang 1,2,3 ,WANG Guanru 1,2,3 ,YI Zhanmiao ,ZHAO Rongsheng (1. Dept. of Pharmacy,Peking
                                                        1,3
                                                                            1,3
        University Third Hospital,Beijing 100191,China;2. Dept. of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy,
        School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Peking University,Beijing 100191,China;3. Center for Drug Evaluation,
        Peking University Health Science Center,Beijing 100191,China)

        ABSTRACT    OBJECTIVE:To compare the effectiveness and safety of intensified dose and standard dose of mycophenolic acids
        (MPA)for kidney transplant recipients,and to provide evidence-based reference for clinical use of drugs. METHODS:Retrieved
        from Embase,PubMed,Cochrane library,Clinical trials,CNKI,Wanfang database and CBM,randomized controlled trial(RCT)
        and cohort study about intensified dose and standard dose of clinical commonly used Mycophenotate mofetil (MMF) and
        Mycophenolate sodium enteric-coated tablet(EC-MPS)for adult kidney transplant recipients were collected during the inception to
        Mar. 2020. After literature screening and data extraction,the quality of RCTs were evaluated with bias risk evaluation tool
        recommended by Cochrane system evaluator manual 5.0. The quality of cohort study was evaluated by NOS scale. Meta-analysis
        was performed by using Rev Man 5.3 software,and sensitivity analysis was conducted. RESULTS:A total of 8 studies were
        included,involving 6 RCTs,2 cohort studies,with 1 637 patients involved. Meta-analysis results showed that,the incidence of
        biopsy-proven acute rejection(BPAR)[RR=0.65,95%CI(0.48,0.89),P=0.007] and cytomegalovirus(CMV)infection [RR=
                                                            0.39,95%CI(0.17,0.91),P=0.03] in intensified dose group
            Δ 基金项目:国家科技重大专项“重大新药创制”专项课题
                                                            were significantly lower than control group. Subgroup analysis
        (No.2017ZX09304012-008)
                                                            by drug showed that the incidence of BPAR in MMF intensive
            *硕士研究生。研究方向:循证药学。电话:010-82265737。
                                                            dose group [RR=0.72,95% CI(0.53,0.99),P=0.04] and
        E-mail:liushuang_sss@126.com
            # 通信作者:主任药师,教授,硕士生导师,博士。研究方向:临床                 EC-MPS intensive dose group [RR=0.19, 95% CI (0.04,
        药学、循证药学、临床药物治疗评价。电话:010-82265810。E-mail:            0.81),P=0.03] was significantly lower than that in standard
        zhaorongsheng@bjmu.edu.cn                           dose group; there was no statistical significance in the


        ·346 ·  China Pharmacy 2021 Vol. 32 No. 3                                    中国药房    2021年第32卷第3期
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