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processed products to confirm common peaks. Using scavenging rate of 1,1-diphenyl-2-trinitrophenylhydrazine(DPPH)radical as
index,antioxidant activities of ethanol extract and acetone extract from 20 batches of A. asphodeloides and its processed products
were investigated. Using scavenging rate of DPPH radical as dependent variable,common peak area as independent variable,PLSR
was used to analyze the spectrum-effect relationship of ethanol extract and acetone extract from A. asphodeloides with
antioxidantion activity. RESULTS:Eight peaks(M1-M8)were identified in the fingerprints of ethanol extracts from 20 batches of
processed A. asphodeloides. Mangiferin(chromatogram peak M7)was identified with similarity of 0.389-1.000;seven comon peaks
(S1-S7)and timosaponin BⅡ(peak S5)were identified in the fingerprint of acetone extract,and the similarity was 0.044-0.999.
DPPH radical scavenging rate of ethanol extract from 20 batches of A. asphodeloides and its processed products was 21.23%-
81.39%,and A. asphodeloides was significantly lower than salt-processed A. asphodeloides with salt wine-processed A. asphodeloides
(P<0.001);and that of acetone extract was 49.73%-83.78%,and A. asphodeloides was significantly higher than stir-baked
A. asphodeloides with salt,wine or fire(P<0.001). The standardized regression coefficients of peaks M2-M7 in the spectrum of
ethanol extract from A. asphodeloides were all greater than 0,which was positively correlated with antioxidant activity. Only the
variable importance projection(VIP)value of peak M7 was greater than 1,which had an important contribution. The standardized
regression coefficients of peaks S4-S7 in the acetone extract spectrum of A. asphodeloides were greater than 0,and were positively
correlated with antioxidant activity. The order of VIP values was peak S5>S6>S4,and the VIP values were all greater than 1.
CONCLUSIONS:The fingerprint of the different processed products A. asphodeloides and its antioxidant activity spectral effect
relationship were successfully established;mangiferin(peak M7)may be the main antioxidant substance of ethanol extract from
A. asphodeloides. Timosaponin BⅡ(peak S5),peak S6 and peak S4 may be the main antioxidant substance in acetone extract
from A. asphodeloides.
KEYWORDS Anemarrhena asphodeloides;Ethanol extract;Acetone extract;Antioxidant acitivity;Spectrum-effect relationship;
Partial least squares regression
知 母 为 百 合 科 植 物 知 母 Anemarrhena asphode- UV-2600 型紫外-可见分光光度计(日本 Shimadzu 公
loides Bge.的干燥根茎,具有清热泻火、生津润燥之功 司);ME204E 型 电 子 天 平(德 国 Sartorius 公 司);
效;现代药理研究表明,知母具有抗炎、抗血小板聚集、 KQ-250DE 型数控超声波清洗仪(昆山市超声仪器有限
[2]
[1]
抗肿瘤等作用 。知母始载于《神农本草经》 ,药用历史 公司);Milli-Q型超纯水仪(美国Milipore公司)。
悠久,主产于我国河北、山西、山东、陕西等地,其主要化 1.2 药品与试剂
学成分有黄酮类、甾体皂苷类、木质素类和有机酸类 芒 果 苷 对 照 品(批 号 :P04M9F60454,纯 度 :≥
等 [3-5] 。临床常用的炮制品有盐知母、酒知母和炒知母 98.0%)、知母皂苷 BⅡ对照品(批号:R14D9F77658,纯
等,不同炮制品间化学成分含量或药效活性各有差异, 度:≥98.0%)均购自上海源叶生物科技有限公司;1,1-
这主要与不同炮制方法所致化学成分变化各不相同有 二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(DPPH,美国 Sigma 公司,批号:
关 [6-7] 。但目前有关知母炮制品的研究多集中在化学成 STBD2362V,纯度:>98.0%);乙腈和醋酸等均为色谱
分分析或药理活性等单一研究上 [8-9] ,鲜有将化学成分与 纯,其余试剂均为分析纯,水为自制超纯水。
药理活性相结合以探讨知母及其炮制品药效物质基础
炒知母饮片、酒知母饮片、盐知母饮片和生知母饮
的谱-效关系的研究。
片均经河北中医学院中药鉴定与炮制教研室郑玉光教
中药作为一个复杂整体,仅通过指纹图谱或单一药 授鉴定为百合科植物知母 A. asphodeloides Bge.的干燥
效活性评价其质量优劣是不全面的 [10-11] 。中药谱效关系
根茎,饮片标本保存于河北中医学院药材标本室。样品
是将中药指纹图谱中的多组分变化与其药效活性相关
来源信息见表1。
联,对中药进行综合评价,以避免单一指标评价的片面
表1 样品来源信息
性。因此,本文基于前期研究成果 ,以知母乙醇提取
[12]
Tab 1 Source information of samples
物和丙酮提取物为对象,建立知母不同厂家、不同炮制
编号 样品 来源 编号 样品 来源
品的指纹图谱;在抗氧化活性研究基础上,利用偏最小 Z1 生知母饮片 仁医堂中医馆 Z11 炒知母饮片 同仁堂药店
二乘回归法(PLSR)分析指纹图谱共有峰与抗氧化活性 Z2 盐知母饮片 仁医堂中医馆 Z12 酒知母饮片 同仁堂药店
的谱-效关系,以期为进一步阐明知母抗氧化活性的药 Z3 酒知母饮片 仁医堂中医馆 Z13 生知母饮片 九九九中药材药店
Z4 炒知母饮片 仁医堂中医馆 Z14 盐知母饮片 九九九中药材药店
效物质基础提供参考。 Z5 生知母饮片 懩生宝中药材店铺 Z15 炒知母饮片 九九九中药材药店
1 材料 Z6 盐知母饮片 懩生宝中药材店铺 Z16 酒知母饮片 九九九中药材药店
1.1 仪器 Z7 酒知母饮片 懩生宝中药材店铺 Z17 生知母饮片 宸瑜药业有限公司
Z8 炒知母饮片 懩生宝中药材店铺 Z18 盐知母饮片 宸瑜药业有限公司
Agilent-1260 型高效液相色谱仪,含紫外检测器和 Z9 生知母饮片 同仁堂药店 Z19 炒知母饮片 宸瑜药业有限公司
蒸 发 光 散 射 检 测 器(ELSD)(美 国 Agilent 公 司); Z10 盐知母饮片 同仁堂药店 Z20 酒知母饮片 宸瑜药业有限公司
中国药房 2020年第31卷第22期 China Pharmacy 2020 Vol. 31 No. 22 ·2707 ·