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WHO儿童基本药物目录与国家基本药物目录中的抗癫痫药对比
分析 Δ
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王慧玲 ,张涛志 ,尹续续 ,王艳文 ,李 萌 ,辛红霞 ,刘 伟 (1.郑州铁路职业技术学院药学院,郑州
450002;2.郑州大学第二附属医院药学部,郑州 450014;3.郑州大学药学院,郑州 450001;4.河南省人民医院
眼科,郑州 450003)
中图分类号 R95 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408(2020)20-2452-06
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2020.20.04
摘 要 目的:比较2019年版WHO儿童基本药物目录(以下简称“WHO-EMLc”)和2018年版我国国家基本药物目录(以下简称
“NEML”)中抗癫痫药的异同,为我国基本药物目录的完善和儿童基本药物目录的制订提供参考。方法:采用描述性分析法,比较
WHO-EMLc和NEML中收录的抗癫痫药的品种、剂型、规格、标记符号等方面的差异,并对WHO-EMLc收录的和NEML特有的抗
癫痫药在我国的上市情况进行统计分析。结果与结论:WHO-EMLc收录的抗癫痫药有9种,均归于抗惊厥药/抗癫痫药项下;我国
NEML 收录在抗癫痫药项下的有 6 种,WHO-EMLc 收录的另外 3 种药物则收录在 NEML 治疗精神障碍药分类下。NEML 和
WHO-EMLc中共有的抗癫痫药有8种,分别是卡马西平、丙戊酸、苯妥英钠、苯巴比妥、拉莫三嗪、地西泮、劳拉西泮和咪达唑仑;
NEML中特有的抗癫痫药是奥卡西平,WHO-EMLc中特有的抗癫痫药是乙琥胺。WHO-EMLc中涉及的口服剂型有口服溶液、普
通片、肠溶片、分散片等多种剂型,而 NEML 中涉及的口服剂型只有普通片、分散片和口服溶液;就单种药品的某种剂型来看,
WHO-EMLc中的药品规格比NEML更为全面。WHO-EMLc中,劳拉西泮标注了“□”,即WHO认为其在同类药品中更具有效性
和安全性;拉莫三嗪、咪达唑仑注射液和苯妥英(25 mg ∶ 5 mL和30 mg ∶ 5 mL)标记了“*”,提示该药或者该剂型规格有特殊的注意
事项。NEML中,地西泮标注了“*”,地西泮注射液标记了“△”,表示地西泮在不同分类项下重复出现,地西泮注射液应在具备相
应处方资质的医师或在专科医师指导下使用,并应加强使用监测和疗效评价。此外,WHO-EMLc收录的抗癫痫药大部分虽然在
我国已上市销售,但上市的剂型较单一,不能满足儿童用药需求。我国可借鉴WHO-EMLc的遴选方法,进一步完善国家基本药物
目录,并结合疾病谱和药品临床综合评价,尽早制订适合我国国情的儿童基本药物目录;同时,政府应鼓励儿童用药的研发和生
产,以保证儿童基本药物的安全可及。
关键词 WHO儿童基本药物目录;国家基本药物目录;抗癫痫药
Comparative Analysis of Antiepileptic Drugs between WHO Model List of Essential Medicines for Children
and the National Essential Drug List of China
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WANG Huiling ,ZHANG Taozhi ,YIN Xuxu ,WANG Yanwen ,LI Meng ,XIN Hongxia ,LIU Wei(1. School of
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Pharmacy,Zhengzhou Railway Vocational & Technical College,Zhengzhou 450002,China;2. Dept. of
Pharmacy,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450014,China;3. School of
Pharmaceutical Sciences,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China;4. Dept. of Ophthalmology,
Henan Provincial People’s Hospital,Zhengzhou 450003,China)
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE:To compare the similarities and differences of antiepileptic drugs between 2019 edition of WHO
Model List of Essential Medicines for Children (called“WHO-EMLc”for short) and 2018 edition of the National Essential
Medicines List(called“NEML”for short),and to provide reference for the improvement of national essential medicines list and
formulation of essential medicines list for children. METHODS:By means of descriptive analysis,the differences in the varieties,
dosage forms,specifications and marker symbols of antiepileptic drugs were compared between WHO-EMLc and NEML. The
marketing status of antiepileptic drugs included in WHO-EMLc and NEML were analyzed statistically. RESULTS &
CONCLUSIONS:There were 9 kinds of antiepileptic drugs included in WHO-EMLc,all of which were under the category of
anticonvulsant/antiepileptic drugs. There were 6 kinds of antiepileptic drugs in NEML of China,and the other three kinds of drugs
included in WHO-EMLc were included in the category of
Δ 基金项目:河南省科技研发专项(软科学研究)(No.182400410-
psychotherapy drugs in NEML. Eight kinds of antiepileptic
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drugs were shared by NEML and WHO-EMLc, namely
*讲师。研究方向:合理用药。电话:0371-60867317。E-mail:
109614043@qq.com carbamazepine, valproic acid, phenytoin sodium, pheno-
# 通信作者:副教授,硕士生导师。研究方向:药物政策、药品风 barbital,lamotrigine,diazepam,lorazepam and midazolam.
险管理及合理用药。电话:0371-67739165。E-mail:liuweiyxy@zzu. The special antiepileptic drug in NEML was ocazepine,and
edu.cn the special antiepileptic drug in WHO-EMLC was ethylsuc-
·2452 · China Pharmacy 2020 Vol. 31 No. 20 中国药房 2020年第31卷第20期