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预防性使用抗菌药物预防急性脑卒中后感染有效性的Meta分析 Δ
柯义君 1,2* ,王 威 ,金 涌 ,居 靖 (1.安徽医科大学附属安庆医院药剂科,安徽 安庆 246003;2.安徽医科
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大学药学院,合肥 230032;3.安徽医科大学附属安庆医院消化内科,安徽 安庆 246003;4.安徽医科大学附属
安庆医院质控办,安徽 安庆 246003)
中图分类号 R978.1;R743.1 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408(2020)13-1640-06
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2020.13.18
摘 要 目的:系统评价预防性使用抗菌药物预防急性脑卒后感染的有效性,为急性脑卒中后感染的预防提供循证参考。方法:
计算机检索PubMed、Embase、Cochrane图书馆、中国期刊全文数据库、中文科技期刊数据库、万方数据库以及Central等临床试验
注册平台,检索时限为各数据库建库或平台自建立起至2019年12月。收集预防性使用抗菌药物(试验组)对比安慰剂或未预防性
使用抗菌药物(对照组)预防急性脑卒中后感染有效性的随机对照试验(RCT),对符合纳入标准的文献进行资料提取后,采用Co-
chrane偏倚风险评估工具5.1.0和改良的Jadad量表进行文献质量评价,采用Rev Man 5.3统计软件进行Meta分析,并采用GRADE
系统对 Meta 分析结果进行分析。结果:共纳入 7 项 RCT,合计 4 310 例患者。Meta 分析结果显示,两组患者病死率[RR=1.05,
95%CI(0.92,1.20),P=0.47]、肺炎发生率[RR=0.92,95%CI(0.77,1.11),P=0.40]比较,差异均无统计学意义。试验组患者总感
染率[RR=0.69,95%CI(0.57,0.85),P=0.000 3]、尿路感染发生率[RR=0.38,95%CI(0.29,0.49),P<0.000 01]均显著低于对照
组,差异均有统计学意义。GRADE评价显示各结局指标等级均为高质量。结论:预防性使用抗菌药物可降低急性脑卒中后总感
染率和尿路感染发生率,但不能显著影响病死率和肺炎发生率。
关键词 抗菌药物;预防性使用;有效性;急性脑卒中;感染;肺炎;尿路感染;Meta分析
Effectiveness of Prophylactic Use of Antibiotics for Preventing Infection after Acute Stroke:A Meta-analysis
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KE Yijun ,WANG Wei ,JIN Yong ,JU Jing(1. Dept. of Pharmacy,Anqing Hospital Affiliated to Anhui
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Medical University,Anhui Anqing 246003,China;2. College of Pharmacy,Anhui Medical University,Hefei
230032,China;3. Dept. of Digestive Medicine,Anqing Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University,Anhui
Anqing 246003,China;4. Dept. of Quality Control,Anqing Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University,
Anhui Anqing 246003,China)
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE:To systematically evaluate the effectiveness of prophylactic use of antibiotics for infection after acute
stroke,and to provide evidence-based reference for clinical treatment for infection after acute stroke. METHODS:Retrieved from
PubMed,Embase,Cochrane library,CJFD,VIP,Wanfang database and trial registration platforms such as Central,randomized
controlled trials(RCTs)about the effectiveness of prophylactic use of antibiotics(trial group)versus placebo or non-prophylactic
use of antibiotics(control group)in the prevention of infection after acute stroke were collected during the inception to Dec. 2019.
After data extraction,the quality of included literatures were evaluated with Cochrane bias risk assessment tool 5.1.0 and modified
Jadad scale. Meta-analysis was carried out by using Rev Man 5.3 statistical software. GRADE system was used to analysis the
result of Meta-analysis. RESULTS:A total of 7 RCTs were included,involving 4 310 patients. The results of Meta-analysis showed
that there was no statistical significance in the mortality of patients [RR=1.05,95%CI(0.92,1.20),P=0.47] or the incidence of
pneumonia [RR=0.92,95% CI(0.77,1.11),P=0.40] between 2 groups. The total infection rate [RR=0.69,95% CI(0.57,
0.85),P=0.000 3] and the incidence of urinary tract infection [RR=0.38,95%CI(0.29,0.49),P<0.000 01] in the trial group
were significantly lower than control group,and the difference was statistically significant. Result of GRADE showed the out-
comes were in high-quality grade. CONCLUSIONS:Prophylactic use of antibiotics can reduce the total infection rate and the
incidence of urinary tract infection after acute stroke,but can not significantly affect the mortality and the incidence of pneumonia.
KEYWORDS Antibiotics; Prophylactic use; Effectiveness;Acute stroke; Infection; Pneumonia; Urinary tract infection;
Meta-analysis
脑卒中(Stroke)又称中风或脑血管意外(Cerebral
Δ 基金项目:安徽省科技厅公益性技术应用研究联动计划项目
(No.1604f0804033) vascular accident,CVA),是指由于急性脑循环障碍所致
* 药 师 ,硕 士 研 究 生 。 研 究 方 向 :临 床 药 学 。 电 话 :0556- 的局限或全面性脑功能缺损综合征,包括脑梗死、脑出
5223660。E-mail:Jltx20140312 @126.com
血和蛛网膜下腔出血。据估计,2015 年全球有 4 200 万
# 通信作者:主任药师,硕士生导师,博士。研究方向:药理学。
[1]
电话:0556-5506019。E-mail:ju051205@126.com 人发生脑卒中,其中超过 600 万人因此死亡 。急性脑
·1640 · China Pharmacy 2020 Vol. 31 No. 13 中国药房 2020年第31卷第13期