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nationality underwent renal transplantation and received outpatient follow-up after surgery were selected from the First Affiliated
        Hospital of Anhui Medical University during Aug. 2015-Nov. 2018,and then divided into single drug group(107 cases) and
        combination group(87 cases) according to using of Wuzhi capsules or not. Single drug group was given Tacrolimus capsules
        0.1-0.15 mg/kg,po,bid+Mycophenolate mofetil capsules 0.5-0.75 g,bid or Mycophenolate sodium enteric-coated tablets 360-540
        mg,bid+Prednisone acetate tablets 10 mg,qd;combination group was additionally given two Wuzhi capsules,bid,on the basis of
        single drug group. Two groups were treated at least 7 d. The clinical data(such as patients’sex and age)were collected,and
        enzyme amplification immunoassay was used to detect steady-state valley concentration of tacrolimus,and calculate valley
        concentration/daily dose(C/D)value. PCR was adopted to detect patient genotyping of CYP3A5 gene rs4646457,rs15524 and
        rs776746 locus, CYP3A4 gene rs4646437, rs2242480 and rs35599367 locus,ABCB1 gene rs1128503 locus,ABCC2 gene
        rs3740066 locus,NR1I2 gene rs3814055 locus,POR gene rs1057868 locus,PPARA gene rs4253728 locus,IL-3 gene rs181781 locus,
        IL-10 gene rs1800896 locus,CTLA4 gene rs4553808 locus,CYP2C19 gene rs4244285 and rs4986893 locus,respectively. The
        correlation of each factor and tacrolimus C/D value was analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis test or Spearman rank test. Multivariate linear
        regression was conducted. RESULTS:In 194 renal transplanation patients,only wild type at rs3599367 locus of CYP3A4 gene and
        rs4253728 locus of PPARA gene were detected, and each genotype distribution of other genes was consistent with the
        Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium(P>0.05). Single factor analysis and multiple linear regression analysis showed that the combination
        of Wuzhi capsules and rs776746 polymorphism of CYP3A5 gene were related to tacrolimus C/D value (P<0.05). There was
        statistical significance in tacrolimus C/D values among different genotypes of CYP3A5 gene in single drug group and combnation
        group(P<0.05). C/D value of GG and AG genotype in single drug group were significantly lower than combination group(P<
        0.05),while there was no statistical significance in tacrolimus C/D value of AA genotype between 2 groups (P>0.05).
        CONCLUSIONS:Combination of Wuzhi capsules or not and polymorphism of CYP3A5 gene rs776746 locus are associated with
        blood concentration of tacrolimus in renal transplantation patients in Han nationality. Combined use of Wuzhi capsules can increase
        blood concentration of tacrolimus in GG and AG genotype,but have no significant effect on AA genotype.
        KEYWORDS Tacrolimus;Wuzhi capsules;Renal transplantation;Han nationality;Blood concentration;Gene polymorphism


            他克莫司(Tacrolimus,以下简称“FK506”)作为器官                FK506 的血药浓度,从而可减少 FK506 的用药剂量,减
        移植术后常用的免疫抑制剂,具有很强的免疫抑制作                             轻患者的经济负担,同时还可缓解长期服用FK506所导
        用,但由于其治疗窗窄、药动学个体差异大,使得该药的                           致的肝损伤     [18-19] 。但在临床实际应用中,部分患者即便
        临床应用受到了极大限制            [1-2] 。导致 FK506 药动学个体        加用了五酯胶囊,其体内FK506血药浓度的提升也并不
                                                                [20]
        差异的影响因素众多,其中患者遗传学特征是重要因素                            明显 。为探究其原因,本研究拟分析相关基因[代谢酶
                                                                                  [5-6]
        之一   [3-4] 。FK506 经由细胞色素 P450 (CYP)3A4、CYP3A5       基 因(CYP3A5、CYP3A4) 、转 运 蛋 白 基 因(ABCB1、
                                                                   [7]
                                                                                                    [8-9]
        酶代谢,同时也是 P-糖蛋白(由 ABCB1 基因编码)的底                      ABCC2) 、上游调控基因(NR1I2、POR、PPARA) 、药效
        物,因此其血药浓度可能会受到CYP3A4、CYP3A5以及                       学相关基因(IL-3、IL-10、CLTA4)     [12-15] 、联用药物代谢酶
        三磷酸腺苷结合盒转运子B亚家族成员1(ABCB1)活性                         基因(CYP2C19)   [16-17] 等]的多态性与五酯胶囊对 FK506
        的影响   [5-7] 。除此之外,近年来调控上述编码基因表达的                    增效作用的相关性,旨在为肾移植患者的FK506个体化
        其他遗传因素也逐渐受到了学者的关注,如CYP酶的氧                           剂量调整提供参考。
        化还原酶类(CYPOR,由 POR 基因编码)、孕烷 X 受体                     1 资料与方法
        (PXR,由 NR1I2 基因编码)及其上游调控因子过氧化物                      1.1  研究对象
        酶体增殖物激活受体α(PPARα,由 PPARA/NR1C1 基因                       选取2015年8月-2018年11月于安徽医科大学第
        编码) 。上述遗传因素可引起患者FK506用药剂量及                          一附属医院(以下简称“我院”)进行肾脏移植手术并行
             [8-9]
        血药浓度40%~60%的变化,而其余变化则可能是由药                          门诊复查的汉族患者。纳入标准:(1)手术后应用
        物 药 效 学 、机 体 免 疫 系 统 及 其 他 未 知 遗 传 因 素 造            FK506+吗替麦考酚酯/麦考酚钠+泼尼松预防排斥反应;
        成 [10-11] 。目前,影响 FK506 剂量及血药浓度的与药效学                (2)年龄≥18岁;(3)肝肾功能正常;(4)主要临床资料完
        有关的遗传因素主要包括白细胞介素3(IL-3)、IL-10、细                     整;(5)服用稳定剂量的FK506+五酯胶囊或单用FK506
        胞毒性T淋巴细胞相关抗原4(CLTA4)等编码基因的多                         的时间超过 7 d。排除标准:(1)丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)或
        态性,但现有研究尚存有争议             [12-15] 。此外,联用药物的代        天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)超过正常值3倍的患者;(2)肾肌
        谢酶(如 CYP2C19)编码基因多态性也可能是影响因素                        酐清除率小于15 mL/min者或透析患者;(3)除联合使用
        之一  [16-17] 。                                       五酯胶囊2粒、bid以外其他的用法用量者;(4)联合使用
            五酯胶囊是由从南五味子中提取所得脂溶性活性                           唑类抗真菌药、大环内酯类抗菌药、钙离子拮抗药等可
                                                                                       [21]
        部位制成的一种中成药,具有保肝、降酶的作用。相关                            能影响 FK506 血药浓度的药物 者;(5)妊娠期或哺乳
        研究表明,联用五酯胶囊可明显提高肾移植患者体内                             期妇女。本研究经医院医学伦理委员会审核批准,所有


        ·478  ·  China Pharmacy 2020 Vol. 31 No. 4                                   中国药房    2020年第31卷第4期
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