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·循证药学·
GLP-1 受体激动剂治疗 2 型糖尿病合并肥胖/超重患者效果的网
状Meta分析
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曾 瑾 1, 2* ,陈举亮 ,胡紫微 ,姚良然 ,詹亚坤 (1. 广州中医药大学第二附属医院药学部,广州
510120;2.广东省中医院珠海医院药剂科,广东 珠海 519000)
中图分类号 R977.6 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408(2026)10-1357-07
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2026.10.21
摘 要 目的 系统评价 6 种胰高糖素样肽-1 受体激动剂(GLP-1RA)治疗 2 型糖尿病(T2DM)合并超重/肥胖患者的疗效与安全
性,为临床用药提供循证依据。方法 计算机检索PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、the Cochrane Library、中国知网、维普网、万方
数据、中国生物医学文献数据库,检索时限从建库起至2025年12月1日。根据纳入与排除标准,严格筛选随机对照试验(RCT),
从中提取资料并对纳入研究进行文献偏倚风险评价,采用 Stata 17.0 软件进行网状 Meta 分析。结果 共纳入 29 项符合标准的
RCT,包括7 404例患者,涉及6种GLP-1RA:司美格鲁肽、利拉鲁肽、艾塞那肽、度拉糖肽、聚乙二醇洛塞那肽、贝那鲁肽。在血糖
控制方面,司美格鲁肽在降低糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、空腹血糖(FPG)水平排名第1位的概率最高,其次是聚乙二醇洛塞那肽;在
控制体重方面,司美格鲁肽排名第1位的概率最高,其次是利拉鲁肽和艾塞那肽;在安全性方面,度拉糖肽在胃肠道反应发生率方
面排名第1位的概率最高,各GLP-1RA类药物均未显著增加严重低血糖风险。亚组分析显示,利拉鲁肽1.8 mg,qd和艾塞那肽微
球2.0 mg,qw在降低HbA1c与减轻体重方面相对同品种其他剂量/剂型疗效更佳。结论 对于T2DM合并超重/肥胖患者,司美格
鲁肽在降糖与减重方面获益最大,度拉糖肽的胃肠道耐受性表现更优。利拉鲁肽1.8 mg,qd与艾塞那肽微球2.0 mg,qw的降糖及
减重综合疗效在同品种中相对更佳。
关键词 胰高糖素样肽-1受体激动剂;司美格鲁肽;利拉鲁肽;艾塞那肽;2型糖尿病;肥胖;超重
Network meta-analysis of the efficacy of GLP-1 receptor agonists in the treatment of type 2 diabetes
mellitus complicated with obesity/overweight
ZENG Jin ,CHEN Juliang ,HU Ziwei ,YAO Liangran ,ZHAN Yakun (1. Dept. of Pharmacy, the Second
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Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China;2. Dept. of
Pharmacy, Zhuhai Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Zhuhai 519000,
China)
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of 6 kinds of GLP-1RAs in the treatment of type 2
diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with overweight or obesity, and to provide evidence-based reference for clinical practice.
METHODS A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, CNKI, VIP,
Wanfang Data, and CBM from the inception to December 1, 2025. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were screened according
to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data extraction and risk of bias assessment were performed on the included studies. Network
meta-analysis was conducted using Stata 17.0 software. RESULTS A total of 29 eligible RCTs were included, involving 7 404
patients. Six GLP-1RAs were evaluated: semaglutide, liraglutide, exenatide, dulaglutide, polyethylene glycol loxenatide, and
beinaglutide. In terms of glycemic control, semaglutide had the highest probability of ranking first in reducing glycated hemoglobin
(HbA1c) and fasting plasma glucose levels, followed by polyethylene glycol loxenatide. In terms of weight management,
semaglutide showed the highest probability of ranking first, followed by liraglutide and exenatide. Regarding safety, dulaglutide
had the highest probability of ranking first in reducing the incidence of gastrointestinal adverse events; none of the GLP-1RAs
significantly increased the risk of severe hypoglycemia. Subgroup analysis revealed that liraglutide 1.8 mg, qd and exenatide extend-
release 2.0 mg, qw demonstrated superior efficacy in reducing HbA1c and body weight compared with other doses/dosage forms of
the same agents. CONCLUSIONS For T2DM patients with
Δ 基金项目 珠海市社会发展领域科技计划医疗卫生项目(No.
overweight or obesity, semaglutide offers the greatest benefits
2420004000319)
*第一作者 中药师。研究方向:医院药学、合理用药及药效物质 in glycemic control and weight reduction, while dulaglutide
基础。E-mail:2857027770@qq.com demonstrates superior gastrointestinal tolerability. Liraglutide
# 通信作者 主管中药师。研究方向:医院药学、合理用药及药学 1.8 mg, qd and exenatide extend-release 2.0 mg, qw show
管理。E-mail:19575601916@163.com relatively better overall efficacy in glycemic control and weight
中国药房 2026年第37卷第10期 China Pharmacy 2026 Vol. 37 No. 10 · 1357 ·

