Page 105 - 《中国药房》2026年10期

·药学服务·

新疆地区医院药师协同养老机构开展药学服务的内容构建
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杨尚杰 ，王建华 ，艾则孜江·艾尔肯 ，罗春林 ，李乾辉 ，李 煜 ，肖玮玮 ，王钰博 （1.新疆医科大学药学
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院，乌鲁木齐 830054；2.新疆医科大学第一附属医院药学部，乌鲁木齐 830011；3.新疆药物临床研究重点实
验室，乌鲁木齐 830011；4.新疆维吾尔自治区民政康复中心，乌鲁木齐 830006）
中图分类号 R95 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408（2026）10-1335-06
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2026.10.17
摘 要 目的 构建适用于养老机构老年人的药学服务内容框架，为相关实践提供标准化的内容指引。方法 通过文献研究和半
结构化访谈法拟定养老机构药学服务内容的初始条目。采用德尔菲法，对新疆地区相关领域的38名专家进行函询，计算专家积
极系数、权威系数、肯德尔协调系数，并采用层次分析法确定各条目权重。经研究小组成员充分讨论后，最终确定医疗机构药师协
同养老机构开展老年人药学服务的内容框架。结果 两轮专家函询问卷的有效回收率均为100%，权威系数均大于0.8，肯德尔协
调系数为0.153～0.185（P＜0.001）。最终确定的内容框架包括7个一级条目和31个二级条目，条目权重的一致性比率均小于0.1。
综合重要性与可行性，一级条目中的“评估药学服务需求”的权重最高；二级条目中，“药学服务需求调查”“用法用量指导”“正确阅
读药品说明书的方法”“老年常见慢性病自我管理”等实操性强的条目综合权重较高。结论 基于德尔菲法构建的医疗机构药师协
同养老机构开展药学服务的内容框架具有较好的科学性和可靠性，能为药师开展养老机构药学服务提供指引。
关键词 药学服务；养老机构；药师；德尔菲法

Construction of the content for pharmaceutical care provided by hospital pharmacists collaborating with
nursing homes in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region
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YANG Shangjie ，WANG Jianhua ，Aizezijiang Aierken ，LUO Chunlin ，LI Qianhui ，LI Yu ，XIAO Weiwei ，
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WANG Yubo （1. College of Pharmacy， Xinjiang Medical University， Urumqi 830054， China；2. Dept. of
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Pharmacy， the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University， Urumqi 830011， China；3. Xinjiang Key
Laboratory of Clinical Drug Research， Urumqi 830011， China；4. Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Civil
Affairs Rehabilitation Center， Urumqi 830006， China）
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To construct a pharmaceutical care framework suitable for elderly individuals in nursing homes， so as
to provide standardized content guidance for relevant practice. METHODS The initial items of pharmaceutical care content in
nursing homes were drafted through literature research and semi-structured interviews. Delphi method was used to conduct
correspondence consultation among 38 experts from related fields in Xinjiang. The expert positive coefficient， authority coefficient，
and Kendall’s W were calculated， and the analytic hierarchy process was employed to determine the weight of each item. After
thorough discussion among the research team members， the pharmaceutical care framework suitable for elderly individuals provided
by hospital pharmacists collaborating with nursing homes was finalized. RESULTS The questionnaire recovery rates for both rounds
of expert correspondence consultation were 100%， with an authority coefficient ＞0.8 and Kendall’s W ranging between 0.153 and
0.185 （P＜0.001）. A total of 7 primary items and 31 secondary items were ultimately determined， with the consistency ratio of the
item weights all being less than 0.1. Based on the integration of importance and feasibility， among the primary items， “assessment
of pharmaceutical care needs” was assigned the highest weight. Among the secondary items， highly practical items such as “survey
of pharmaceutical care needs”“guidance on usage and dosage”“methods for correctly reading drug package inserts”， and “self-
management of common chronic diseases in the elderly” were assigned relatively high comprehensive weights. CONCLUSIONS
The pharmaceutical care framework suitable for elderly individuals provided by hospital pharmacists collaborating with nursing
homes， which was constructed based on the Delphi method，
Δ 基金项目 国家自然科学基金项目（No.72464032）；新疆维吾尔
demonstrates good scientific validity and reliability， and can
自治区自然科学基金项目（No.2024D01C172）；中国医院协会药事专
serve as a reference for pharmacists to provide pharmaceutical
业委员会医院药学高质量发展研究科研专项（No.CHAYS202608）
care in nursing homes.
＊ 第一作者 硕 士 研 究 生 。 研 究 方 向 ：临 床 药 学 。 E-mail：
17690925697@163.com KEYWORDS pharmaceutical care； nursing homes；
# 通信作者 副主任药师，硕士生导师，博士。研究方向：药学实 pharmacists； Delphi method
践、药物流行病学、药物经济学。E-mail：Yubow1206@163.com

中国药房 2026年第37卷第10期 China Pharmacy 2026 Vol. 37 No. 10 · 1335 ·