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基于多成分定量的清热消癥方质量评价及标志性成分筛选
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陈佳惠 ,罗 琼 ,蔚丽君 ,王跃武 ,李 君 ,刘成东 ,郝佳佳 ,牛利文 (1.包头市第三医院药剂科,内蒙古
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包头 014040;2.内蒙古医科大学药学院,呼和浩特 010110;3.呼和浩特市中医蒙医医院中医肾病科,呼和浩特
010110)
中图分类号 R917 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408(2026)06-0740-06
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2026.06.08
摘 要 目的 综合评价清热消癥方的质量,并筛选影响该方质量的潜在标志性成分。方法 采用高效液相色谱-串联质谱
(HPLC-MS/MS)技术测定清热消癥方中毛蕊异黄酮葡萄糖苷、刺芒柄花苷、金丝桃苷、异槲皮苷、黄芩苷、黄芩素、隐丹参酮、丹参
酮ⅡA、丹参酮Ⅰ、洋川芎内酯 A、阿魏酸的含量;以上述成分含量为变量,采用 OriginPro 2024 及 SIMCA 14.1 软件进行聚类分析
(CA)、主成分分析(PCA)和正交偏最小二乘-判别分析(OPLS-DA),并以变量重要性投影(VIP)值>1且P<0.05为标准筛选影响
清热消癥方质量的标志性成分;运用熵权-逼近理想解排序(TOPSIS)法和灰色关联分析(GCA)法对20批样品的质量进行综合评
价。结果 上述 11 种成分的含量分别为 7.993~72.866、4.542~31.228、727.666~1 901.884、496.846~1 293.279、1 995.501~
6 779.150、54.500~241.280、150.302~304.339、79.698~189.206、257.118~682.418、5.498~21.687、7.524~26.935 μg/g。CA、PCA、
OPLS-DA结果显示,20批样品聚为两类,Q1、Q3、Q4、Q7~Q9、Q12、Q15、Q16聚为一类,其余聚为一类;阿魏酸、丹参酮ⅡA、黄芩
苷、隐丹参酮、毛蕊异黄酮葡萄糖苷、刺芒柄花苷的VIP值>1且P<0.05。熵权-TOPSIS法和GCA法结果显示,欧氏贴进度最优解
和相对关联度排前 11 位的样品包括 Q2、Q5、Q6、Q10、Q11、Q13、Q14、Q17~Q20。结论 所建 HPLC-MS/MS 法快速准确、灵敏度
高,结合化学模式识别分析及熵权-TOPSIS 法、GCA 法可用于综合评价清热消癥方的质量。阿魏酸、丹参酮ⅡA、黄芩苷、隐丹参
酮、毛蕊异黄酮葡萄糖苷、刺芒柄花苷可能为影响该方质量的标志性成分;Q17等11批样品的整体质量较优。
关键词 清热消癥方;化学模式识别分析;熵权-逼近理想解排序法;灰色关联分析法;标志性成分
Quality evaluation of Heat-clearing and symptom-relieving formula based on multi-component
quantification and screening of marker components
CHEN Jiahui ,LUO Qiong ,WEI Lijun ,WANG Yuewu ,LI Jun ,LIU Chengdong ,HAO Jiajia ,NIU Liwen 3
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(1. Dept. of Pharmacy, Baotou Third Hospital, Inner Mongolia Baotou 014040, China;2. School of Pharmacy,
Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010110, China;3. Dept. of Traditional Chinese Medicine
Nephrology, Hohhot Traditional Chinese and Mongolian Medicine Hospital, Hohhot 010110, China)
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To systematically evaluate the quality of the Heat-clearing and symptom-relieving formula and screen
potential marker components that influence the quality of the formula. METHODS The contents of 11 components (calycosin-7-O-
β-D-glucoside, ononin, hyperoside, isoquercitrin, baicalin, baicalein, cryptotanshinone, tanshinone ⅡA, tanshinone Ⅰ, senkyunolide
A, ferulic acid) in the Heat-clearing and symptom-relieving formula were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography-
tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). Using the contents of the aforementioned components as variables, cluster analysis
(CA), principal component analysis (PCA), and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were
conducted using OriginPro 2024 software and SIMCA 14.1 software; marker components affecting the quality of the Heat-clearing
and symptom-relieving formula were then screened based on the criteria of variable importance in the projection (VIP) value>1
and P<0.05. The comprehensive evaluation of 20 batches of samples was carried out using the entropy weight-technique for order
preference by similarity to ideal solution(TOPSIS) and grey correlation analysis (GCA) methods. RESULTS The contents of the
above 11 components were 7.993-72.866, 4.542-31.228, 727.666-1 901.884, 496.846-1 293.279, 1 995.501-6 779.150, 54.500-
241.280, 150.302-304.339, 79.698-189.206, 257.118-682.418, 5.498-21.687, 7.524-26.935 μg/g. CA, PCA and OPLS-DA results
showed that 20 batches of samples were grouped into 2 categories. Q1, Q3, Q4, Q7-Q9, Q12, Q15, Q16 were grouped into one
category, and the rest were grouped into another category; VIP values of ferulic acid, tanshinone ⅡA, baicalin, cryptotanshinone,
calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside and ononin were all greater than 1 (P<0.05). Both the entropy weight-TOPSIS and GCA methods
showed that the samples ranked in the top 11 according to the
Δ 基金项目 内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目(No.2025MS08135)
*第一作者 主管药师,硕士研究生。研究方向:中药质量控制方 euclidean distance and relative correlation degree were Q2,
法研究。E-mail:752296653@qq.com Q5, Q6, Q10, Q11, Q13, Q14, Q17-Q20. CONCLUSIONS
# 通信作者 主任医师。研究方向:中医药质量评价。E-mail: The established HPLC-MS/MS method is rapid, accurate and
714456564@qq.com highly sensitive. Combined with chemical pattern recognition
· 740 · China Pharmacy 2026 Vol. 37 No. 6 中国药房 2026年第37卷第6期

