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基于组学技术的中医药干预腹泻型肠易激综合征机制研究进展
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          高山雪 ,马佳乐 ,彭 龙 ,陈 婕 (1.天津中医药大学研究生院,天津 301617;2.天津中医药大学第二附属
                 1*
                                  2
                          2
          医院消化科,天津 300250)
          中图分类号  R574.4;R256      文献标志码  A      文章编号  1001-0408(2026)03-0401-06
          DOI  10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2026.03.22


          摘  要  腹泻型肠易激综合征(IBS-D)作为微生物群-肠-脑轴相关的典型疾病,其发病机制尚未完全明确,临床诊疗仍面临挑战。
          组学技术凭借高通量检测与系统性解析的优势,成为了解码中医药治疗IBS-D的复杂机制的关键工具。本文系统综述了转录组
          学、蛋白质组学、代谢组学、微生物组学及多组学整合技术在中医药干预IBS-D中的研究进展,发现在单一组学研究中,转录组学
          可通过RNA测序等技术,揭示中医药对IBS-D相关信号通路的调控机制;蛋白质组学可借助双向差异凝胶电泳、串联质谱标签等
          定量技术筛选出差异蛋白,阐明中医药治疗IBS-D的作用靶点;代谢组学可通过超高效液相色谱-四极杆-静电场轨道阱质谱、液相
          色谱-串联质谱等方法,发现中医药改善IBS-D代谢紊乱的相关通路;微生物组学可基于16S RNA基因测序,证实中医药能重塑肠
          道菌群结构,恢复肠道微生态平衡,从而改善IBS-D。多组学整合研究能进一步突破单一组学局限,整合转录组学、蛋白质组学、
          代谢组学、微生物组学等多方面信息,更加全面、系统地阐释中医药治疗IBS-D的复杂机制。未来应从中医证型分层临床研究、多
          组学整合验证机制、新兴组学挖掘新机制三方面推进IBS-D相关研究,为该病的精准诊疗提供更多创新思路。
          关键词  肠易激综合征;中医药;肠道微生态;转录组学;蛋白质组学;代谢组学;微生物组学;多组学整合

          Progress  in  mechanistic  research  on  traditional  Chinese  medicine  interventions  for  irritable  bowel
          syndrome with diarrhea based on omics technologies
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          GAO Shanxue ,MA Jiale ,PENG Long ,CHEN Jie (1.  Graduate  School,  Tianjin  University  of  Traditional
          Chinese  Medicine,  Tianjin  301617,  China;2.  Dept.  of  Gastroenterology,  Second Affiliated  Hospital  of  Tianjin
          University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300250, China)
          ABSTRACT   Irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (IBS-D), as a prototypical disorder involving the microbiota-gut-brain axis,
          remains  poorly  understood  in  terms  of  its  pathogenesis,  posing  ongoing  challenges  for  clinical  diagnosis.  Omics  technologies,
          leveraging  their  high-throughput  detection  and  systematic  analysis  advantages,  has  emerged  as  a  critical  tool  for  deciphering  the
          complex  mechanisms  underlying  traditional  Chinese  medicine (TCM)  treatment  of  IBS-D.  This  systematic  review  summarizes  the
          research  progress  of  transcriptomics,  proteomics,  metabolomics,  microbiomics,  and  multi-omics  integration  techniques  in  TCM
          interventions for IBS-D. In single-omics studies, transcriptomics using techniques like RNA-seq, reveals the regulatory mechanisms
          of  TCM  on  IBS-related  signaling  pathways.  Proteomics,  leveraging  quantitative  technologies  such  as  2D-difference  gel
          electrophoresis and tandem mass tag, identifies differentially expressed proteins and elucidates the action targets of TCM in treating
          IBS-D.  Metabolomics,  employing  methods  like  UPLC-Q-TOF-MS  and  LC-MS/MS,  discovers  metabolic  pathways  regulated  by
          TCM to improve metabolic disturbances in IBS-D. Microbiomics, based on 16S rRNA sequencing, confirms that TCM can reshape
          the  gut  microbiota  structure  and  restore  the  intestinal  microecological  balance,  thereby  improving  IBS-D.  Multi-omics  integration
          further  overcomes  the  limitations  of  single-omics  approaches  by  synthesizing  information  from  transcriptomics,  proteomics,
          metabolomics,  and  microbiomics,  enabling  a  more  comprehensive  and  systematic  elucidation  of  the  complex  mechanisms
          underlying  TCM  treatment  for  IBS-D.  In  the  future,  research  related  to  IBS-D  should  be  advanced  from  three  aspects:  stratified
          clinical  research  based  on  TCM  syndrome  types,  multi-omics  integration  verification  mechanisms,  and  emerging  omics  to  explore
          new mechanisms, providing more innovative ideas for the precise diagnosis and treatment of this disease.
          KEYWORDS    irritable  bowel  syndrome;  traditional  Chinese  medicine;  gut  microbiota;  transcriptomics;  proteomics;
          metabolomics; microbiomics; multi-omics integration



             Δ 基金项目 天 津 市 教 委 科 研 计 划 项 目(No. 2024ZD012,No.      组学技术是全面、系统分析生物体内各类生物分子
          2021KJ152)                                         的技术总称,涵盖转录组学、蛋白质组学、代谢组学、微
             *第一作者 硕士研究生。研究方向:功能性胃肠病。E-mail:
                                                             生物组学等。其依托高通量测序、质谱及生物信息学技
          18822195339@163.com
                                                             术,可实现从细胞至生物体的整体水平检测、生命活动
             # 通信作者 主任医师,硕士生导师,博士。研究方向:功能性胃肠
          病。E-mail:chenjie_zy@126.com                        相关数据分析,因而被广泛用于疾病机制研究、生物标


          中国药房  2026年第37卷第3期                                                 China Pharmacy  2026 Vol. 37  No. 3    · 401 ·
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