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黄芪甲苷对神经炎症的改善作用及机制研究
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王咪咪 ,冯永岗 ,韩 云 ,单凯欣 ,刘福宇 ,苗明三 ,方晓艳 (1. 河南中医药大学药学院,郑州
450046;2.驻马店市中心医院药学部,河南 驻马店 463000;3.豫药全产业链研发河南省协同创新中心,郑州
450046)
中图分类号 R965 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408(2026)01-0030-06
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2026.01.06
摘 要 目的 探讨黄芪甲苷对脂多糖(LPS)诱导的神经炎症的改善作用及机制。方法 将BV2细胞分为对照组、LPS组和黄芪
甲苷20、40 μmol/L组以及地塞米松组(2 μmol/L),给药处理后,除对照组外其余各组加入1 μg/mL的LPS 以诱导神经炎症细胞模
型,再检测各组细胞上清液中炎症因子[白细胞介素6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、一氧化氮(NO)]水平。将小鼠随机分为正
常组、模型组、阳性对照组(阿司匹林肠溶片,20 mg/kg)和黄芪甲苷低、高剂量组(10、20 mg/kg),每组6只。各组小鼠灌胃/腹腔注
射相应药物/生理盐水,每天1次,连续14 d。除正常组外,其余各组小鼠每天给药/生理盐水1 h后,腹腔注射LPS(250 μg/kg)建立
神经炎症动物模型。末次注射LPS 2 h后,检测小鼠血清中IL-6、TNF-α水平;观察小鼠脑组织病理学形态;观察小鼠脑皮质区诱
导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)/离子化钙结合衔接分子1(Iba1)和CD206/Iba1的共定位情况;检测小鼠脑组织中核因子κB(NF-κB)/丝
裂原活化蛋白激酶(MAPK)信号通路相关蛋白[NF-κB p65、磷酸化 NF-κB p65(p-NF-κB p65)、p38 MAPK、磷酸化 p38 MAPK(p-
p38 MAPK)、胞外信号调节激酶(ERK)、磷酸化ERK(p-ERK)]表达水平。结果 在细胞实验中,与对照组比较,LPS组细胞上清液
中 IL-6、TNF-α、NO 水平均显著升高(P<0.05);与 LPS 组比较,各给药组细胞上清液中 IL-6、TNF-α、NO 水平均显著降低(P<
0.05)。在动物实验中,与正常组比较,模型组小鼠血清中IL-6、TNF-α水平和脑皮质区iNOS/Iba1共定位阳性细胞数以及脑组织
中p38 MAPK、NF-κB p65、ERK蛋白的磷酸化水平均显著升高/增多(P<0.05),脑皮质区CD206/Iba1共定位阳性细胞数显著减少
(P<0.05),脑皮质区和海马CA3区神经元细胞排列紊乱;与模型组比较,各给药组小鼠上述定量指标均显著逆转(P<0.05),脑皮
质区和海马CA3区神经元细胞排列较为整齐。结论 黄芪甲苷可能通过抑制NF-κB/MAPK信号通路激活,促进小胶质细胞发生
M2型极化,进而抑制神经炎症反应。
关键词 黄芪甲苷;小胶质细胞;炎症;表型极化;神经保护
Improvement effects and mechanism of astragaloside Ⅳ on neuroinflammation
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WANG Mimi ,FENG Yonggang ,HAN Yun ,SHAN Kaixin ,LIU Fuyu ,MIAO Mingsan ,FANG Xiaoyan 1, 3
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(1. School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China;2. Dept. of
Pharmacy, Zhumadian Central Hospital, Henan Zhumadian 463000, China;3. Henan Collaborative Innovation
Center for the Whole Industry Chain Research and Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou
450046, China)
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To investigate the improvement effects and mechanism of astragaloside Ⅳ (AS- Ⅳ ) on
lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced neuroinflammation. METHODS BV2 cells were divided into control group, LPS group, AS-Ⅳ
groups at concentrations of 20 and 40 μmol/L, and dexamethasone group (2 μmol/L). Except for control group,
neuroinflammation model was established with LPS (1 μg/mL) in other groups after medication. The levels of inflammatory factors
[interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and nitric oxide (NO)] in cell supernatant were measured in each group.
Mice were randomly divided into normal group, model group, positive control group (Aspirin enteric-coated tablet, 20 mg/kg),
AS- Ⅳ low- and high-dose groups (10, 20 mg/kg), with 6 mice in each group. Mice in each group were administered the
corresponding drug/normal saline via gavage/intraperitoneal injection, once a day, for 14 consecutive days. Except for normal
group, other groups were intraperitoneally injected with LPS (250 μg/kg) 1 hour after daily administration of the drug/normal
saline to establish neuroinflammation model. Serum levels of IL-6 and TNF- α were measured 2 h after the last medication;
histopathological morphology of cerebral tissue in mice were observed; the co-localization of inducible nitric oxide synthase
(iNOS)/ionized calcium binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba1)
Δ 基金项目 国家自然科学基金项目(No.82274119);河南省重点
and CD206/Iba1 in the cerebral cortex region of mice was
研发专项(No.251111314100);河南省科技研发计划联合基金项目
observed; the expressions of proteins related to the nuclear
(No.222301420091)
*第一作者 硕士研究生。研究方向:中药药理学。E-mail: factor-κB (NF-κB)/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)
15039101896@163.com signaling pathway in brain tissue of mice were also
# 通信作者 教授,硕士生导师。研究方向:中药药理学。E-mail: determined, including NF-κB p65, phosphorylated NF-κB p65
fxylele@yeah.net (p-NF-κB p65), p38 MAPK, phosphorylated p38 MAPK (p-
· 30 · China Pharmacy 2026 Vol. 37 No. 1 中国药房 2026年第37卷第1期

