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中美急诊专科临床药师培训项目的比较与启示
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          容志欢 ,张雅聪 ,李继龙 ,张皓喆 ,张新平 (1. 河北医科大学医教协同与医学教育研究中心,石家庄
                 1*
                                            2
          050017;2.河北医科大学药学院,石家庄 050017;3.河北省儿童医院办公室,石家庄 050031)
          中图分类号  R95      文献标志码  A      文章编号  1001-0408(2025)23-2906-06
          DOI  10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2025.23.04

          摘   要  目的  比较中美两国急诊专科临床药师培训项目,为我国开展急诊专科临床药师培训提供有益借鉴。方法 通过检索美
          国卫生系统药师协会(ASHP)官网、美国急诊PGY2培训项目部分培训机构官网、我国国家卫生健康委官网、中国医院协会药事专
          业委员会网站等,获取急诊专科临床药师培训有关资料与数据,利用Excel软件、NVivo软件分析培训项目开展情况。通过中国知
          网、PubMed 等中英文数据库,进行相关主题检索,根据研究目的对检索到的文献进行筛选、梳理、分析。结果  美国现有急诊
          PGY2培训项目115个,提供专科药师培训岗位120个,项目分布在全美35个州,培训机构涵盖医院、医学中心、大学等类型,培训
          模式以医院模式+急诊监护模式为主;项目申请条件包括持有药学博士学位、持有药师执照、完成PGY1培训;培训标准涵盖能力
          领域、能力目标、学习目标3个层次,培训内容包括必修轮转、选修轮转、纵向培训3个部分;培训项目以形成性评估和总结性评估
          相结合的方式开展评估,评估结果分为4个等级。我国急诊专科临床药师培训目前仅有1个培训基地,年招收学员3名;报名条件
          主要对申请者的学历、专业、工作年限、职称等作出若干规定;培训内容涵盖综合素质、临床专业理论知识与技能、药物知识与应用
          能力、临床用药实践技能4个方面,培训过程以急诊科轮转为主;考核方式以理论考核、日常考核、结业考核相结合的形式进行。
          结论  美国急诊PGY2培训项目开展注重普惠性和专业性;项目申请具有严格的筛选机制,对学员具有优厚的激励机制;培训内容
          注重能力导向和实用性;考核评估方式与能力目标契合。我国急诊专科临床药师培训处于探索与起步阶段;项目申请条件宽松,
          对学员的激励不足;培训内容较为程式化、浅显化;考核评估方式仍以量化指标为主。在我国急诊专科临床药师培训项目的拓展
          和普及过程中,应在基地布局、申请条件、培训内容、考核方式等方面借鉴美国等发达国家先进经验,结合我国急诊临床实践的现
          实场景,不断提高急诊专科临床药师培训项目的普及度和培训效能。
          关键词  临床药师;急诊科;专科培训项目;PGY2

          Comparison  and  enlightenment  of  emergency  specialist  clinical  pharmacists  training  programs  between
          China and the United States
          RONG Zhihuan ,ZHANG Yacong ,LI Jilong ,ZHANG Haozhe ,ZHANG Xinping (1.  Medical  Education
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                        1
                                         2
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          Collaborative and Medical Education Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China;
          2.  School  of  Pharmacy,  Hebei  Medical  University,  Shijiazhuang  050017,  China;3.  Office  of  Hebei  Children’s
          Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050031, China)
          ABSTRACT    OBJECTIVE  To  compare  the  emergency  specialist  clinical  pharmacist  training  programs  between  China  and  the
          United  States,  providing  valuable  insight  for  the  development  of  specialized  clinical  pharmacist  training  in  emergency  departments
          within  China.  METHODS  By  reviewing  the  official  website  of  the American  Society  of  Health-System  Pharmacists (ASHP),  the
          websites  of  some  training  institutions  offering  PGY2  emergency  medicine (EM)  residency  programs  in  the  United  States,  the
          official  website  of  China’s  National  Health  Commission,  and  the  website  of  the  Pharmaceutical Affairs  Committee  of  the  Chinese
          Hospital  Association,  relevant  materials  and  data  on  the  training  of  emergency  medicine  clinical  pharmacists  were  collected.
          Microsoft  Excel  and  NVivo  software  were  utilized  to  analyze  the  implementation  status  of  these  training  programs.  Literature
          searches  were  conducted  via  Chinese (CNKI)  and  English (PubMed)  databases,  followed  by  screening,  categorization,  and
          thematic  analysis  aligned  with  research  objectives.  RESULTS  As  of  now,  there  are  115  accredited  PGY2  EM  residency  programs
          in  the  United  States,  which  provide  120  specialized  pharmacist  training  positions.  These  programs  are  distributed  across  35  states
          and  are  hosted  by  a  variety  of  institutions,  including  hospitals,  medical  centers,  and  universities. The  predominant  training  model
                                                              follows  a  hospital+acute  care  framework.  Eligibility  requirements
              Δ 基金项目 河北省人力资源和社会保障研究课题(No.JRS-2025-            for  PGY2  EM  residency  programs  include  possession  of  a
          3116)                                               doctor  of  pharmacy (Pharm.D.)  degree,  pharmacist  licensure,
             *第一作者 博士研究生。研究方向:药事管理、药学教育。
                                                              and  completion  of  a  PGY1  residency.  The  training  standards
          E-mail:rongzhihuan@hebmu.edu.cn
              # 通信作者 教授,博士生导师,博士。研究方向:中外医学教育比                 are  structured  into  three  tiers:  competency  areas,  competency
          较。E-mail:hbghzhang@126.com                          goals,  and  learning  objectives.  The  curriculum  typically


          · 2906 ·    China Pharmacy  2025 Vol. 36  No. 23                            中国药房  2025年第36卷第23期
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