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中美急诊专科临床药师培训项目的比较与启示
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容志欢 ,张雅聪 ,李继龙 ,张皓喆 ,张新平 (1. 河北医科大学医教协同与医学教育研究中心,石家庄
1*
2
050017;2.河北医科大学药学院,石家庄 050017;3.河北省儿童医院办公室,石家庄 050031)
中图分类号 R95 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408(2025)23-2906-06
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2025.23.04
摘 要 目的 比较中美两国急诊专科临床药师培训项目,为我国开展急诊专科临床药师培训提供有益借鉴。方法 通过检索美
国卫生系统药师协会(ASHP)官网、美国急诊PGY2培训项目部分培训机构官网、我国国家卫生健康委官网、中国医院协会药事专
业委员会网站等,获取急诊专科临床药师培训有关资料与数据,利用Excel软件、NVivo软件分析培训项目开展情况。通过中国知
网、PubMed 等中英文数据库,进行相关主题检索,根据研究目的对检索到的文献进行筛选、梳理、分析。结果 美国现有急诊
PGY2培训项目115个,提供专科药师培训岗位120个,项目分布在全美35个州,培训机构涵盖医院、医学中心、大学等类型,培训
模式以医院模式+急诊监护模式为主;项目申请条件包括持有药学博士学位、持有药师执照、完成PGY1培训;培训标准涵盖能力
领域、能力目标、学习目标3个层次,培训内容包括必修轮转、选修轮转、纵向培训3个部分;培训项目以形成性评估和总结性评估
相结合的方式开展评估,评估结果分为4个等级。我国急诊专科临床药师培训目前仅有1个培训基地,年招收学员3名;报名条件
主要对申请者的学历、专业、工作年限、职称等作出若干规定;培训内容涵盖综合素质、临床专业理论知识与技能、药物知识与应用
能力、临床用药实践技能4个方面,培训过程以急诊科轮转为主;考核方式以理论考核、日常考核、结业考核相结合的形式进行。
结论 美国急诊PGY2培训项目开展注重普惠性和专业性;项目申请具有严格的筛选机制,对学员具有优厚的激励机制;培训内容
注重能力导向和实用性;考核评估方式与能力目标契合。我国急诊专科临床药师培训处于探索与起步阶段;项目申请条件宽松,
对学员的激励不足;培训内容较为程式化、浅显化;考核评估方式仍以量化指标为主。在我国急诊专科临床药师培训项目的拓展
和普及过程中,应在基地布局、申请条件、培训内容、考核方式等方面借鉴美国等发达国家先进经验,结合我国急诊临床实践的现
实场景,不断提高急诊专科临床药师培训项目的普及度和培训效能。
关键词 临床药师;急诊科;专科培训项目;PGY2
Comparison and enlightenment of emergency specialist clinical pharmacists training programs between
China and the United States
RONG Zhihuan ,ZHANG Yacong ,LI Jilong ,ZHANG Haozhe ,ZHANG Xinping (1. Medical Education
1, 3
1
2
2
2
Collaborative and Medical Education Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China;
2. School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China;3. Office of Hebei Children’s
Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050031, China)
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To compare the emergency specialist clinical pharmacist training programs between China and the
United States, providing valuable insight for the development of specialized clinical pharmacist training in emergency departments
within China. METHODS By reviewing the official website of the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists (ASHP), the
websites of some training institutions offering PGY2 emergency medicine (EM) residency programs in the United States, the
official website of China’s National Health Commission, and the website of the Pharmaceutical Affairs Committee of the Chinese
Hospital Association, relevant materials and data on the training of emergency medicine clinical pharmacists were collected.
Microsoft Excel and NVivo software were utilized to analyze the implementation status of these training programs. Literature
searches were conducted via Chinese (CNKI) and English (PubMed) databases, followed by screening, categorization, and
thematic analysis aligned with research objectives. RESULTS As of now, there are 115 accredited PGY2 EM residency programs
in the United States, which provide 120 specialized pharmacist training positions. These programs are distributed across 35 states
and are hosted by a variety of institutions, including hospitals, medical centers, and universities. The predominant training model
follows a hospital+acute care framework. Eligibility requirements
Δ 基金项目 河北省人力资源和社会保障研究课题(No.JRS-2025- for PGY2 EM residency programs include possession of a
3116) doctor of pharmacy (Pharm.D.) degree, pharmacist licensure,
*第一作者 博士研究生。研究方向:药事管理、药学教育。
and completion of a PGY1 residency. The training standards
E-mail:rongzhihuan@hebmu.edu.cn
# 通信作者 教授,博士生导师,博士。研究方向:中外医学教育比 are structured into three tiers: competency areas, competency
较。E-mail:hbghzhang@126.com goals, and learning objectives. The curriculum typically
· 2906 · China Pharmacy 2025 Vol. 36 No. 23 中国药房 2025年第36卷第23期

