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芦荟苷通过调控巨噬细胞极化改善动脉粥样硬化的机制研究
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          田 野 ,陈线茹 ,梅向辉 ,李百超 ,杜文涛 (1.河北工程大学临床医学院,河北 邯郸 056038;2.河北工程
          大学附属医院心血管内科,河北 邯郸 056002)
          中图分类号  R965      文献标志码  A      文章编号  1001-0408(2025)22-2802-07
          DOI  10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2025.22.09

          摘   要  目的  探究芦荟苷(ALO)改善动脉粥样硬化(AS)的机制。方法  将8只C57BL/6J小鼠设为对照组(CON组),基础饲料
          喂养;将 32 只载脂蛋白 E 基因敲除(APOE )小鼠随机分为模型组(MOD 组),ALO 低、高剂量组[ALO-L、ALO-H 组,20、40
                                            -/-
          mg/(kg·d)]、阿托伐他汀阳性对照组[ATO组,4 mg/(kg·d)],每组8只,通过高脂饲料喂养构建AS小鼠模型。各组小鼠灌胃给药
          或等体积去离子水,持续8周。检测小鼠血脂水平,观察其主动脉病理结构变化,检测其主动脉中CD86 、CD206 表达,并检测其
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          主动脉中诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、精氨酸酶1(Arg-1)、白细胞介素10(IL-10) mRNA和iNOS、Arg-
          1 蛋白表达以及核因子 κB p65(NF-κB p65)、信号转导和转录激活因子 3(STAT3)蛋白的磷酸化水平。以脂多糖(LPS)诱导
          RAW264.7细胞构建巨噬细胞极化模型,考察ALO(400 μmol/L)对巨噬细胞极化的影响。结果  与MOD组相比,各给药小鼠的血
          脂(除ALO-L组小鼠血清中高密度脂蛋白胆固醇外)异常均被显著逆转(P<0.05),主动脉内膜结构亦明显改善,斑块面积均显著
          缩小(P<0.01),主动脉中CD86 相对荧光强度均显著降低、CD206 相对荧光强度均显著升高(P<0.01),iNOS、TNF-α mRNA表达
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          水平均显著降低(P<0.05);ALO-H 组、ATO 组小鼠主动脉中 Arg-1、IL-10 mRNA 及 Arg-1 蛋白表达水平均显著升高(P<0.05),
          iNOS蛋白表达水平及NF-κB p65、STAT3蛋白的磷酸化水平均显著降低(P<0.05)。细胞实验结果显示,ALO可显著降低LPS诱
          导的 M1 型巨噬细胞比例(P<0.01),升高 M2 型巨噬细胞比例(P<0.01)。结论  ALO 可抑制巨噬细胞向 M1 型极化并促进其向
          M2型极化,改善AS模型小鼠血脂代谢紊乱,减少主动脉斑块形成,改善主动脉内膜结构;该作用机制可能与抑制NF-κB/STAT3
          信号通路有关。
          关键词  芦荟苷;动脉粥样硬化;巨噬细胞极化;NF-κB/STAT3信号通路


          Mechanism of aloin ameliorating atherosclerosis through regulating macrophage polarization
          TIAN Ye ,CHEN Xianru ,MEI Xianghui ,LI Baichao ,DU Wentao(1.  School  of  Clinical  Medicine,  Hebei
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          University  of  Engineering,  Hebei  Handan  056038,  China;2.  Dept.  of  Cardiovascular  Medicine,  the  Affiliated
          Hospital of Hebei University of Engineering, Hebei Handan 056002, China)
          ABSTRACT    OBJECTIVE  To  investigate  the  mechanism  by  which  aloin (ALO)  ameliorates  atherosclerosis (AS).  METHODS
          Eight C57BL/6J mice were assigned to the control group (CON group) and fed a standard diet; thirty-two apolipoprotein E-knockout
         (APOE )  mice  were  randomly  divided  into  model  group (MOD  group), ALO  low-dose  and  high-dose  groups  [ALO-L  group,
                -/-
          ALO-H  group,  20,  40  mg/(kg·d)],  and  atorvastatin  positive  control  group  [ATO  group,  4  mg/(kg·d)],  with  8  mice  in  each
          group, establishing the AS model through feeding with a high-fat diet. The mice were administered the drug via gavage or given an
          equal  volume  of  deionized  water  for  8  consecutive  weeks.  The  lipid  levels  in  the  serum  of  mice  were  measured,  and  the
          pathological  structural  changes  in  their  aortas  were  observed.  The  expressions  of  macrophage  polarization  markers (CD86 ,
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          CD206 )  in  the  aorta  were  determined,  along  with  the  mRNA  expressions  of  inducible  nitric  oxide  synthase (iNOS),  tumor
               +
          necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), arginase-1 (Arg-1), and interleukin-10 (IL-10), as well as the protein expressions of iNOS and Arg-
          1,  and  the  phosphorylation  levels  of  nuclear  factor  κB  p65 (NF-κB  p65)  and  signal  transduction  and  activator  of  transcription  3
         (STAT3)  proteins.  Additionally,  a  macrophage  polarization  model  was  established  using  lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced
          RAW264.7  cells,  and  the  effect  of  ALO (400  μmol/L)  on  the  cellular  polarization  phenotype  was  investigated.  RESULTS
          Compared with the MOD group, administration groups all showed significant improvement in dyslipidemia (except for high-density
          lipoprotein  cholesterol  in  the  serum  of ALO-L  group) (P<0.05);  aortic  intimal  structure  improved  significantly,  plaque  area  was
                                                              reduced  significantly (P<0.01);  the  CD86   relative  fluorescence
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              Δ  基金项目 邯 郸 市 科 学 技 术 研 究 与 发 展 计 划 项 目(No.     intensity  in  the  aorta  decreased  significantly,  the  CD206
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          19422083011-11)                                     relative  fluorescence  intensity  increased  significantly  (P<
             *第一作者 硕士研究生。研究方向:心血管疾病基础。E-mail:
                                                              0.01), while the expressions of iNOS and TNF-α mRNA were
          17760270029@163.com
              # 通信作者 主任医师,硕士生导师,博士。研究方向:冠心病基础                 down-regulated significantly (P<0.05); mRNA expressions of
          及介入治疗。E-mail:1961147104@qq.com                      Arg-1  and  IL-10,  and  protein  expression  of  Arg-1  were


          · 2802 ·    China Pharmacy  2025 Vol. 36  No. 22                            中国药房  2025年第36卷第22期
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