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当归有机酸的低共熔溶剂提取工艺优化及机制研究
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陈丽元 ,陈志松 ,钱加芬 ,陈新利 ,常伟宇 ,吴 晖 (1.昆明医科大学第一附属医院临床药学中心,昆明
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650032;2.昆明医科大学第一附属医院心脏内二科,昆明 650032)
中图分类号 R284.2 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408(2025)22-2783-07
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2025.22.06
摘 要 目的 优化当归有机酸的低共熔溶剂(DESs)提取工艺,并进行表征、抗氧化活性评价和提取机制分析。方法 采用基于
片段活度系数的真实溶剂化模拟的类导体屏蔽模型(COSMO-SAC)筛选DESs种类;以总有机酸含量为响应值,通过单因素实验
和Box-Behnken响应面法对提取工艺进行优化。以当归饮片和(或)当归甲醇提取物为参照,利用扫描电子显微镜、傅里叶变换红
外光谱(FTIR)仪对产物进行表征,并进行1,1-二苯基-2-苦肼基(DPPH)、2,2′-联氮-双(3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸)(ABTS)自由基
清除能力检测。利用量子化学密度泛函理论分析DESs对阿魏酸、绿原酸的提取机制。结果与结论 最适DESs为氧化胆碱-丙二
醇;当归有机酸最优提取工艺为氯化胆碱-丙二醇摩尔比为1∶1、DESs含水量70%、料液比1∶10、加热温度57 ℃、加热搅拌时间8
min。3次验证实验的总有机酸含量为2.92 mg/g,与预测值(2.91 mg/g)的相对误差为0.34%。与当归饮片、甲醇提取物相比,DESs
提取物的团粒结构几乎消失,表面有类似肠壁的褶皱;与甲醇提取物相比,其 FTIR 特征峰强度及峰面积积分更高,对 DPPH、
ABTS自由基的清除能力均更强。DESs对当归有机酸的提取,是极性匹配、氢键作用及结构适配共同作用的结果。
关键词 当归;低共熔溶剂;阿魏酸;绿原酸;COSMO-SAC;Box-Behnken响应面法;工艺优化
Deep eutectic solvents-based extraction of organic acids from Angelica sinensis: process optimization and
mechanistic insights
CHEN Liyuan ,CHEN Zhisong ,QIAN Jiafen ,CHEN Xinli ,CHANG Weiyu ,WU Hui(1. Clinical Pharmacy
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Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, China;2. Dept. of
Cardiology Ⅱ, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, China)
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To optimize the extraction process of organic acids from Angelica sinensis using deep eutectic
solvents (DESs), and conduct characterization, antioxidant activity evaluation, and extraction mechanism analysis. METHODS
The conductor-like screening model for realistic solvation with segment activity coefficients (COSMO-SAC) was employed to
screen the types of DESs. With total organic acid content as the response value, single-factor experiments and Box-Behnken
response-surface methodology were used to optimize the extraction conditions. Using A. sinensis decoction pieces and/or A. sinensis
methanol extract as references, scanning electron microscope and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) were applied to
characterize the products. Additionally, the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-
sulfonic acid) (ABTS) free radical scavenging capacities were determined. Density functional theory (DFT) was used to analyze
the extraction mechanism of ferulic acid and chlorogenic acid by the DESs. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS The optimal DESs was
choline chloride-propanediol. The optimal extraction conditions for organic acids from A. sinensis were as follows: choline chloride-
propanediol molar ratio of 1∶1, DESs water content of 70%, solid-liquid ratio of 1∶10, heating temperature of 57 ℃, and heating
and stirring time of 8 min. In three validation experiments, the total organic acid content was 2.92 mg/g, yielding a relative error of
0.34% compared to the predicted value (2.91 mg/g). Compared with A. sinensis decoction pieces and methanol extracts, the
agglomerated structure of the DESs extract powder almost disappeared, showing the presence of lamellar structures similar to those
of the intestinal wall. Compared with the methanol extract, the DES extract exhibited higher FTIR characteristic peak intensity and
peak area integration, as well as stronger scavenging capacities against DPPH and ABTS free radicals. The extraction of organic
acids from A. sinensis by DESs is the result of the combined
Δ 基金项目 云南省科技厅科学技术项目-中青年学术和技术带头
人后备人才项目(No.202305AC160016);云南省临床药学中心建设单 effects of polarity matching, hydrogen bonding, and structural
位项目(No.2023LCYXZ013) adaptation.
*第一作者 主管药师,硕士。研究方向:制剂研发、医院药学。 KEYWORDS Angelica sinensis; deep eutectic solvents;
E-mail:1070162150@qq.com
ferulic acid; chlorogenic acid; COSMO-SAC; Box-Behnken
# 通信作者 主任药师,硕士。研究方向:医院药学。E-mail:
kyz_ggyx@163.com response-surface methodology; process optimization
中国药房 2025年第36卷第22期 China Pharmacy 2025 Vol. 36 No. 22 · 2783 ·

