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·综述·


          支气管哮喘气道黏液高分泌的发病机制及中药干预研究进展
                                                                                                        Δ

          陈瑞怡    1, 2* ,春 柳  1, 3, 4 ,李伟珂 ,杨 菊 ,王至婉        1, 3, 4 # [1. 河南中医药大学第一附属医院国家区域中医
                                                 1, 2
                                       1, 2
         (肺病)诊疗中心,郑州 450003;2.河南中医药大学第一临床医学院,郑州 450003;3.呼吸疾病诊疗与新药研
          发河南省协同创新中心,郑州 450003;4.河南省中医药防治呼吸病重点实验室,郑州 450003]

          中图分类号  R965;R285.5      文献标志码  A      文章编号  1001-0408(2025)22-2862-06
          DOI  10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2025.22.19

          摘   要  支气管哮喘(简称“哮喘”)是呼吸系统常见的慢性气道炎症疾病之一,迁延难愈。气道黏液高分泌(AMH)是导致哮喘急
          性发作的重要因素。中药具有多途径、多靶点、多环节的治疗优势,其在干预哮喘AMH方面的作用机制逐渐受到关注。中药基于
          祛痰化饮等方法干预哮喘,可有效缓解患者症状。本文综述发现,哮喘AMH的发病机制与黏液纤毛清除功能下降和黏液分泌功
          能增强相关;单味中药(桔梗等)、中药有效成分(清半夏多糖等)及中药复方(清热化痰方药等)可通过调控磷脂酰肌醇3激酶/蛋白
          激酶B、Janus激酶/信号转导及转录激活蛋白等信号通路,抑制气道炎症反应和氧化应激以及恢复黏液层自身水盐比例来改善哮
          喘AMH。
          关键词  支气管哮喘;气道黏液高分泌;中医药;发病机制

          Research  progress  on  the  pathogenesis  of  airway  mucus  hypersecretion  in  bronchial  asthma  and  the
          intervention of traditional Chinese medicine
                                               1, 2
                      1, 2
          CHEN Ruiyi ,CHUN Liu     1, 3, 4 ,LI Weike ,YANG Ju ,WANG Zhiwan  1, 3, 4 [1.  National  Regional  Center  for
                                                           1, 2
          Traditional  Chinese  Medicine (Pulmonary  Disease)  Diagnosis  and  Treatment,  the  First  Affiliated  Hospital  of
          Henan  University  of  Chinese  Medicine,  Zhengzhou  450003,  China;2.  First  Clinical  Medical  College  of  Henan
          University  of  Chinese  Medicine,  Zhengzhou  450003,  China;3.  Henan  Collaborative  Innovation  Center  for
          Diagnosis,  Treatment  and  New  Drug  Development  of  Respiratory  Diseases,  Zhengzhou  450003,  China;4.
          Henan Key Lab of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Zhengzhou 450003, China]

          ABSTRACT    Bronchial  asthma (abbreviated  as  asthma)  is  one  of  the  common  chronic  airway  inflammatory  diseases  in  the
          respiratory system, which is difficult to cure. Airway mucus hypersecretion (AMH) is an important factor leading to acute asthma
          attacks.  Traditional  Chinese  medicine (TCM)  possesses  therapeutic  advantages  characterized  by  multiple  pathways,  multiple
          targets, and multiple links, and its mechanism of action in intervening in AMH has gradually drawn attention. TCM can effectively
          alleviate  the  symptoms  of  patients  by  intervening  in  asthma  through  methods  such  as  eliminating  phlegm  and  eliminating  fluid
          retention.  This  review  finds  that  the  pathogenesis  of  asthma-associated  AMH  is  correlated  with  decreased  mucociliary  clearance
          function  and  enhanced  mucus  secretion  function;  single  TCM (such  as  Platycodon  grandiflorum),  effective  components  of  TCM
         (such as pinellia polysaccharides), and compound prescriptions (mainly heat-clearing and phlegm-resolving prescriptions, etc.) can
          improve  asthma-associated  AMH  by  regulating  the  PI3K/Akt  and  JAK/STAT  signaling  pathways,  inhibiting  airway  inflammatory
          responses, oxidative stress, and recovering the water-salt ratio of the mucus layer itself.
          KEYWORDS     bronchial asthma; airway mucus hypersecretion; traditional Chinese medicine; pathogenesis; research progress


              支气管哮喘(简称“哮喘”)是一种以慢性气道炎症                         生频率和强度可随时间波动,并伴随可变呼气气流受
                                                                [1]
          为特征的异质性疾病。该病病程长、易迁延难愈,临床                            限 。据全球哮喘防治创议预测,到 2025 年,全球哮喘
          症状主要包括喘息、气促、胸闷和咳嗽等,这些症状的发                           患者人数可能增至 4 亿 。由此可见,哮喘已成为一个
                                                                                  [2]
              Δ 基金项目 国家自然科学基金面上项目(No.81973791);河南省            全球性的重大公共卫生问题,对其开展有效防治、减轻
          中医药科学研究专项课题(No.20-21ZY1020)                         相应的疾病与经济负担至关重要。
             *第一作者 硕士研究生。研究方向:中医药防治呼吸系统疾病。
                                                                  气 道 黏 液 高 分 泌(airway  mucus  hypersecretion,
          E-mail:2099038381@qq.com
                                                              AMH)是哮喘的主要病理生理特征,其过度分泌可加重
              # 通信作者 主任医师,教授,博士生导师,博士。研究方向:中医
                                                                                             [3]
          药防治呼吸系统疾病。E-mail:zhiwan_w@163.com                   气道阻塞,严重时甚至危及患者生命 。因此,探索有效

          · 2862 ·    China Pharmacy  2025 Vol. 36  No. 22                            中国药房  2025年第36卷第22期
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