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·药物与临床·
复方磺胺甲噁唑及其代谢物血药峰浓度与危重症患者临床疗效
及不良反应的相关性研究
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符香香 1, 2* ,钟莉莉 ,顾江帆 ,梅蒙玉 ,李欣欣 ,邓 阳 ,王 敏 (1. 海南医科大学药学院,海口 571199;
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2.长沙市第三医院抗耐药微生物药物湖南省重点实验室,长沙 410015;3.海南省人民医院/海南医科大学附属
海南医院药学部,海口 570311)
中图分类号 R978.2 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408(2025)14-1775-06
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2025.14.15
摘 要 目的 分析复方磺胺甲噁唑(简称“TMP/SMZ”)及其代谢物N-乙酰基磺胺甲噁唑(NSMZ)血药峰浓度(cmax )与危重症患者
临床疗效及不良反应的相关性。方法 回顾性收集2023年12月至2025年1月海南省人民医院重症监护室(ICU)使用TMP/SMZ
治疗的危重症患者资料,按治疗后是否成功分为成功组和失败组。采用简单线性回归和 Spearman 相关分析法分析 TMP cmax、
SMZ cmax及NSMZ cmax与临床疗效及不良反应的相关性;采用受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)预测不良反应发生时的截断值。结果 在
入住ICU 24 h内急性生理与慢性健康评分Ⅱ(APACHE-Ⅱ)≥15分的危重症患者中,成功组患者的SMZ cmax显著高于失败组(P<
0.05)。TMP/SMZ 每日总剂量与 TMP cmax、SMZ cmax呈正相关(P<0.05)。TMP cmax与肝毒性和肾毒性、SMZ cmax与肝毒性、NSMZ
cmax与肾毒性有相关性(P<0.05)。TMP cmax预测肾毒性和肝毒性的截断值分别为7.25、6.63 μg/mL,SMZ cmax预测肝毒性的截断值
为 138.00 μg/mL,NSMZ cmax预测肾毒性的截断值为 60.76 μg/mL。结论 入住 ICU 24 h 内 APACHE-Ⅱ≥15 分的危重症患者中,
SMZ cmax与治疗成功存在关联。TMP cmax≥6.63 μg/mL、SMZ cmax≥138.00 μg/mL时,患者的肝毒性发生风险显著增加;TMP cmax≥
7.25 μg/mL、NSMZ cmax≥60.76 μg/mL时,患者的肾毒性发生风险显著增加。
关键词 复方磺胺甲噁唑;N-乙酰基磺胺甲噁唑;危重症患者;血药峰浓度;临床疗效;不良反应
Study on the correlation of peak blood concentrations of compound sulfamethoxazole and its metabolites
with clinical efficacy and adverse reactions in critically ill patients
FU Xiangxiang ,ZHONG Lili ,GU Jiangfan ,MEI Mengyu ,LI Xinxin ,DENG Yang ,WANG Min(1. School
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of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China;2. Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Anti-
resistance Microbial Drugs, the Third Hospital of Changsha, Changsha 410015, China;3. Dept. of Pharmacy,
Hainan General Hospital/Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570311, China)
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To analyze the correlation of the peak blood concentration (cmax ) of compound sulfamethoxazole
(TMP/SMZ) and its metabolite N-acetyl sulfamethoxazole (NSMZ) with clinical efficacy and adverse reactions in critically ill
patients. METHODS The data of critically ill patients treated with TMP/SMZ in various ICU of Hainan General Hospital from
December 2023 to January 2025 were retrospectively collected. The patients were divided into success group and failure group
based on the treatment outcome. Simple linear regression and Spearman correlation analysis were used to analyze the correlation of
TMP cmax, SMZ cmax, and NSMZ cmax with clinical efficacy and adverse reactions. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC)
was used to determine the cutoff values of cmax for predicting the occurrence of adverse reactions. RESULTS Among critically ill
patients with an acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHE-Ⅱ) ≥15 points 24 h of check-in at ICU, SMZ cmax
of success group was significantly higher than failure group (P<0.05). The daily total dose of TMP/SMZ was positively correlated
with TMP cmax and SMZ cmax (P<0.05). TMP cmax was significantly
Δ 基金项目 海 南 省 卫 生 健 康 科 技 创 新 联 合 项 目(No. correlated with hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity, SMZ cmax
WSJK2025QN074);国家自然科学基金项目(No.82060749);海南省自 with hepatotoxicity, and NSMZ cmax with nephrotoxicity (P<
然科学基金高层次人才项目(No.821RC678);长沙市第三医院抗耐药 0.05). The cutoff values of TMP cmax for predicting nephrotoxicity
微生物药物湖南省重点实验室开放课题(No.2023TP1013-06);海南医
and hepatotoxicity were 7.25 μg/mL and 6.63 μg/mL, respectively.
学院校级创新科研项目(No.HYYS2022B14) The cutoff value of SMZ cmax for predicting hepatotoxicity was
*第一作者 硕士研究生。研究方向:临床药学、药代动力学。
138.00 μg/mL, and that of NSMZ cmax for predicting nephrotoxicity
E-mail:2514868927@qq.com
# 通信作者 主任药师,硕士。研究方向:临床药学、药代动力学。 was 60.76 μg/mL. CONCLUSIONS Among critically ill
E-mail:wangmin2020@muhn.edu.cn patients with an APACHE-Ⅱ ≥15 points 24 h of check-in at
中国药房 2025年第36卷第14期 China Pharmacy 2025 Vol. 36 No. 14 · 1775 ·