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中医药治疗小儿感冒夹滞证的临床研究进展
Δ
1 #
吕伟奇 ,易进海 ,樵星芳 (1.重庆市中药研究院中药新药创制川渝共建重点实验室,重庆 400065;2.四川
1*
2
省中医药科学院中药新药创制川渝共建重点实验室,成都 610041)
中图分类号 R969;R285.6;R272 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408(2025)11-1411-06
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2025.11.22
摘 要 现代儿童生活方式和饮食环境的变化导致小儿感冒夹滞证成为最常见的儿童易发疾病之一。中医认为,该病的内因主
要体现在肺脾不足、防御功能薄弱,外因则多为外界风邪或疫气侵袭;该病的病机是先生食滞后患外感,或是先患外感后生夹滞。
中医药采用辨证论治体系,针对性利用中药内治法(采用幼科升降汤、达原饮加减方、黄花双解汤、三阳清解煎剂、半夏泻心汤、小
儿豉翘清热颗粒、保济口服液等中药方剂或中成药)、中医外治法(采用推拿、针灸、穴位敷贴等)、联合治疗法(内治联合外治、中药
联合西药)、未病先防法治疗小儿感冒夹滞证,在改善临床症状和提高治疗有效率方面显示出独特优势,但也存在临床研究规范性
和深度不足等缺陷。
关键词 儿童;感冒夹滞证;中医药;病因;病机;临床研究
Clinical research progress of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of children’s cold stagnation
syndrome
1
LYU Weiqi ,YI Jinhai ,QIAO Xingfang(1. Sichuan-Chongqing Joint Key Laboratory of Innovation of New
2
1
Drugs of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica, Chongqing 400065,
China;2. Sichuan-Chongqing Joint Key Laboratory of Innovation of New Drugs of Traditional Chinese
Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China)
ABSTRACT The changes in modern children’s lifestyles and dietary environments have led to children’s cold stagnation
syndrome becoming one of the most common pediatric conditions. Traditional Chinese medicine attributes its internal causes
primarily to lung-spleen deficiency and weak defensive functions, while external causes predominantly involve invasion by external
pathogens such as wind or epidemic qi. The pathogenesis involves either initial food stagnation followed by external contraction or
primary external contraction leading to secondary stagnation. Traditional Chinese medicine employs a syndrome differentiation and
treatment system, utilizing targeted approaches such as internal therapies (Chinese herbal formulas or patent medicines, such as
Youke shengjiang decoction, modified Dayuanyin formula, Huanghua shuangjie decoction, Sanyang qingjie decoction, Banxia
xiexin decoction, Xiao’er chiqiao qingre granule, Baoji oral liquid, etc.), external therapies (massage, acupuncture, acupoint
applications), combined therapies (integrating internal-external treatments or Chinese-Western medicine), and preventive therapy at
the pre-disease stage. These methods demonstrate unique advantages in alleviating clinical symptoms and improving treatment
efficacy. However, limitations persist, including insufficient standardization in clinical research and a lack of in-depth mechanistic
studies.
KEYWORDS children; cold stagnation syndrome; traditional Chinese medicine; etiology; pathogenesis; clinical research
感冒作为全球范围内分布广泛的呼吸系统疾病,具 涕等症状为主要临床表现,多见于气温骤升骤降时期;
有病因复杂、患病率高的特点,一般可分为普通感冒和 流行性感冒暴发迅速、传染性强,临床症状与普通感冒
流行性感冒 。普通感冒以恶寒发热、头晕头痛、鼻塞流 相似,具有季节性 。小儿脏腑娇嫩、免疫力较弱,对环
[1]
[2]
境变化敏感,有易寒易热、易虚易实的生理特点 ,易受
[3]
Δ 基金项目 重庆市技术创新与应用发展专项重点项目(No. 细菌和病毒侵袭,是感冒的易感人群,有极高的患病率
CSTB2023TIAD-KPX0103) 和复发率。中医认为,小儿有形气未充的生理特点,因
*第一作者 助理研究员,博士。研究方向:中药质量评价及药效
此小儿感冒与成人感冒相比,除发热、恶寒等常见症状
物质基础。E-mail:lvweiqi1991@163.com
# 通信作者 研究员,硕士。研究方向:中药新药研究与开发。 外,更易出现“夹滞”“夹痰”“夹惊”3个证型,其中临床以
E-mail:745647159@qq.com “夹滞”较为常见,即患儿在感冒时,兼有不思乳食、食而
中国药房 2025年第36卷第11期 China Pharmacy 2025 Vol. 36 No. 11 · 1411 ·