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孟河医派大黄煨制工艺优化及炮制后化学成分含量变化研究 Δ
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薛江林 ,刘雨欣 ,钟 佩 ,刘产明 ,陆兔林 ,李 林 ,颜晓静 ,朱月琴 ,华 丰 ,黄 玮 (1.南京中医药大
学常州附属医院药学部,江苏 常州 213003;2.南京中医药大学药学院,南京 210023;3.南京中医药大学常州
附属医院常州市孟河医派人用经验研究与转化重点实验室,江苏 常州 213003)
中图分类号 R283;R917 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408(2025)01-0044-07
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2025.01.08
摘 要 目的 优化孟河医派大黄煨制工艺,并比较炮制前后的化学成分含量差异。方法 以外观性状评分以及没食子酸、5-羟甲
基糠醛、番泻苷A+番泻苷B、结合蒽醌、游离蒽醌含量为评价指标,采用层次分析(AHP)-熵权法计算评价指标的综合评分;再以文
火温度、煨制时间、纸张层数、纸裹时间为考察因素,采用正交实验优选大黄煨制工艺,并进行验证。比较按最优工艺制备的煨大
黄和生大黄中5种蒽醌类成分(芦荟大黄素、大黄酸、大黄素、大黄酚和大黄素甲醚)、5种蒽醌苷类成分(芦荟大黄素苷、大黄酸苷、
大黄素苷、大黄酚苷和大黄素甲醚苷)、2种番泻苷类成分(番泻苷A、番泻苷B)以及没食子酸和5-羟甲基糠醛的含量变化。结果
大黄的最优煨制工艺为:每80 g大黄用1层湿纸包裹0.5 h,大火煨制20 min后转文火140 ℃煨制,总煨制时间2.5 h;3次验证实验
的综合评分均值为94.10(RSD<1.0%)。大黄煨制后,5种蒽醌苷类成分和2种番泻苷类成分的含量均大幅降低,而5种游离蒽醌
类成分和没食子酸的含量均不同程度升高,且有新成分5-羟甲基糠醛生成。结论 本研究成功优化了大黄的煨制工艺;大黄煨制
前后化学成分含量差异较大,其成分变化可阐释煨制对生大黄缓性增效的作用。
关键词 煨大黄;大黄;层次分析;熵权法;正交实验;成分变化规律;孟河医派
Optimization of simmering technology of Rheum palmatum from Menghe Medical School and the changes
of chemical components after processing
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XUE Jianglin ,LIU Yuxin ,ZHONG Pei ,LIU Chanming ,LU Tulin ,LI Lin ,YAN Xiaojing ,ZHU Yueqin ,
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HUA Feng ,HUANG Wei(1. Dept. of Pharmacy, Changzhou Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of
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Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Changzhou 213003, China;2. School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese
Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China;3. Changzhou Key Lab for Human Experience Research and Transformation
of Menghe Medical School, Changzhou Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu
Changzhou 213003, China)
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To optimize the simmering technology of Rheum palmatum from Menghe Medical School and
compare the difference of chemical components before and after processing. METHODS Using appearance score, the contents of
gallic acid, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF), sennoside A+sennoside B, combined anthraquinone and free anthraquinone as
indexes, analytic hierarchy process (AHP)-entropy weight method was used to calculate the comprehensive score of evaluation
indicators; the orthogonal experiment was designed to optimize the processing technology of simmering R. palmatum with fire
temperature, simmering time, paper layer number and paper wrapping time as factors; validation test was conducted. The changes
in the contents of five anthraquinones (aloe-emodin, rhein, emodin, chrysophanol, physcion), five anthraquinone glycosides
(barbaloin, rheinoside, rhubarb glycoside, emodin glycoside, and emodin methyl ether glycoside), two sennosides (sennoside A,
sennoside B), gallic acid and 5-HMF were compared between simmered R. palmatum prepared by optimized technology and R.
palmatum. RESULTS The optimal processing conditions of R.
Δ 基金项目 国家中医药管理局中药炮制技术传承创新项目(No.
GZY-KJS-2022-050);国家中药炮制技术传承基地建设项目(No. 财社 palmatum was as follows: each 80 g R. palmatum was wrapped
〔2022〕45号);常州市孟河医派传承创新发展项目(No.MH202429);江 with a layer of wet paper for 0.5 h, simmered on high heat for
苏省研究生实践创新计划项目(No.SJCX23_0860) 20 min and then simmered at 140 ℃, the total simmering time
*第一作者 硕士研究生。研究方向:临床中药学和中药炮制。
was 2.5 h. The average comprehensive score of 3 validation
E-mail:xuejiangl@163.com
# 通信作者 主任中药师,硕士生导师。研究方向:临床中药学及 tests was 94.10 (RSD<1.0%). After simmering, the contents
中药炮制。E-mail:huangwei312@126.com of five anthraquinones and two sennosides were decreased
· 44 · China Pharmacy 2025 Vol. 36 No. 1 中国药房 2025年第36卷第1期