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          细胞增殖 ,利拉鲁肽可以抑制过敏原诱导的肺部炎症                                 receptor agonists and the risk of thyroid cancer[J]. Diabe‐
                      [36]
          反应及纤维化 ,但相关的临床研究资料不多。本Meta                               tes Care,2023,46(2):384-390.
          分析显示,司美格鲁肽不增加T2DM患者乳腺癌和肺癌                           [ 8 ]  CAPEHORN M S,CATARIG A M,FURBERG J K,et al.
          的发生风险,但 GLP-1RA 类药物是否具有抑制乳腺癌                             Efficacy  and  safety  of  once-weekly  semaglutide  1.0  mg
                                                                   vs. once-daily liraglutide 1.2 mg as add-on to 1-3 oral anti‐
          或肺癌发生、发展作用仍需证实。
                                                                   diabetic drugs in subjects with type 2 diabetes (SUSTAIN
              本研究具有如下优势:(1)本文纳入的研究全部为
                                                                   10)[J]. Diabetes Metab,2020,46(2):100-109.
          RCT,包括2项司美格鲁肽心血管结局(CVOT)试验,由
                                                              [ 9 ]  ARODA  V  R,ROSENSTOCK  J,TERAUCHI  Y,et  al.
          于具有设计规范、分组科学、影响因素少等特点,得出的
                                                                   PIONEER 1:randomized clinical trial of the efficacy and
          结论能够更为客观地反映研究结果。(2)恶性肿瘤事件
                                                                   safety  of  oral  semaglutide  monotherapy  in  comparison
          的发生率相对较低,其发生也需要药物较长时间的暴                                  with placebo in patients with type 2 diabetes[J]. Diabetes
          露,本Meta分析纳入的研究中病例数超过500例的占比                              Care,2019,42(9):1724-1732.
          在70%以上,平均试验周期为(49.3±12.9)周,试验周期                     [10]  RODBARD H W,ROSENSTOCK J,CANANI L H,et al.
          较长,在一定程度上保证了本次 Meta 分析结果的可靠                              Oral  semaglutide  versus  empagliflozin  in  patients  with
          性。本研究的不足之处在于:(1)目前司美格鲁肽在                                 type 2 diabetes uncontrolled on metformin:the PIONEER
          T2DM患者的评价主要集中在血糖控制、体重管理和总                                2 trial[J]. Diabetes Care,2019,42(12):2272-2281.
          体安全性等方面,恶性肿瘤事件并非其一级终点事件,                            [11]  ROSENSTOCK  J,ALLISON  D,BIRKENFELD  A  L,
          因而绝大多数恶性肿瘤事件主要从安全性数据中提取。                                 et  al.  Effect  of  additional  oral  semaglutide  vs.  sitagliptin
                                                                   on glycated hemoglobin in adults with type 2 diabetes un‐
         (2)恶性肿瘤事件例数相对较少,且缺乏特定的诊断标
                                                                   controlled with metformin alone or with sulfonylurea:the
          准和筛查程序,这些均有可能对研究结果带来一定
                                                                   PIONEER  3  randomized  clinical  trial[J].  JAMA,2019,
          偏倚。
                                                                   321(15):1466-1480.
              总之,本研究基于24项RCT的Meta分析结果显示,
                                                              [12]  PRATLEY R,AMOD A,HOFF S T,et al. Oral semaglu‐
          未发现司美格鲁肽可致恶性肿瘤风险增加,但仍需开展
                                                                   tide versus subcutaneous liraglutide and placebo in type 2
          以恶性肿瘤事件为主要终点结局的高质量、大样本、长                                 diabetes (PIONEER  4):a  randomised,double-blind,
          期随访的临床研究,为T2DM患者的治疗提供参考。                                 phase 3a trial[J]. Lancet,2019,394(10192):39-50.
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          · 122 ·    China Pharmacy  2025 Vol. 36  No. 1                               中国药房  2025年第36卷第1期
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