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Label-free quantitative proteomic analysis to screen differentially expressed genes and proteins, which were then subjected to Kyoto
          encyclopedia  of  genes  and  genomes  (KEGG)  enrichment  analysis.  The  expression  levels  of  Apelin  peptide  (Apelin),
          phosphatidylinositol  3-kinase (PI3K),  and  protein  kinase  B (Akt)  mRNA  and  protein  in  mouse  heart  tissues,  as  well  as  the
          phosphorylation  levels  of  PI3K  and  Akt  proteins,  were  verified.  H9c2  cardiomyocytes  were  divided  into  control  group (CON
          group), DOX group (2 μmol/L), and GDOX group (2 μg/mL GA+2 μmol/L DOX) to determine cell viability and the levels of
          key  glycolytic  substances  in  the  cells.  RESULTS  Six  common  pathways  were  identified  from  transcriptomics  and  proteomics,
          including  the  Apelin  signaling  pathway,  the  PI3K-Akt  signaling  pathway,  and  insulin  resistance.  Among  them,  the  Apelin  and
          PI3K-Akt  signaling  pathways  were  the  most  enriched  in  terms  of  gene  numbers.  Target  validation  experiments  showed  that
          compared  to  the  CON  group,  the  relative  expression  of  Apelin,  PI3K  and  Akt  mRNA  and  protein  levels,  as  well  as  the
          phosphorylation  levels  of  PI3K  and  Akt  proteins,  were  significantly  decreased  in  the  DOX  group (P<0.05  or  P<0.01).  The
          relative  expression  of  Apelin,  PI3K  and  Akt  mRNA  and  the  phosphorylation  levels  of  PI3K  and  Akt  proteins  were  significantly
          increased  in  the  GDOX  group  as  compared  with  the  DOX  group (P<0.05  or  P<0.01).  Cellular  experiments  indicated  that
          compared to the CON group, cell viability in the DOX group was significantly decreased (P<0.05), the relative uptake of glucose
          and the relative production of pyruvate and lactate were significantly increased (P<0.05), and the relative production of ATP was
          significantly reduced (P<0.05). Compared to the DOX group, cell viability in the GDOX group was significantly increased (P<
          0.05), and the relative production of pyruvate and lactate was significantly reduced (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS GA may alleviate
          DOX-induced  cardiotoxicity  by  upregulating  the  mRNA  and  protein  expression  of  Apelin,  PI3K,  and  Akt  in  heart  tissues,  and
          regulating glycolytic processes.
          KEYWORDS    Ginkgo flavone aglycone; doxorubicin; cardiotoxicity; transcriptomics; proteomics; toxicity reduction mechanism



              多柔比星(doxorubicin,DOX)又称阿霉素,是一种                 物学过程,以揭示GA降低DOX诱导的心脏毒性的可能
          具有抗癌作用的蒽环类广谱抗生素,临床上常用于治疗                           作用机制。
          多种恶性实体瘤。然而,由于 DOX 严重的剂量依赖性                         1 材料
                                                  [1]
          心脏毒性作用,导致其临床应用受到极大限制 。银杏                           1.1 主要仪器
          黄酮苷元(Ginkgo flavone aglycone,GA)是一种从银杏                 本研究所用的主要仪器有:NanoElute LC型液相色
          提取物中以酶水解法获取的银杏黄酮苷类的新型提取                            谱仪、TimsTOF Pro型捕集离子淌度质谱仪(美国Bruker
          物,主要活性成分为槲皮素、山柰酚和异鼠李素,三者含                          公司),Agilent Bioanalyzer 4150 型自动化电泳系统(美
                    [2]
          量高于 90% 。本课题组前期在 GA 抗肝癌荷瘤小鼠的                       国 Agilent 公司),Allegra 64R 型低温高速离心机(美国
          药效研究中发现,GA具有协同抗肿瘤作用和降低DOX                          Beckman Coulter 公司),Variskan Lux 型多功能酶标仪
          心脏毒性的作用,可以降低 DOX 组小鼠的心脏指数和                        (美国Thermo Fisher Scientific公司),TS100型倒置显微
          血清中 B 型钠尿肽(B-type natriuretic peptide,BNP)、N       镜(日本Nikon公司),EL204型电子天平[梅特勒-托利多
          末端脑钠肽前体(N-terminal probrain natriuretic peptide,   仪器(上海)有限公司],Q225 型荧光定量 PCR 仪(武汉
          NT-pro BNP)水平,改善心脏组织病变及心肌纤维化程                      莫纳生物科技有限公司)。
            [3]
          度 ,但相关机制尚不明确,亟须深入研究。                               1.2 主要药品与试剂
              中药具有多途径、多靶点的作用特点,传统的单一                             盐酸 DOX 原料药(批号 NO625A,纯度>98%)购自
          组学研究很难对其调控机制进行系统、全面的解释;转                           大连美仑生物技术有限公司;GA 提取物(槲皮素、山柰
          录组学和蛋白质组学联合分析,可以从不同层面、不同                           酚、异鼠李素含量分别为 47.28%、43.42%、1.93%)由贵
          角度解析药物对疾病的调控作用,揭示基因在转录或翻                           州省生化工程中心何珺副教授惠赠;CCK-8 试剂盒(批
          译等过程中的调控规律,得到更加完整的生物体表达信                           号GK10001)购自美国GlpBio公司;葡萄糖、丙酮酸试剂
            [4]
          息 。基于此,本研究采用小鼠心脏组织进行 RNA-Seq                       盒(批号分别为 20230922、2023091)均购自南京建成生
          转录组测序和4D-Label-free定量蛋白质组学检测,筛选                    物工程研究所;乳酸试剂盒(批号 KTB1100)购自美国
          差异基因和蛋白并对其进行关联分析,然后采用实时定                           Abbkine公司;三磷酸腺苷(adenosine triphosphate,ATP)
          量逆转录聚合酶链反应(real-time quantitative reverse          试剂盒(批号 072523231121)购自上海碧云天生物技术
          transcription  polymerase  chain  reaction,qRT-PCR)、     股份有限公司;Pierce 快速BCA蛋白检测试剂盒(批号
                                                                               TM
          Western blot法对关键信号通路中的重要靶点进行验证,                    A53225)购自美国 Thermo Fisher Scientific公司;鼠源甘
          最后采用细胞实验进一步明确药物调控靶点参与的生                            油醛-3-磷酸脱氢酶(glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehy‐


          中国药房  2024年第35卷第21期                                              China Pharmacy  2024 Vol. 35  No. 21    · 2597 ·
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