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·循证药学·


          真实世界中利妥昔单抗治疗儿童难治性肾病综合征的有效性与
          安全性的Meta分析                    Δ



                                                1, 2
                                                          1, 2 #
                                      1, 2
                            1, 2
          任相阁    1, 2* ,禹 欣 ,张佳伟 ,赵沛东 ,翟文生 (1. 河南中医药大学第一附属医院儿科医院,郑州
          450014;2.河南中医药大学儿科医学院,郑州 450046)
          中图分类号  R969.3;R726.9      文献标志码  A      文章编号  1001-0408(2024)21-2668-08
          DOI  10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2024.21.16

          摘   要  目的  评价利妥昔单抗(RTX)在真实世界中治疗儿童难治性肾病综合征(RNS)的有效性和安全性。方法  系统检索中国
          知网、万方、维普、PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、the Cochrane Library以及CINAHL数据库,筛选文献、评价质量并提取资料后,
          使用R 4.2.2和RStudio软件对提取的文献数据进行Meta分析。使用逐一剔除法进行敏感性分析来评估合并结果的稳健性。绘制
          漏斗图和Egger检验检测纳入文献是否存在发表偏倚。结果  本研究共纳入26篇真实世界研究,涉及激素依赖型肾病综合征/频
          繁复发型肾病综合征(SDNS/FRNS)患儿996例,激素耐药型肾病综合征(SRNS)患儿205例。Meta分析结果表明,RTX治疗RNS
          的完全缓解(CR)率为 46%(95%CI 为 37%~56%)、部分缓解(PR)率为 22%(95%CI 为 14%~31%)、停药率为 35%(95%CI 为
          25%~44%)。亚组分析结果显示,RTX治疗SDNS/FRNS患儿的CR率为49%(95%CI为37%~62%)、PR率为25%(95%CI为0~
          50%)、停药率为 41%(95%CI 为 29%~52%),治疗 SRNS 患儿的 CR 率为 42%(95%CI 为 27%~56%)、PR 率为 22%(95%CI 为
          12%~32%)、停药率为21%(95%CI为4%~38%)。使用RTX治疗SDNS/FRNS患儿1年及以内的复发率为39%(95%CI为21%~
          57%),2年及以上的复发率为18%(95%CI为18%~98%)。安全性方面,不良反应以轻微输液反应为主,发生率为13%(95%CI为
          8%~22%)。敏感性分析提示本研究结果稳健。轻微输液反应发生率存在发表偏倚。结论  RTX治疗儿童RNS有效且安全。
          关键词  难治性肾病综合征;频繁复发;激素依赖;激素耐药;真实世界;儿童


          Meta-analysis of efficacy and safety of rituximab for children with refractory nephrotic syndrome based on
          the real world
                                                 1, 2
                                                                                    1, 2
                                1, 2
                                                                  1, 2
          REN Xiangge ,YU Xin ,ZHANG Jiawei ,ZHAO Peidong ,ZHAI Wensheng (1.  Pediatric  Hospital,  the
                      1, 2
          First  Affiliated  Hospital  of  Henan  University  of  Chinese  Medicine,  Zhengzhou  450014,  China;2.  College  of
          Pediatrics, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China)
          ABSTRACT    OBJECTIVE  To  evaluate  the  efficacy  and  safety  of  rituximab (RTX)  in  the  treatment  of  children  with  refractory
          nephrotic  syndrome (RNS)  based  on  the  real  world  by  meta-analysis.  METHODS  A  systematic  search  was  conducted  on  CNKI,
          Wanfang, VIP, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, and CINAHL databases to strictly screen the literature
          and  evaluate  their  quality.  A  meta-analysis  was  performed  on  the  extracted  literature  data  using  R  4.2.2  and  RStudio  software.
          RESULTS  A  total  of  26  real-world  studies  were  included  in  this  study,  involving  996  children  with  steroid-dependent  nephrotic
          syndrome/frequente-relapse nephrotic syndrome (SDNS/FRNS) and 205 children with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS).
          The  results  of  the  meta-analysis  showed  that  the  complete  remission (CR)  rate  of  RTX  treatment  for  RNS  was  46% (95%CI:
          37%-56%),  the  partial  remission (PR)  rate  was  22% (95%CI:  14%-31%),  and  the  discontinuation  rate  was  35% (95%CI:
          25%-44%). The results of subgroup analysis showed that the CR rate of RTX treatment in SDNS/FRNS children was 49% (95%CI:
          37%-62%),  PR  rate  was  25% (95%CI:  0-50%),  discontinuation  rate  was  41% (95%CI:  29%-52%);  the  CR  rate  in  SRNS
          children was 42% (95%CI: 27%-56%), PR rate was 22%(95%CI: 12%-32%), discontinuation rate was 21% (95%CI: 4%-38%).
          The recurrence rate in children with SDNS/FRNS  was 39% (95%CI: 21%-57%) within 1 year or less, 18% (95%CI: 18%-98%)
          in  2  years  and  more.  As  for  safety,  the  majority  of  adverse  reactions  were  mild  infusion  reactions,  with  an  incidence  of  13%
                                                             (95%CI:  8%-22%).  Sensitivity  analysis  suggested  that  the
              Δ 基金项目 国家自然科学基金项目(No.81873339,No.82274577);
                                                              results were robust. There was publication bias in mild infusion
          中华中医药学会《儿童肾病综合征中医诊疗指南(修订)》项目(No.
                                                              reaction  rate.  CONCLUSIONS  RTX  is  effective  and  safe  in
          20210908-BZ-CACM)
             *第一作者 医师,博士研究生。研究方向:中医药防治儿童肾脏                    the treatment of RNS in children.
          疾病。E-mail:13223881563@sohu.com                      KEYWORDS    refractory  nephrotic  syndrome;  frequente-
              # 通信作者 主任医师,博士。研究方向:中医药防治儿童肾脏疾                  relapse;  steroid-dependent;  steroid-resistant;  real  world;
          病。E-mail:zhws65415@sina.com                         children


          · 2668 ·    China Pharmacy  2024 Vol. 35  No. 21                            中国药房  2024年第35卷第21期
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