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拉考沙胺的药物不良事件信号挖掘与分析
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          尹悦勤 ,周朱珺,李成敏,徐 妮,娄月芬(上海市第四人民医院药剂科,上海 200434)
          中图分类号  R969.3      文献标志码  A      文章编号  1001-0408(2024)10-1249-05
          DOI  10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2024.10.17

          摘  要  目的  挖掘拉考沙胺的药物不良事件(ADE)信号,为临床安全用药提供参考。方法  收集美国 FDA 不良事件报告系统
          2009年1月1日-2022年12月31日上报的拉考沙胺ADE数据,采用报告比值比法和贝叶斯可信区间递进神经网络法进行数据挖
          掘,利用《国际医学用语词典》(25.0版)ADE术语集中的系统器官分类(SOC)、首选术语(PT)进行分类统计。结果  共得到拉考沙
          胺ADE报告21 360份,包含203个ADE信号,涉及24个SOC,其中19个信号未被其药品说明书记录。发生频次排名前5位的PT
          分别为用药过量、装置使用过程中的技术性错误、产品使用问题、有意误用产品、治疗中断;信号强度排名前5位的PT分别为癫痫
          表现类型变化、先天性口角降肌发育不全、多重耐药性、脑手术、迷走神经刺激器植入。其药品说明书未记录的ADE包括先天性
          口角降肌发育不全、多重耐药性、线粒体DNA突变、分裂性身份识别障碍、先天性外耳异常等。结论  对于拉考沙胺发生频次多且
          药品说明书已记录的ADE,如心动过缓、房室传导阻滞等,临床在治疗期间应根据患者情况适时调整剂量,避免出现严重的ADE;
          对于新的可疑的ADE(如先天性口角降肌发育不全、线粒体DNA突变、过熟儿、分裂性身份识别障碍、色素尿、行为障碍、分离性障
          碍等)应警惕和识别,以确保患者用药安全。
          关键词  拉考沙胺;药物不良事件;药物不良反应;信号挖掘


          Mining and analysis of adverse drug event signals of lacosamide
          YIN Yueqin,ZHOU Zhujun,LI Chengmin,XU Ni,LOU Yuefen(Dept.  of  Pharmacy,  Shanghai  Fourth  People’s
          Hospital, Shanghai 200434, China)

          ABSTRACT   OBJECTIVE  To  mine  adverse  drug  event (ADE)  signals  of  lacosamide,  and  to  provide  references  for  clinically
          safe  drug  use.  METHODS  ADE  data  for  lacosamide  reported  to  the  United  States  FDA  adverse  event  reporting  system  from
          January  1,  2009,  to  December  31,  2022,  were  collected.  Data  mining  was  conducted  using  the  reporting  odds  ratio  method  and
          Bayesian  confidence  propagation  neural  network  method.  Classification  statistics  were  performed  using  the  system  organ  class
         (SOC)  and  preferred  terms (PT)  from  ADE  terminology  set  of  Medical  Dictionary  for  Regulatory  Activities (Version  25.0).
          RESULTS A total of 21 360 lacosamide ADE reports were received, identifying 203 ADE signals across 24 SOCs, with 19 signals
          not included in the drug’s instruction. The top five PTs ranked by occurrence frequency were medication overdose, technical errors
          during  device  use,  product  use  issues,  intentional  product  misuse,  and  therapy  discontinuation. The  top  five  PTs  ranked  by  signal
          strength  were  changes  in  seizure  presentation  type,  congenital  hypoplasia  of  depressor  anguli  oris  muscle,  multidrug  resistance,
          brain surgery, and vagus nerve stimulator implantation. ADEs not recorded in the drug instruction included congenital hypoplasia of
          depressor  anguli  oris  muscle,  multidrug  resistance,  mitochondrial  DNA  mutation,  dissociative  identity  disorder,  and  congenital
          auricular  anomaly.  CONCLUSIONS  For  lacosamide-induced  ADEs  that  occur  frequently  and  are  already  listed  in  the  drug’s
          instructions,  such  as  bradycardia  and  atrioventricular  block,  the  clinical  application  should  be  careful  and  attentive,  adjusting  the
          dosage  timely  according  to  the  patient’s  condition  to  avoid  severe  ADEs.  Newly  discovered  suspect  ADEs,  such  as  congenital
          hypoplasia  of  depressor  anguli  oris  muscle,  mitochondrial  DNA  mutation,  overmature  infant,  dissociative  identity  disorder,
          pigmenturia, behavioral disorders, and dissociative disorders, should be vigilantly recognized to ensure the safety of drug use.
          KEYWORDS    lacosamide; adverse drug events; adverse drug reaction; signal detection


                                                                 癫痫发作定义为大脑神经元异常过度或同步活动
             Δ 基金项目 上海市第四人民医院学科助推计划科研项目(No.
          SY-XKZT-2020-1014)                                 而出现的短暂体征和/或症状,这种异常电活动导致患者
             *第一作者 药师。研究方向:临床药学。E-mail:yinyq0526@
                                                             出现无意识和/或神经肌肉活动的障碍。癫痫发作的表
          163.com
                                                             现多样,包括短暂的运动障碍、感觉异常、认知功能受
             # 通信作者 主任药师,硕士。研究方向:临床药学。E-mail:
                                                                                                 [1]
          louyuefen@sina.cn                                  损、自主神经系统活动改变以及视觉干扰 。拉考沙胺

          中国药房  2024年第35卷第10期                                              China Pharmacy  2024 Vol. 35  No. 10    · 1249 ·
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