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PCSK9抑制剂预防高胆固醇血症患者心血管疾病的药物经济学

          评价系统综述
                                Δ


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          傅源源    1, 2* ,周建成 ,邹 颖 ,王璐颖 ,陈平钰 ,王永庆 (1. 南京医科大学第一附属医院药学部,南京
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          210029;2.南京医科大学药学院,南京 211166;3.中国药科大学国际医药商学院,南京 211198)
          中图分类号  R956;R972+.6      文献标志码  A      文章编号  1001-0408(2024)08-0972-08
          DOI  10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2024.08.13

          摘   要  目的  系统评价前蛋白转化酶枯草溶菌素9(PCSK9)抑制剂预防高胆固醇血症患者心血管疾病的药物经济学评价研究,
          为优化临床治疗方案、制定相关政策及开展后续药物经济学评价研究提供参考。方法  检索PubMed、中国知网等中英文数据库,
          收集建库至2023年10月8日发表的PCSK9抑制剂(依洛尤单抗、阿利西尤单抗)预防高胆固醇血症患者心血管疾病的药物经济学
          评价文献,使用2022版卫生经济学评价报告标准共识(CHEERS 2022)量表进行文献质量评价,对纳入文献的基本信息、模型结构
          及相关参数、敏感性分析、结果等进行描述性分析。结果与结论  共纳入29篇文献,总体质量较好。研究视角包括卫生体系、支付
          方、全社会等,均采用了 Markov 模型;效果和效用值数据主要来自既往研究,成本主要测算了直接成本,贴现率为每年 1.5%~
          5.0%,意愿支付阈值多设定为1~3倍人均国内生产总值,健康产出指标大部分采用生存年和质量调整生命年;大部分研究的敏感
          性分析显示,基础评价结果具有稳健性,主要影响因素为药品价格。大部分的中国研究发现,急性冠脉综合征、心肌梗死、动脉粥
          样硬化性心血管疾病患者使用PCSK9抑制剂预防心血管疾病不具有经济学优势,仅部分特定群体(如三支病变患者、新发急性冠
          脉综合征且低密度脂蛋白胆固醇≥100 mg/dL 的患者等)使用 PCSK9 抑制剂预防心血管疾病有经济性。建议后续研究参考
          CHEERS 2022量表完善设计方案,尽量选择本土大样本、高质量数据,以提高报告质量和卫生决策的透明度,从而更准确地评价
          PCSK9抑制剂的经济性。
          关键词  PCSK9抑制剂;依洛尤单抗;阿利西尤单抗;心血管疾病;高胆固醇血症;药物经济学评价

          Systematic  review  of  pharmacoeconomic  evaluation  on  PCSK9  inhibitors  for  the  prevention  of
          cardiovascular disease in patients with hypercholesterolemia
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                      1, 2
          FU Yuanyuan ,ZHOU Jiancheng ,ZOU Ying ,WANG Luying ,CHEN Pingyu ,WANG Yongqing (1. Dept. of
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          Pharmacy,  the  First  Affiliated  Hospital  of  Nanjing  Medical  University,  Nanjing  210029,  China;2.  School  of
          Pharmacy,  Nanjing  Medical  University,  Nanjing  211166,  China;3.  School  of  International  Pharmaceutical
          Business, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China)
          ABSTRACT    OBJECTIVE  To  systematically  review  the  pharmacoeconomic  evaluation  literature  about  proprotein  convertase
          subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors for the prevention of cardiovascular disease in patients with hypercholesterolemia, and to
          provide  a  reference  for  clinical  treatment,  health  decision-making  and  future  follow-up  research.  METHODS  Retrieved  from
          English  and  Chinese  databases  such  as  PubMed  and  CNKI,  the  pharmacoeconomic  literature  about  PCSK9  inhibitors (evolocumab
          and  alirocumab)  for  the  prevention  of  cardiovascular  disease  in  patients  with  hypercholesterolemia  was  collected  from  the
          establishment  of  the  database  to  October  8,  2023.  The  quality  of  the  included  literature  was  assessed  with  Consolidated  Health
          Economic  Evaluation  Reporting  Standards  2022 (CHEERS  2022)  scale.  The  descriptive  analysis  was  performed  for  basic
          information,  model  structure,  related  parameters,  sensitivity  analysis  and  the  results  of  included  studies.  RESULTS  &
          CONCLUSIONS  A  total  of  29  literature  were  included,  with  overall  good  quality.  The  evaluation  mainly  adopted  the  Markov
          model from the healthcare system, payer and societal perspective. The effectiveness and utility data mainly came from the previous
          studies;  the  direct  cost  was  mainly  considered  with  a  discount  rate  of  1.5%-5.0%  per  year,  while  the  willingness-to-pay  threshold
          was  often  set  at  1-3  times  the  gross  domestic  product  per  capita.  Most  health  output  indicators  were  measured  in  life  years  and
                                                              quality-adjusted  life  years.  The  sensitivity  analysis  of  most
              Δ 基金项目 江苏省卫生健康委员会药品临床综合评价项目(No.                 studies  demonstrated  the  robustness  and  the  main  influential
          苏卫办药政〔2022〕1号)                                      factor  was  the  drug  cost.  Most  Chinese  studies  showed  that
             *第一作者 主管药师,硕士研究生。研究方向:临床药学、药品临
                                                              PCSK9  inhibitor  was  not  cost-effective  for  the  prevention  of
          床综合评价。E-mail:fuyuanyuan0513@126.com
              # 通信作者 主任药师,教授,博士生导师。研究方向:临床药学、                 cardiovascular  disease  in  patients  with  acute  coronary
          临床药理学。E-mail:wyqjsph@163.com                        syndrome,   myocardial   infarction   and   atherosclerotic


          · 972 ·    China Pharmacy  2024 Vol. 35  No. 8                               中国药房  2024年第35卷第8期
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