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替加环素致严重肾功能不全患者凝血功能异常的回顾性分析
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沈 莉 ,方 伟 ,张 尧,潘 洋,周泽伟(重庆大学附属三峡医院药学部,重庆 404000)
中图分类号 R969.3 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408(2023)22-2766-04
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2023.22.14
摘 要 目的 分析替加环素对严重肾功能不全患者凝血功能的影响,为临床安全用药提供参考。方法 回顾性分析2021年1月
至2022年10月我院肾病学科收治的使用替加环素治疗的严重肾功能不全合并感染患者的临床资料。比较患者用药前3 d,用药
1~5、6~10、11~15、16~20 d后及停药5 d后和/或对症处理后的凝血酶原时间(PT)、活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)、国际标准
化比值(INR)、血小板(PLT)、纤维蛋白原(FIB)水平。结果 共纳入 14 例患者,有 9 例患者发生了凝血功能异常,发生率为
64.29%。与用药前3 d比较,患者用药6~10、11~15 d后FIB水平及用药1~5、6~10、11~15 d后PLT水平均显著降低,用药1~
5、6~10 d后PT及用药1~5、6~10、11~15 d后APTT均显著延长,用药1~5、6~10 d后INR均显著升高(P<0.05);而用药16~
20 d及停药5 d后和/或对症处理后FIB、PT、INR、APTT、PLT与用药前3 d比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 严重肾功
能不全患者需谨慎使用替加环素;替加环素可导致患者的PT、APTT延长,INR升高,PLT、FIB降低;用药疗程>14 d时,临床需对
患者凝血指标进行动态监测,以降低不良反应的发生风险。
关键词 替加环素;凝血功能异常;肾功能不全;不良反应
Retrospective analysis of coagulopathy in patients with severe renal insufficiency caused by tigecycline
SHEN Li,FANG Wei,ZHANG Yao,PAN Yang,ZHOU Zewei(Dept. of Pharmacy, Three Gorges Hospital
Affiliated to Chongqing University, Chongqing 404000, China)
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To analyze the effects of tigecycline on coagulation function in patients with severe renal
insufficiency, and to provide a reference for safe clinical drug use. METHODS Retrospective analysis was performed for the
clinical data of patients with severe renal dysfunction complicated with infection receiving tigecycline admitted to nephrology
department of our hospital from January 2021 to October 2022. The levels of prothrombin time (PT), activated partial
thromboplastin time (APTT), international normalized ratio (INR), platelet (PLT) and fibrinogen (FIB) were compared 3 days
before medication, with 1-5, 6-10, 11-15 and 16-20 days after medication, 5 days after withdrawal and/or after symptomatic
treatment. RESULTS Finally, 14 patients were included, and 9 patients developed coagulopathy, with an incidence of 64.29%.
Compared with 3 days after medication, the levels of FIB at 6-10 and 11-15 days after medication, and PLT at 1-5 , 6-10 and 11-
15 days after medication were decreased significantly, while the levels of PT at 1-5 and 6-10 days after medication, APTT at 1-5,
6-10 and 11-15 days after medication were significantly prolonged, and INR increased significantly at 1-5 and 6-10 days after
medication (P<0.05). Compared with 3 days before medication, there were no statistically significant changes in FIB, PT, INR,
APTT and PLT at 16-20 days after medication and 5 days after withdrawal and/or symptomatic treatment(P>0.05).
CONCLUSIONS Patients with severe renal insufficiency should be cautious with tigecycline, which can lead to prolonged PT and
APTT, increased INR, and decreased PLT and FIB. If medication time is over 14 days, dynamic monitoring of coagulation
function indicators is recommended to reduce the risk of adverse reactions.
KEYWORDS tigecycline; coagulopathy; renal insufficiency; adverse reaction
替加环素作为新一代甘氨酰四环素类广谱抗菌药 分凝血活酶时间(activated partial thromboplastin time,
物,对常见致病菌或多重耐药菌具有良好的抗菌活性, APTT)延长、凝血酶原时间(prothrombin time,PT)延长、
在治疗成人复杂性腹腔感染、皮肤软组织感染和社区获 国际标准化比值(international normalized ratio,INR)升
[2]
[1]
得性肺炎等方面的效果较好 。替加环素常见的不良反 高、血小板(platelet,PLT)减少 。近年来,有文献报道了
应有恶心、呕吐、肝功能异常、皮疹、凝血功能异常等,其 替加环素对凝血功能的影响,凝血功能异常可能会导致
中该药说明书提及的凝血系统不良反应主要有活化部 患者原有疾病病情加重、治疗费用增加、住院时间延长
[2]
及预后不佳等,最终影响患者的治疗结局 。
Δ 基金项目 重庆市首批临床药学重点专科建设项目(No.渝卫办
严重肾功能不全患者因接受持续性肾脏代替治疗
发〔2020〕68号) 和免疫缺陷、营养不良、留置导管、长期/反复住院史等原
* 第一作者 主 管 药 师 。 研 究 方 向 :临 床 药 学 。 E-mail:
[3]
因,使得感染耐药菌的风险较高 ,常需使用替加环素治
308396782@qq.com
# 通信作者 副主任药师,博士。研究方向:临床药学。E-mail: 疗。有研究认为,严重肾功能不全患者感染时应尽量避
56127449@qq.com 免使用肾毒性抗菌药物,可选用经肝胆系统排泄的药
· 2766 · China Pharmacy 2023 Vol. 34 No. 22 中国药房 2023年第34卷第22期