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基于美国FAERS的伊沙佐米风险信号挖掘
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杨 莉 ,赵新才,徐 嵘,张剑萍(上海交通大学医学院附属第六人民医院药剂科,上海 200233)
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中图分类号 R969.3;R979.1+9 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408(2023)22-2770-05
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2023.22.15
摘 要 目的 挖掘伊沙佐米的风险信号,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法 利用Open Vigil 2.1在线工具,提取美国FDA不良事
件报告系统(FAERS)数据库中自伊沙佐米在美国上市(2015年11月20日)至Open Vigil网站最近更新(2023年3月31日)的药品
不良事件(ADE)报告数据,采用比例失衡法中的报告比值比(PRR)法和贝叶斯置信区间递进神经网络(BCPNN)法进行数据挖
掘,采用国际医学用语词典(MedDRA)25.1版对信号的系统器官分类(SOC)和首选术语(PT)进行标准化编码。结果 共提取到以
“伊沙佐米”为“首要怀疑药物”的ADE报告13 841份,涉及患者以男性稍多(49.53%),且年龄多为65岁及以上(72.48%);报告来
自57个国家/地区,以美国(52.90%)为主。共挖掘到阳性信号186个,强、中、弱信号分别有51、99、36个,累及SOC 19个。发生频
次和PRR信号强度均排在前50位的PT包括周围神经病(414例,强信号)、血小板计数降低(379例,强信号)、血小板减少症(360
例,强信号)、血细胞减少症(75例,强信号)、神经病学症状(41例,强信号),累及SOC为各类神经系统疾病、各类检查和血液及淋
巴系统疾病;累及胃肠系统疾病(2 588 例)的 ADE 发生次数最多,包括腹泻(1 077 例,强信号)、恶心(737 例,中信号)、呕吐(459
例,中信号)、便秘(275例,中信号)等;感染及侵染类疾病阳性信号包含PT最多,且多数未被药品说明书记载,其中强信号12个
(1 030例)、中信号30个(627例),主要涉及肺部感染、上呼吸道感染、胃肠道感染、脓毒症、带状疱疹等;心脏器官疾病中的心脏淀
粉样变性(7例,强信号)、急性冠脉综合征(14例,强信号)和肾脏及泌尿系统疾病中的肾功能损害(91例,中信号)均为较强信号且
均未被药品说明书记载。结论 除需常规关注的伊沙佐米相关胃肠系统疾病、各类神经系统疾病、血液及淋巴系统疾病等常见
ADE外,临床还需关注患者在治疗期间可能出现的各种感染,密切监测其心血管毒性和肾功能损害的发生。
关键词 伊沙佐米;不良事件;美国FDA不良事件报告系统;信号挖掘
Risk signal mining of ixazomib based on the database of FAERS
YANG Li,ZHAO Xincai,XU Rong,ZHANG Jianping(Dept. of Pharmacy, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital
Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China)
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To explore the risk signal of ixazomib and provide a reference for clinically rational drug use.
METHODS The Open Vigil 2.1 online tool was used to extract the data of adverse drug events (ADE) reported by the database of
FDA adverse event reporting system (FAERS) from the launch of ixazomib in America (November 20th, 2015) to the latest update
of the Open Vigil website (March 31st, 2023). The data were mined by using the proportional reporting ratio (PRR) and Bayesian
confidence propagation neural network (BCPNN) of the proportional imbalance method. The signals were coded by system organ
class (SOC) and preferred term (PT) according to MedDRA v25.1. RESULTS A total of 13 841 ADE reports with ixazomib as the
“primary subject” were extracted, involving slightly more male patients (49.53%), and most of them were 65 years old and above
(72.48%); the reports came from 57 countries/regions, mainly America (52.90%). A total of 186 positive signals were excavated,
with 51 high-intensity, 99 medium-intensity, and 36 low-intensity signals, involving 19 SOCs. The top 50 PT in frequency and
signal intensity of PRR included neuropathy peripheral (414 cases, high-intensity signal), platelet count decreased (379 cases,
high-intensity signal), thrombocytopenia (360 cases, high-intensity signal), cytopenia (75 cases, high-intensity signal) and
neurological symptoms (41 cases, high-intensity signal). SOC involved included nervous system disorders, investigations, and
blood and lymphatic system disorders. ADE occurred most frequently in gastrointestinal diseases (2 588 cases), including diarrhea
(1 077 cases, high-intensity signal), nausea (737 cases, medium-intensity signal), vomiting (459 cases, medium-intensity
signal), constipation (275 cases, medium-intensity signal), and so on. The positive signals of infections and infestations contained
the largest number of PTs, and most of them were not recorded in the drug instruction, including 12 high-intensity signals (1 030
cases) and 30 medium-intensity signals (627 cases), which were mainly distributed in lung infection, upper respiratory infection,
gastrointestinal infection, sepsis, herpes zoster and so on. The signals of cardiac amyloidosis (7 cases, high-intensity signal) and
acute coronary syndrome (14 cases, high-intensity signal) of
Δ 基金项目 上海市卫生健康委老龄化和妇儿健康研究专项(No.
cardiac disorders and renal dysfunction (91 cases, medium-
2020YJZX0205);上海市医院协会临床药事管理专业委员会立项课题
intensity signal) of renal and urinary disorders were all strong
资助项目(No.YS2021001)
*第一作者 药师。研究方向:临床药学。E-mail:974888900@qq. and had not been recorded in the drug instruction.
com CONCLUSIONS In addition to routine attention to the
# 通信作者 主任药师,硕士。研究方向:药事管理、临床药学。E- common ADE of ixazomib in gastrointestinal diseases,
mail:zhangjianping1997@126.com nervous system disorders and blood and lymphatic system
· 2770 · China Pharmacy 2023 Vol. 34 No. 22 中国药房 2023年第34卷第22期