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表现出细胞周期蛋白 D-CDK4/6-Rb 通路紊乱,这为 evidence and future directions[J]. World J Clin Oncol,
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CDK4/6 抑制剂治疗乳腺癌提供了理论依据 。早期的 2014,5(5):990-1001.
PALOMA-1 研究显示,与单用来曲唑相比,哌柏西利联 [ 5 ] ALFAKEEH A,BREZDEN-MASLEY C. Overcoming
合来曲唑可将HR阳性/HER2阴性乳腺癌患者的PFS从 endocrine resistance in hormone receptor-positive breast
cancer[J]. Curr Oncol,2018,25(Suppl 1):S18-S27.
10.2 个月延长至 20.2 个月,中位 OS 从 33.3 个月延长至
[ 6 ] BILGIN B,SENDUR MAN,ŞENER DEDE D,et al. A
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37.5 个月 。这证明了 CDK4/6 抑制剂联合内分泌药物
current and comprehensive review of cyclin-dependent
用于HR阳性/HER2阴性乳腺癌患者的疗效更好。本研
kinase inhibitors for the treatment of metastatic breast
究结果显示,试验组患者的 PFS、OS、ORR、CBR 均显著
cancer[J]. Curr Med Res Opin,2017,33(9):1559-1569.
优于对照组。
[ 7 ] LI J,FU F M,YU L W,et al. Cyclin-dependent kinase 4
本研究结果还显示,试验组患者≥3 级不良反应发 and 6 inhibitors in hormone receptor-positive,human
生率和中性粒细胞减少、白细胞减少、贫血等血液毒性 epidermal growth factor receptor-2 negative advanced
反应发生率以及腹泻、恶心等非血液学不良反应发生率 breast cancer:a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials
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剂与高血液毒性反应有关,尤其是中性粒细胞减少。 [ 8 ] 秦泽敏,易凡,刘满想,等. CDK4/6抑制剂联合内分泌治
CDK4/6 抑制剂的不良反应以血液毒性反应最为常见, 疗晚期乳腺癌有效性和安全性的 Meta 分析[J]. 中国循
其原因可能是该类制剂抑制了CDK4/6,而CDK4/6是造 证医学杂志,2018,18(4):333-339.
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血前体增殖的关键调节剂 。CDK4/6 抑制剂引起的骨 QIN Z M,YI F,LIU M X,et al. Efficacy and safety of
CDK4/6 inhibitors combined with endocrine therapy for
髓抑制与化疗诱导的骨髓抑制有所不同,化疗诱导骨髓
advanced breast cancer:a meta-analysis[J]. Chin J Evid
抑制的机制是引起细胞DNA损伤和导致造血干细胞凋
Based Med,2018,18(4):333-339.
亡;而 CDK4/6 抑制剂则是通过抑制造血干细胞从 G1期
[ 9 ] XU B H,ZHANG Q Y,ZHANG P,et al. Dalpiciclib or
发展至S期,导致细胞周期停滞,从而引起骨髓抑制,如
placebo plus fulvestrant in hormone receptor-positive and
果停用 CDK4/6 抑制剂,骨髓移植可迅速逆转 。除了 HER2-negative advanced breast cancer:a randomized,
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血液毒性反应外,CDK4/6抑制剂还可能引起腹泻、恶心 phase 3 trial[J]. Nat Med,2021,27(11):1904-1909.
等非血液学不良反应。虽然CDK4/6抑制剂的不良反应 [10] XU B,ZHANG Q Y,ZHANG P,et al. LBA16 Dalpiciclib
明显,尤其是血液毒性反应,但目前尚未有因CDK4/6抑 plus letrozole or anastrozole as first-line treatment for HR /
+
制剂不良反应而死亡的病例报道,可见 CDK4/6 抑制剂 HER2 advanced breast cancer(DAWNA-2):a phase Ⅲ
-
仍然可作为乳腺癌患者治疗的一个重要选择。 trial[J]. Ann Oncol,2022,33:S1384-S1385.
综上所述,CDK4/6抑制剂联合内分泌药物治疗HR [11] SLEDGE G W, Jr,TOI M,NEVEN P,et al. MONARCH
阳性/HER2阴性乳腺癌的疗效显著,不良反应发生率较 2:abemaciclib in combination with fulvestrant in women
+
-
高,尤其是血液毒性反应。本研究的局限性为:(1)纳入 with HR /HER2 advanced breast cancer who had pro‐
gressed while receiving endocrine therapy[J]. J Clin On‐
研究的干预措施、纳入患者的状态、治疗药物不尽相同;
col,2017,35(25):2875-2884.
(2)部分临床试验还在进行中,相关数据暂未公布。故
[12] SLEDGE G W, Jr,TOI M,NEVEN P,et al. The effect of
本研究所得结论仍需要更多大样本、高质量 RCT 进行
abemaciclib plus fulvestrant on overall survival in hor‐
验证。
mone receptor-positive,ERBB2-negative breast cancer
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中国药房 2023年第34卷第22期 China Pharmacy 2023 Vol. 34 No. 22 · 2791 ·